Convergence in Internet and Technology

But how does it work? The internet, based on the concept of “packet switching”, involves the travelling of small packets of data over one or more networks (Frenzel, 2013). This can be compared to “electronic postcards”, meaning that “a computer generates a piece of data and flings it into the net, just like the postal system, except 100 million times faster” (Cerf, 2013). This concept allows one computer to speak to many different computers around the network by sending out these “electronic postcards”. However, before these networks can work seamlessly together, they must use a common protocol, or set of rules for transmitting and receiving these packets of data. There are several protocols currently in use, including the OSI Model, the TCP/IP Model, UDP, HTTP, and FDP (Mitchell, 2014), but the most commonly used is Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (Gilmer, 2011). Even as early as 1977, TCP/IP was being used by other networks to link to ARPANET (Kozierok,

Carr explains that the net has become essential to internet users work, school, or social lives, and often with all three. And there are, of course, many people who do not use the internet at all, either because they can’t afford it or because they don’t want to. The scope of its use unprecedented, even by the standards of the mass media of the twentieth century. The net commands our attention with far greater insistency than our television

Q1. The growth of Internet and computer technologies have created new opportunities to better serve the corporations and consumers. Describe 3 new technologies that have changed the ways people communicate or the ways companies conduct their business.

It has been framed keeping the limitations of IPv4 in mind. One of the important features of IPv6 is the 128 bit address space, which will probably not be exhausted in the foreseeable future. IPv4 was having the drawback of no provision for mobility and security. Both these features needed to be added in somewhat patch-work way as the need for mobility and security evolved. Thus, IPv6 has been designed keeping both the provision for security and mobility right from the

The internet was invented around the early 1960s with the research of Packet switching. What they called ARPANET led to the development of the internetworking, where multiple networks could be joined together over to create a network of networks. IP defined by RFC791 was the first widely used versions of the internet protocol. This was known as version four, this would make you think that there were three other versions of IP before this version however, there really was not. IPv4 was originally designed for an internetwork, a fraction of what the size of the internet is today. IPv4 has served its purpose very well, however with the growth of the internet it was just a matter of time before they would need to create a new version of IP. The development of a new version IP would began in the mid-1990s. The new version of IP is known as Internet Protocol version Six (IPv6) or sometimes called IP next generation or IPng. One of the biggest questions that came about when the announcement of IPv6 was what Happened to IPv5. “The answer is: it doesn 't exist. While this may seem confusing, version 5 was in fact intentionally skipped to avoid confusion, or at least to rectify it.” (Tcpipguide.com, 2014) If you consider just how much the internet has grown over the years you will notice that IPv4 has done its job very well, however as discussed it has been apparent for many years now that the limitation of IPv4 would be reached. This is where IPv6 comes into play. IP play such a

In the essay “The Net Is a Waste of Time” by William Gibson, he talks about how he is an “avid browser of the World Wide Web.” While people find this to be odd and his wife finds it positively perverse, Gibson thinks differently saying “I, however, scent big changes afoot, possibilities that were never quite as manifest in earlier incarnations of the Net” (Gibson 691). While some people think he is wasting his time with the web, he believes it will be the tool of the future. Even though the internet has greatly changed since Gibson wrote this essay, I believe that the internet will continue to grow, and will become a bigger part of our everyday lives.

We are increasingly consolidating our information sources, forcing the Internet to be “our map and our clock, our printing press and our typewriter, our calculator and our telephone, and our radio and TV” (Carr).

Its increasing importance has been recognized by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) which, through the Committee on Information, Computer and Communications Policy (ICCP), has initiated a number of streams of work within the broad context of The Future of the Internet. (OECD, 2006)

This technology will be helping us to do some daily chores easier, for example, we will have gotten the ability to get information just in seconds, and in many cases it can help us, for example while you are driving at night and you don’t feel too confident on the road,

to the continued growth of the Internet. IPv6 was first known as the Next Generation

One area were IPv6 trumps IPv4 is address space. IPv4 is a 32 bit address and provides about 4.3 billion internet addresses. IPv6 is 128 bit address and provides about 340 trillion internet addresses. Since the earth is around 7 billion in population, IPv4 is no longer enough for all the devices on earth. Because of IPv4 limitations, the implementation of IPv6 became more of a necessity. This abundant number of IPv6 addresses makes it more than enough for every person on earth to have billions of addresses for every device they own. (Infographic: IPv4 vs IPv6).

By this report I would like to explain the reasons for why IPV6 may be adopted later rather than sooner. This report provides an information about what is IP, brief background on next version of IP, IPv6. A review of the differences between IPv4 and IPV6, transition to ipv6, the features and benefits of IPv6,barriers of IPV6,what are the risks will occur while moving to IPV6 from IPV4.

The internet matured in the 1970's as a result of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), which is sill used today. It was adopted by the U.S. Department of Defense in 1980, and universally adopted in 1983. The usage of TCP/IP is what unites all elements of the net. Both public domain and commercial implementations of the roughly one hundred protocols of the TCP/IP protocol suite became available in the 1980's. During the early 1990's, Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocol implementations also became available by the end of 1991, the Internet has grown to include some 5,000 networks in over three dozen countries, serving over 700,000 host computers used be over 4,000,000 people. By December 1996, about 627,000 Internet domain names had been registered and now there are more than 30 million registered.

Until that day comes I will fondly remember the days of IPv4, Sub Netting, and worrying whether or not the servers will have enough addresses to give out to new users. I will however fully embrace the days of IPv6. More addresses for everyone, no need to worry if we will run out with the next device that comes out. With everyone having a phone, desktop, laptop, tablet, and now watch that can connect to the internet, we are indeed in desperate need for more addresses. Thankfully with the deployment of IPv6 we will have nothing to worry

Knowing all of this and how far the internet has already come…I realized how much farther the internet really has left to go. In a small window of time, the internet has had an extraordinary impact on how people live their daily lives. It gives the human mind the capability to access new ideas, information and endless possibilities. Which leads to the chronological question, if this is what the internet can do now, what will the future of the internet look like? Even though the internet has already had a significant impact on society thus far, nobody saw it coming even though everybody could predict it. In a world that is constantly changing, the internet is constantly adapting. The true computer revolution has begun but only cracked the surface into the boundless levels it has the capability to reach. In the future the internet will expand in three major areas, speed, intelligence and connection.