Controlling Cell Fate in Zebrafish

Other animals that are typically used in experiments are rats and mice. Doctors find these species very accommodating when they study different genetic experiments. The mice reproduce very quickly; thus the doctors can view the experiment of genes over several

To begin, experimenting on animals is good because it helps to create medicines and different health products that are safe for humans. It is crucial to human health. It saves millions of human lives each year. It helps scientists to develop various drugs, vaccines, and antibiotics. Professor Sir George Radda explained in the article “Animal Research: A Necessary Measure” that “Animal research is essential to tackling major twenty first century health problems such as cancer and heart disease. Without the use of animals it would be impossible, in many cases, to develop drugs or any sort of medical treatment” (Radda). Testing on animals is something that is needed to be done to create many different health and medical products. As the quote explains, it has helped experts a lot with tackling the problem of cancer and heart disease. In addition, animals closely resemble humans, which helps scientists to create different medical treatments, and ensure that they are safe for human use. That also helps doctors in the surgical field, to make sure they do not mess up. As Rebecca Weitz explained in the article “Animal Research: A Necessary Measure,” that “Surgical protocol for modern day kidney surgery was only made possible by first experimenting and perfecting it on dogs. Potential cures for cancer that are currently underway would not be possible without the availability of animal experimentation” (Weitz). This quote shows that without the use of animals, various medical treatments would be very difficult, and maybe even impossible. Animal experimentation provides a safe zone, and not having it for things could be potentially deadly. It also makes doctors able to perfect things like surgery without harming humans. Overall, animals play a huge role in making sure

Oswald’s study on the restoration theory of sleep attempts to explain why animals sleep. Oswald suggests that sleep is the time when the body removes waste, replenishes its levels of neurotransmitters in preparation for the next day and carries out repairs to damaged cells and growth could occur. In regards to Oswald NREM is a time for replenishing the body , especially stages 3 and 4 which occur at the start of the night when the body is the most tired. During stages 3 and 4 we secrete greater levels of growth hormone in the blood which helps in the repair process, seeming to offer support to his theory.

2013;90:118–126). Zebrafish are not only cost-efficient, but also easy to house. Therefore, they are considered ideal species for studying genetic mutations and molecular pathways (Ali S, et al.2012;228:272–283). Zebrafish are known to be social animals, which is an effective representation of human nature. Zebrafish also make very good research models to test for long-term stress disorders since they have the ability to show a wide variety of behavioral changes that can be observed in human

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are a popular freshwater fish that have been modified by researchers to produce several transgenic strains. The strain of transgenic zebrafish that express fluorescent colors have been given the name Glofish, for they contain different fluorescent proteins such as Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP), Yellow Fluorescent Protein (YFP), Blue Fluorescent Protein (BFP), or Purple Fluorescent Protein (PFP) (Vick, B. M., A. Pollak, C. Welsh, J. O. Liang, 2012). There are several benefits of using Glofish as a model to portray and understand inheritance patterns of transgenic genes. Glofish are small size in size, produce a high number of progeny, have similar genetic control to humans,

Our hypothesis was supported by the data that we collected. Our theory was that the more caffeine a zebrafish was exposed to, the more likely it was to develop abnormalities in development (specifically nervous system development). The experiment determined that, in only 96 hours, high amounts of caffeine exposure slowed the development of the central nervous system, which ultimately resulted in the destruction of the embryo.

Do you think animals should be used in biomedical research? I don’t think so because the treatment of the animals in the process is inhumane, especially in the film “Black Fish”. In another article” I Acknowledge Mine” Jane Goodall was watching a tape of the apes in the lab, after that she and her partners were crushed. So she decided to take a look for herself and what she found was unpleasant.

By studying animals we learn more about illnesses that afflict human beings and other animals. Animals are used to develop, test, and make new medical products. We should use a variety of animals for research because we can get new cures, learn about new human and animal anatomy, learn new information, and what affects the animals’ bodies as well as ours, although most of experimenting and testing does harm to the animals unfortunately.

Animals should be used for research because it helps find cures. Animals are closely linked to humans in DNA. It is the best way not to test on human nor cause any problems that don't need to be caused if the scientist uses animals for these test projects it will be safer for humans. Animal research has played a vital part in every breakthrough in medicine and it has lasted over a decade It's the best the human race can do for testing. They have been used for vaccines and other cure that have changed the human race (Animal science).

Zebrafish is native to the southeastern Himalayan region (Burma, Nepal, India) and has its origin from the river Ganges in India. In most fish, growth (hypertrophy & hyperplasia) continues throughout life making them an important model for understanding the hormonal regulation of growth (Mommsen 2001). Zebrafish are useful in studies on the endocrinologic aspect of fish. The overall control of growth begins in the brain, although local factors in each tissues are also important. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GNRH) is synthesized in nerve cells in the brain of Zebrafish as in other vertebrates. After secretion, GHRH binds its receptor on the surface of somtotroph cells in the anterior pituitary to release growth hormone(GH), which in

Campbell and Farrell define proteins as polymers of amino acids that have been covalently joined through peptide bonds to form amino acid chains (61). A short amino acid chain comprising of thirty amino acids forms a peptide, and a longer chain of amino acids forms a polypeptide or a protein. Each of the amino acids making up a protein, has a fundamental design that comprises of a central carbon or alpha carbon that is bonded to a hydrogen element, an amino grouping, a carboxyl grouping, and a unique side chain or the R-group (Campbell and Farrell 61).

The zebrafish, another marine model organism, was also selected due to its short life cycle and rapid embryological development. Moreover, the zebrafish have nearly transparent embryo cells, making the embryos easily accessible, and allowing developmental events to be easily observed. As a result of numerous similarities in development when compared to other vertebrates, the zebrafish has solidified its position as a model organism. Most importantly, the zebrafish is an effective model organism because both experimental embryologic methods and genetic analysis can be easily applied to it (Grunwald and Eisen 2002).

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential organelle that is a major place for the biogenesis of cellular components including proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates and internal calcium storage. ER is primarily responsible for protein translocation, protein folding and protein post modification. Proper folding of protein in the ER is accomplished with the aid of ER resident proteins or enzymes such as chaperones. Binding of chaperones to

There are three main reasons why animals are used in experiments are research on disease, behavior, and education. Research of how the cells function and how disease works. What causes the disease? What can prevent those diseases and how to cure them? Research’s test drugs, chemicals, or products to determine safety and effectiveness.

Using animals for experiments and tests can be more useful than using lab tools and chemicals for many reasons. Using animals can actually show you what could happen to humans, but when just using lab tools the scientists can’t actually see what problems the humans could face. Using animals can also be useful when you do not know what kind of chemical you are looking for. The changes in the gene expression patterns give clues about what kind of chemical is used.