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Continual Improvement (Total Quality Management)

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1. Introduction Statistical process control refers to a statistical method used to separate variation produced b y special causes and varation produced by natural causes. This is done so that it is possible to eliminate the special causes and to establish and maintain consistency in the process, allowing the process to be improved. A Process refers to everything that is done in a workplace. Multiple factors affect these processes and they are usually refered to as the Five M’s. The Five M’s are, the Machines employed, Materials used, the Methods(manuals for labour) provided, the Measurements taken, and the Manpower(workers) who operate the process. When all Five M’s are conformed(no misadjustments in the machines, no flaws in the …show more content…

It shows how the process changes over time by measuring the number of defects or occurrences found in the sampled subgroup, per item or group of items. What defects or occurrences mean is that any characteristics are present but they are not supposed to be there, or some characteristics that are supposed to be present but are not there. Fig 2.4: C Chart sample Np chart The Np chart is similar to c chart in a way that the data collected in subgroups are of the same size. However it shows how the process changes over time by measuring the number of nonconforming items it produces. Fig 2.5: nP chart sample 2.2 Task 1 2.2.1 Background Info: The government invites two companies to bid for a contract to produce 100 flight-line avionics maintenance systems. The design is owned by the Air Force and the Air Force will provide all necessary documentation to the successful bidder. Both companies understand the requirements of the contract and both are equipped and have the know-how to manufacture the devices. Company ABC, with no SPC experience, develops a conservative proposal, accounting for 25% rework in its manufacturing labor costs, padding materials costs by 10% in anticipation of scrap work and allowing for inspection sufficient to expose out most of the defects - calculated at 20%

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