Contaminated Gutta Percha

Aims: To evaluate the residual antimicrobial effects and surface alterations of gutta percha disinfected with four different solutions.

The camera cannot be sterilized. The mirror sleeve can be sterilized by dry heat at 180°C only, no autoclave. If the camera is visibly soiled, use a lint free cloth or paper towel with soap. The camera is a semi critical instrument. This means it needs to be disinfected with a mediate or high level disinfectant. Due to chemical build up from the disinfectant, wipe the camera with a sterol lap sponge. Then to clean the lens, take a cotton swab and dip it in rubbing alcohol. Gently wipe the lens until the surface is clean. This will remove any streaks from the disinfectant.

There was no reported advantage in the use of antimicrobial agents in the prevention of CAUTI. The use of disposable wipes impregnated with chlorhexidine had favorable results in CAUTI prevention, but no more so than soap and water and was considerably more expensive. The use of bath basins, the traditional practice in patient hygiene care, reportedly can increase CAUTI rates due to the high levels of bacterial contamination found in the used

Purell brand owner, Gojo Industries is not allowed to make claims as to which “germs” the product is actually effective against. This leaves a vague and questionable definition of “germs” and the reliability of the product. There have been numerous research conducted on the effects of Purell on various types of bacteria and viruses and its ability to kill 99.9% of germs but not a lot of data shows how effective Purell is. Studies over the last few years concluded that washing your hands with soap and water is still probably the most adequate way to remove germs. But “effective” is a questionable and subjective term. Health officials recommend hand washing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds (Wanjek). Alcohol-based sanitizers can kill most types of microorganisms just within a few seconds. At the same time, rubbing your hands with sanitizer can be ideal, poor hand-sanitizer use beats the point of poor hand hygiene. But if you are having a busy day and it is difficult to get to a sink, then carrying a bottle of Purell would still be a good

I placed two sealants on a 16 year old female. I placed one of tooth #15 and one on tooth #21. I had an assistant to help with lighting, etching, and rinsing. According to Wilkins, the four hand method with an assistant should be used to control moisture and to work efficiently and save time (Wilkins, 2013, p.545). The sealants turned out better than I expected, and I did not have to shave any extra material off after I had completed. This patient now has a total of six eight sealants. Dr. Rainey was afraid the material would not bond well to the pits of her other teeth, due to shallow pits and

-large ring of inhibition around disk, bacteria growth is circular around ring, not growing over

Apical periodontitis occurring after Root Canal Treatment presents a more complex etiologic & therapeutic situation than Primary Apical Periodontitis. There is a universal consensus that intra-radicular infection is an essential cause of primary as well as a major contributor of post treatment apical periodontitis. Enterococcus faecalis is the most commonly implicated microorganism in asymptomatic persistent infections1,2.

The ‎materials are either resin based or glassionomer based sealants. Resin composite sealant ‎show high retention rate to enamel and high mechanical properties compared to ‎glassionomer (4), however its success is compromised when the operative field cannot be ‎isolated as in permanent molars that are not fully erupted or primary molars in children. In ‎such clinical situation, glassionomer is highly recommended (5). It does not require ‎etching procedures prior to application which decrease the moisture sensitivity. in ‎addition to the anticariogenic properties, which resulted in to great decrease in caries ‎incidence even after the sealant is disappeared

OMMENTARY Proper cleansing to create a wound environment optimal for healing is perhaps the key component of acute and chronic wound management. Cleansing methods often differ among individual health care providers, institutions, and facilities and many times are based on individual experiences and personal preferences.1,2 A variety of cleansing solutions exist, and their selection should be based on cleansing effectiveness and lack of cytotoxicity. Is tap water safe and effective when used as a cleanser to attempt to create a wound environment for optimal healing? Many cleansing solutions have demonstrated safe and effective results, whereas others may damage and destroy cells essential to the healing

The pre-disinfection of the lab bench showed colonies of bacteria and mold, however, post-disinfection showed neither bacteria nor mold. Because of the smooth surface of the lab bench, when we cleaned the area with disinfectant, the microorganisms were wiped out completely. This not only showed the effectiveness of disinfection on smooth surfaces, but it also demonstrated that the disinfection of lab bench is important task of the lab procedure. The disinfection of lab bench can reduce the risk of potential contamination during the lab when handling microorganisms. Disinfection of the area which is another way to practice aseptic technique will prevent contamination of the samples by other microorganisms, and it will also prevent any microorganisms to leave out from the lab

Fissure sealants and fluoride therapy are the most important methods of tooth decay prevention that dentists can use on children. This research was performed to study the effects of using local fluoride therapy before fissure sealants and its clinical success rate.

Sentence about endodontics For filling root canals, two main materials are used which are core materials and sealers. Sealers are placed between the dentinal canal walls and the core material. As for core materials, they fill the major part of the prepared canal. According to Ideal properties of obturating materials suggested by Grossman (citation - table), there is no material that satisfy all these criteria. However, one material is universally accepted as a primary obturating material, which is gutta percha. It is considered a turning point in endodontics treatment in the mid-19th century when Sir Jose d Almeida introduced gutta percha in 1843 and it is derived from two words "GETATH" meaning gum and "PERTJA" the name of the Brazilian trees where gutta percha extracted. After two decades in 1867, Bowman used gutta percha as root filling material. Since it has unique properties such as plasticity (become plastic when heated) and compatibility (adaptation to canal walls and root canal system), it is the commonly used filling material. Last sentence

The disadvantage of the placement of implants into the sockets of teeth with periapical lesions is the potential for implant contamination during the initial healing period because of remnants of the infection.(8,13,162)Bacteroides species can inhabit tooth periapical lesions while being encapsulated in a polysaccharide that promotes its virulence, survival, and importance in mixed infections. Bacteroides forsythus has been shown to persist in asymptomatic periradicular endodontic lesions and may survive in

Manuka Honey: honey contains hydrogen peroxide which is what gives it its antibiotic quality however some Manuka honeys have a unusual non- peroxide type of antibacterial activity, Manuka Honey with the non-peroxide characteristic is known as ‘Active Manuka Honey.’ Manuka honey without the non-peroxide characteristic get their antibacterial properties from Hydrogen Peroxide. “ The

Propolis is a dark-brown, resinous material collected by bees from exudates and buds of flowers, mixed with beeswax and β-gucosidase (Pietta et al., 2002). The word propolis (from Greek, pro = for or in defence, and polis = city) shows its importance to bees, since they use it to seal holes in the hives to protect the colony from infection and to cover carcasses of intruders who die inside the hive, avoiding their decomposition (Bankova et al., 2000 and Sforcin et al., 2011). Propolis has been used as medicine due to its diverse biological and pharmacological properties such as immunomodulatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant etc. (Bankova et al., 2000). Its chemical composition includes more than 200 constituents (Marcucci, 1995) for which its biological properties are diverse. Propolis generally consists of 50% vegetable balsams and resins, 30% wax, 10% essential oils, 5% pollen and 5% various other substances (Burdock, 1998). The major constituents of propolis are flavones, flavanones, cinnamic acid, diterpenic acid, polyprenylated benzophenones, caffeic acid esters,