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Contact Angle Experiments on Self-Assembled Monolayers
Aim
The aim of this experiment was to measure the angle between a metal surface and a liquid droplet using a CCD camera and optics. This experiment also investigated how metal surfaces coated with single-molecule layers of functionalized alkanethiols and alkanethiols alter the wetting behavior and metal surface energy.
Introduction
Whenever a monolayer is attached to a metal surface, the wetting properties and behavior can be significantly affected (Yuan & Lee, 15). In practice, densely-packed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) can be used to modify the macroscopic properties of a solid surface (Dilimon et al. 202). Changes in wetting properties occur due to changes in the angle made by a liquid droplet whenever it is in contact with the surface. This phenomenon is significant in several contexts for example, in industrial contexts: this property is used to evaluate the cleanliness of semiconductor wafers. In such contexts, contact angles measurements are widely used. Control of this property is also useful during penetration of insecticides or pesticides into plants, and waterproofing of materials (Yuan & Lee, 25). While the former focuses on maximization of wetting, the latter case seeks to minimize liquid-induced wetting (Yuan & Lee, 28). When monolayers aggregate spontaneously on a surface, they are termed as
[2] McCray, J. A., & Trentham, D. R. (1989). Properties and uses of photoreactive caged compounds. Annual review of biophysics and biophysical chemistry,18(1), 239-270.
Before placing the Aluminum foil into the Copper Chloride Water (CuCl2 + H2O), I had examined the characteristics of the aluminum foil. It came to view that the Aluminum foil was a silver-coloured, shiny metal. When the aluminum foil was placed into the CuCl2 Water solution, several observations were made.
must always follow the surface coating rules and guidelines that has to formulated on a basis of
The goal of this experiment is to prepare a photosensitive solution and explore its properties. While analyzing the solution, one will learn how to successfully handle these sensitive chemicals and then establish its properties via spectrophotometry.
The use of nano-materials and extreme precision micro-engineering has the potential for great improvement in the world of electronics and information technology by providing smaller, faster, and more powerful computers and this has been at the forefront of the nanotechnology commercialization . Great examples of how nanotechnology is currently being used in these fields are products such as processors, data storage, and memory components made with nano-materials, TVs, monitors and even smartphone screens that use organic light-emitting diodes (OLED), and waterproof electronics such as smartphones due to the application of nano-coatings
If coatings do not penetrate or adhere to the surface well, water can permeate through the coating and cause displacement, further causing corrosion. Factors to prevent this from occurring include reducing the surface tension, viscosity and solvent blend of the coating, and increasing the application temperature and curing time. Coatings are only considered to be a primary defence, and it is therefore recommended to be used alongside another corrosion defence mechanism.
30-33). Edexcel Limited. Jenkins, A., Kratochvíl, P., Stepto, R. F., & Suter, U. W. (2009). Glossary of Basic Terms in Polymer Science. Pure and Applied Chemistry , 68 (12), 2287-2311.
In order to fix these shortcomings, Mark Kendall and his team have come up with a solution called Nanopatch. The Nanopatch technology is made with
2. Water molecules are cohesive so, they can bond (hydrogen bond) to one another. Water molecules are also adhesive that means they can bond to other polar surfaces. Water also has a strong surface tension because the water molecules are more attracted to one another than to the air.
When the spatulas come in contact with a surface the nanostructures stick onto the surface by dipole-dipole interactions called van der Waals interactions. One seta can create almost 200 N. There are more than 3 million setae in both their feet combined thereby proving that
This part exposed us to many property changes in these various objects after a substance was added to their surface. There were SOAR instruments that observed both at 30X and 200X, which allowed for close observing. We were able to collect a sufficient amount of data because we were able to examine the reaction with our naked eye, but also a low and high magnification. Being provided with the instruments to make satisfactory observations made this procedure adequate. Therefore, there are not any suggestions that could be made to improve this
During this lab, we investigated the relationship between the surface and the appearance of the blood drop. The thinner the material of the surface, the more the blood drop absorbed into the paper. The height of the drop and the angle of impact were also contributing factors. The diameter of a drop increased with the height of the drop. In addition, we found that when a blood drop hits the surface at a 90 degree angle, a circular stain is produced. As the degree of impact decrease, the blood drops begin to trail towards the bottom of the
Moisture Scavengers controls the effects of humidity in the application of two-component. The moisture scavenger must be rapidly react with water to avoid carbon dioxide bubbles generation or any undesired byproducts, so, due to the rabid hydrolysis of the Vinyltrimethoxy silane in the acidic water [14], it can be used as moisture scavenger in polyurethane coatings, where the hydrolysis products are 3 moles of methanol and on mole of vinyl silanol (Scheme 1). The hydrolysis mechanism involves the protonation of the leaving Methoxy group followed by a bimolecular SN2-type displacement of the leaving group by water. The methanol will volatile along with the other solvents from the coating surface but the formed vinyl silanol will remain in the
When exposed to sunlight, the the top layer of plasmonic nanoparticle discs produces hot electrons. After this step is complete, it is vital that the hot electrons are alienated from the electron holes, in order to preserve their energy. The middle layer of aluminum plays its part, as it causes for the electron holes to gravitate toward it. The bottom layer of nickel oxide traps the hot electrons, while allowing for the electron holes to pass through. If the device is immersed in water, the molecules can then be broken down into simpler
Due to hydrogen bonds present and the polarity of water, this gives water a set of unique properties, the first one being cohesion. Understanding that water molecules are polar, meaning that the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule, forming hydrogen bonds. Due to hydrogen bonding, water molecules are attracted to each other, allowing for the development of surface tension. One example of this is the lab experiment featuring water droplets being placed on a penny. Due to water’s polarity, other water molecules are attracted to each other. On the penny, a dome-like structure of water was created on the penny, as water molecules are more attracted to each other than the oxygen surrounding them, creating