Contamination Of Onion Root Experiment

Experiment 1 (Assignment 3): Using sciccors, leaves from the Geranium plant were cut (Plant A was the bigger leaf and Plant B was the smaller leaf). Then begin to heat up the hot plate to boiling temperature of 100℃. Next one beaker was filled with ⅔ of water and another beaker was filled with ⅓ alcohol. Place the beaker of water onto the hot plate until boiling. To speed up the boiling process put boiling chips into the beaker. Then put Plant A (the leaf exposed to air) into the boiling water for 3-5 minutes. After time is up, using tongs, place Plant A directly into the alcohol solution for another 3-5 minutes. When time is up, take out Plant A and place it into a clean petri dish. Once the plant is properly placed, cover the leaf completely

Take one view of the Onion root tip and count how many cells you see for each stage (you have to see ALL stages – ‘0’ is not an option – switch views if you cannot find all stages).

Making the onion tip root cell slide was successful. Our results supported the hypothesis because we saw cells in the onion root tip in prophase, metaphase, and anaphase. As we went up in power objectives, each phase of the cell became more definitive. The cell root was a great indicator of the structures of the different cycles of the cell. This is important because we will be prepared for future labs working with the microscopes and can now adjust it for the best view of the slide. We practiced working with the compound light microscopes and different phases of the cell cycle. Onion root tips are useful to observe mitosis because the cells are frequently diving as the root grows. So when we stained the cell, we caught many cells in different phases. The significance of this lab was to better understand the process and stages of mitosis and meiosis and compare and contrast the mitotic process in plants and animals. We grasped the concepts of what the chromosomes look like, and what they look like in each step of the processes. Having read much about mitosis and meiosis, seeing these cells was the real application of describing and understanding the stages.

1. The epidermal layer of an onion is scaled off carefully and placed on a drop of distilled water on the glass slide;

Give the water a chance to bubble. Cut the onion into pieces (15 mm thick) and cook them for 15 minutes. Expel them from the warmth and abandon them for 10 minutes. At that point, you have

In our experiment we can conclude that the control/water can’t kill fungus you would need some type of alcohol chemical or even our daily hand soap to kill the fungus. The experiment wasn’t quite what we were expecting because we thought the fungus would grow more on the control and soap, but the soap didn’t get a whole bunch of fungus. Another thing that didn’t we expecting was the hand sanitizer because it was 70 percent ethyl alcohol so we were expecting less fungus than we got. Our hypothesis was if fungus grow on soap, water, or hand sanitizer, then no chemical can kill fungus. The hypothesis was and was not prove correctly because you need water and some sort of hand cleaner (like soap) to get your hands clean. The fungus can’t dead by

The cell membrane (Plasma membrane) functions to provide cell support, cell stability and control entry and exit of materials from the cell. This study was conducted to test the effects of environmental conditions such as the on beet root cell membrane (Beta vulgaris). Five trials using varied pH concentrations were tested and absorbance rates were monitored. The experimental results showed that the protein function decreased sequentially when the pH decreased. This allowed the betacyanin dye to leak out which created the color that was needed to determine the intensity and therefore the effect of the circumstances. This supported the hypothesis that the more acidic or basic the environmental condition around the beet cell, the more permeable the, membrane indicated by color intensity. Pigment leakage in the solution was analyzed by using a spectrophotometer.

For this experiment, we were testing the effect of the growth hormone IAA on the rate of mitosis in onion roots. We hypothesized that if the growth hormone was added to the onion, the rate of mitosis would be faster than that of the control and our null hypothesis was that differences in numerical results are due to chance only . To test this, filled two cups with sand and put an onion plant in each, then added IAA solution to one cup and control solution (water and ethyl alcohol) in the other. After covering each cup and plant with plastic wrap, we waited for them to grow overnight. When they had done so, we took the plants out of the cups and cut off any roots that had grown, stained them, crushed them, and prepared slide with them, then

A trifluralin solution that was 98% pure and “Yellow Globe” onion bulbs were used to test this hypothesis. The control solution consisted of equal quantities of methanol and other chemicals in distilled water. The bulbs were put inside containers filled with distilled water and left to root for three days. The water was dumped and changed twice a day. After the three days were over, the bulbs were transported to bottles containing the solutions. Wheat seeds were

This report’s purpose is to display results of how seeds grow and germinate under different levels of acidity in different environments. The experiment completed used corn and pea seeds in plastic bags with paper towels soaked in water with a pH of 5, a water-vinegar mix with a pH of 4, and vinegar with a pH of 3. Seeds were tested in different environments that included a controlled light source with 12 hours of light per day, and an environment that has natural light through a window. The experiment was completed for 18 days where results showed that acidity has a great affect on a seed’s growth and germination. Results displayed that a higher pH of a solution, tap water, produced a larger growth, whereas the lower pH, vinegar, produced

This data shows a strange outcome, in the hypothesis; it says that “If acid is introduced to the seed during germination, then the roots will not grow as long as the seeds that are given water”. This statement proves to be untrue, because the roots grew longer with stronger acid than weaker acid, and in some, cases, grew better with strong acid than it did in water. This may be true because of the acid growth theory. The acid growth theory states that auxins cause the elongation of stem cells by promoting wall loosening. It was determined that this wall loosening is caused by hydrogen ions. This idea and subsequent supporting data gave rise to the acid growth theory, which states that when exposed to auxins, susceptible cells excrete protons into the wall at an enhanced rate, which in turn decreases the pH in the wall. The lowered wall pH then activates the wall loosening process which is essentially doing the same thing as the auxin hormone.

Plants are organisms that can reproduce sexually through meiosis and create more cells through mitosis (Russell et al. 2013). For studying mitosis, the common onion is an ideal choice. Because it is easy for onions to germinate without soil, it is easy to control any substances provided to the plant. The onion root tips are only a few cells thick and grow quickly making them ideal for time efficiency. The onion root tip needs to be squashed between the cover slip and the microscope in order to reduce the slide preparation’s total depth. To dye condensed chromosomes, such as those undergoing mitosis, a stain is used to make

To observe mitosis in onion root tip cells and record the different phases of mitosis.

plants. This result indicated ~40% and ~20% reduction in root length of WT compared to

A small square of a red onion skin (membrane) was observed under a microscope at high power (X40) magnification. The observation showed a large number of onion cells. The structure of one onion cell had a general rectangular shape with a developed cell wall, which gives the rectangular shape to the cell and a cell membrane just beneath it.