Consumer Culture in Modern Europe

During the 1930’s the public began to feel the effects of the Great Depression, many designers were restricted in experimenting with new fashions due to the fall in the economy and the rise in employment. However, this difficult time period did not stop women from flocking to the shops to enjoy the new fashion craze that was arising. Women were expected to wear clothing that was sombre and modest, it reflecting the difficult social and economical situation of the decade. In Italy, women’s fashions moved away from the seductive and daring style of the 1920s towards more romantic, feminine silhouette inspired fashion. Fashion was more significant during this time period in Italy because

In the introduction of Chapter 1 “Consuming Passions” “The Culture of American Consumption,” it talks about how American popular culture is grounded in consumption. With the media in our hand, it is a huge influence towards the advertising world. With how styles of clothing have been changing over time, this talks about how from the earlier times wearing a simple type of blue jeans can change between who wears them over the years. As stated, “ By the 1950s, however, blue jeans began to bear an additional class significance as “casual wear” for middle-class Americans.” (72). In 1970 these pants have then become a simple fashion wear. They have also been introduced as a hipster type wear. Then in 1980 through the early 2000s, baggy jeans were

The Reading A Woman in Berlin details the experiences of a women during the time when Russia occupied Berlin, Germany. While reading about her experience we are able to understand many things about Russia occupation in Berlin, Germany. Her diary expresses the problems women faced in regards to the Russian soldiers, the affect the war played on the Germans in Berlin, and how the German people dealt with the Russia soldiers.

The 1950s is described as the “‘golden age’ of capitalism,” where a comfortable standard of living became accessible to many new, middle-class Americans (991). According to Foner, “the official poverty rate, 30 percent of all families in 1950, had declined to 22 percent a decade later”(991). The poverty rate declined as more Americans entered white-collared jobs with increased wages. Essentially, the “American standard of living” during the 1950s was characterized by the ability of citizens to participate in the mass consumerist society; this was only possible through an increase in income. Jack Straus, the chairman of the board of Macy’s stated “‘The consumer is the key to our economy...The luxuries of today are the necessities of tomorrow’”(Foner 994). The American economy was based off of consumers; “In a consumer culture, the measure of freedom

Throughout the 1920s through the 1950s Women’s clothing in America was affected by World War II, which lead to the exploration of different styles, the encounter of new trends and the exchange of ideas and new styles.

For people who are interested in war and facts this is a very good book. It is emotional but also very difficult to understand at some points. You need to put a lot of time in it in order to understand it but its worth.

Without question, the 1920s “new era” was one of the eras in American history that made the most progress, especially from immense business and industry contributions. These business and industry contributions to America included the creation of automobiles, radios, house appliances, and much more. Not only did these product contributions change America, but also efficiency improved within the “new era” increasing the production of goods. Overall in this time period, the consumer culture had a significant change with the development of mass production industries, welfare capitalism, and government efforts to enforce prosperity abroad.

1. When selecting a UPL the Commander must take into consideration which of the following qualifications? The commander appoints an officer or non-commisned officer ( e-5 r above) on orders as the UPL

     Overall I thought that the book gave some very convincing theories about the war and it made me understand a lot more about what happened during the war. We only had one view at the war when it was going on and that was from the standpoint of the news stations. I believe it’s always good to have different views on a topic, because then you can really begin to analyze the topic.

The dominance of capitalist countries has facilitated the conformity of global civilization and cultural environments resulting in an increase of consumer cultures (Sarmela, 1977; Chaney, 2004). As capitalism experiences a natural and unavoidable expansion, consumers engage with consumer culture creating invisible products such as social status, identity, cultures, and ethical relationships (Sternberg, 2017). There are two sides to consumer culture that are the values held by society; those who conform and those who rebel (Turow & McAllister, 2014). All participants of society align with either submission or resistance to dominant ideas, values, and social structures. However, as a result of continued progressive diversity and fragmentation, the distinction between submissive and resistance are blurred. Nevertheless, those who resist and rebel are still participants of consumer culture. Instead they instead form sub cultures in society with alternative beliefs, values and ideas that challenge the mainstream (Chaney, 2004). In order to better understand the relationship between consumption practice and the resistance of consumer culture, theories of reflexive project of self, prosumers, lifestyle commodification, and incorporation will be analyzed in relation to the vegan movement.

Sigmund is successful in expanding the knowledge of the German women during the Third Reich to include those closest to the Nazi Party and Hitler. These women, aside from Scholtz-Klink, never served in the BdM, were promiscuous in marriage, did little to conform to what Hitler considered to be the ideal Aryan woman, but they were closest to him, and played a huge role in the National Socialist Party in their own way. The final author analyzed for this text also explores the elite women of the Third Reich, but on a different, more psychological

The first source that will be analyzed is “Women in German History: From Bourgeois Emancipation to Sexual Liberation,” written by Ute Frevert. This source is valuable because Frevert is a German historian, who specializes in the history of social and cultural history of the modern era, gender history, and the new history of politics. From 2003 to 2007 she was professor of German history at Yale University. She has written other books about this topic, which demonstrates that she is knowledgeable about German history. The strength of Frevert’s writing is that there are several other subjects in the writing which proves how knowledgeable she is about this topic, but it also a limitation because she cannot include as many details about all the topic area. The purpose of Frevert’s book is to explain how women and their role in society has changed over time, from the eighteenth century through the twentieth century. This is valuable because it implies that an extensive period of time has been examined, which allows for changes of the women’s role in Nazi

As a country, Americans love to shop. Whether in malls, grocery stores, on the Internet, or elsewhere, the culture of buying is deeply ingrained in American culture. Fueled largely by advertising and the current credit system, America’s consumer culture is depleting our planet’s finite natural resources and polluting our environment. Consumerism has instilled in Americans an artificial, ongoing, and insatiable desire for mass-produced and marketed products, and the money with which to buy them, with little regard to their actual usefulness or necessity. This constant desire to acquire more possessions is poisoning the planet, as it can never be sated and thus results in the never-ending exploitation of the Earth’s natural resources, and

Understanding consumer buying behavior entails marketing, relationships, and consumer behavior. Consumer behavior comprises all the consumer decisions and activities connected with the choosing, buying, using and disposing of goods and services. Marketers must pay very close attention to consumer behavior that occurs before the purchase and after the particular product has been used. Studying consumer habits is one of the steps in marketing search and analysis. In addition to other basic principles of consumer buying habits, marketers also need to study the decision and actions of real people. Until recent history the study of consumer behavior was focused on generalized consumer decisions. With

The 1930s were influenced by socialism, communism and fascism and women’s fashion became more and more feminine in keeping with these conservative ideas. However, this period also saw the emergence of the culture of clubs and hence dresses became more body-hugging and colors went more deep and dark. The