Coronary Heart Disease Analysis

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in Australia's population. This is because the disease is also diagnosed with other conditions like renal and chronic kidney diseases. Cardiovascular disease extends at the end-stage of renal disease and is present even in moderate settings of chronic kidney disease. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2000), cardiovascular disease has a high prevalence rate in the population, making it a public health concern. The disease is the leading cause of death in the nation, and is causing considering burden on the population like illness, economic costs, and disability (Samani & van der Harst, 2008). The disease is also a public health concern for it affects both adults and children of all races and ethnicities. This analysis explores the scope of the disease among Australia's population, its effect on the population, mortality and morbidity studies, and social determinants of health.

Based on a 24 Hour Recall of my diet, results using NutriCalc Plus report that my food intake lacked a healthy balance of all food groups. My Grain intake reached only 60% of the My Plate daily recommendations. My Vegetable intake was a mere 50% of the recommended servings. Additionally, I consumed 84% of the daily recommendations for the Dairy Group. Nonetheless, I did exceed the recommendations for the Fruit Group and Protein Group with intakes of 155% and 107%, respectively.

Over the past few decades, deficiencies of essential nutrients have drastically diminished, many infectious diseases have been reduced, and most of the U.S. population can now foresee a long and productive life. In the meantime, rates of chronic diseases hefty portion of which are identified with poor quality diet and physical activity has increased. About half of all American grown-up have one or more preventable, diet-related chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes, and overweight and obesity.

Social determinants of cardiovascular diseases are found largely outside the healthcare systems, social factors of cause-and-effect work with traditional risk factors within the health care system to determine ones overall health.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the major health problem that most of the countries are facing today and one of such countries is Australia. It is estimated that about 1 million of Australian population is affected by cardiovascular diseases and is among the leading cause of death in Australia ("Department of Health | Cardiovascular disease", 2016). It is also observed that the Aboriginal population of Australia is more likely to develop cardiovascular disease than other Australians ("Department of Health | Cardiovascular disease", 2016). In order to examine the health issue such as cardiovascular disease among Aboriginal men and women using social

Lifestyle choices and behaviours are amongst the factors that are most easily controlled by the individual themselves. It is our choice to smoke, eat foods that are high in sugar and fat and not exercise. These are three of the leading factors that can cause coronary heart disease (N.Gledhill, personal communication, 2004) and yet thousands of people continue to do it because they are not aware, nor have they been informed, of the negative effects simple lifestyle behaviours can have on ones body. If one is not educated about certain facts and insights, how are they expected to make an informed, or even a wise, decision? Therefore, a lack of education has a strong influence on the health of an individual for the reason that they are unable to make proper and healthy lifestyle choices. A study conducted on the association between educational attainment and other determinants of health on the elderly yielded results that showed:

Dietary decisions are frequently impressionable and can sway between generations or cultures frequently. Often these shifts in the popular beliefs about diet are fueled by scientific studies or doctors, you can simply examine the impact of Dr. Oz T.V. program or remember the popularity of the Atkins diet to see how quickly these shifts can happen. One such claim that can be found is that, high levels of dietary cholesterol is the leading cause of heart disease and obesity. Katherine Pett of Nutrition Wonk examines a trend within the scientific community in which over simplification and misrepresentation can skew work that has existed for over half of a decade.

Heart disease, also known cardiovascular disease, is an illness like none other; it takes an unfortunate toll on the body and causes many malfunctions. People who deal with this disorder suffer from problems such as heart attacks, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and more. Although heart disease is a major concern for many people, it is not as prevalent for those in certain parts of the world. This paper compares the rates of heart disease in the United States versus those in Japan. After studying this disease and how it affects people around the world, it is clear that Americans have much higher rates of heart disease than the Japanese, mainly because of risk factors, like poor diets and lack of exercise. By studying the history of heart disease in both countries, the implications of the disorder, and different populations impacted, it is clear that heart disease is a major epidemic around the world. The evidence that reports the differences of heart disease rates between America and Japan is astounding.

The United States has progressed from a rural, agricultural nation to an urbanized industrial one in just the last two centuries. Through this the transformation of the American lifestyles have changed drastically. Other countries focus on eating well, excercise, and taking enough time to eat and enjoying what they are eating. One lifestyle that many Americans have adapted to is the Western Diet, but today around the world the Western Diet is not viewed as the most nutritious or beneficial diet for humans. The nutritional patterns of high-fat and cholesterol, high protein, high sugar, and excessive salt intake, as well as the excessive consumption of processed fast foods has collectively defined the Western Diet. Even though this type of

Healthy Together Victoria (HTV) is a project that is funded by the State Government of Victoria and the Australian Government via the National Partnership Agreement on Preventive Health (NPAPH). This project aims to improve Victorian’s health by applying integrated health promotion approach. This program is a complex systems approach to help to reduce the risk factors of chronic disease such as obesity and diabetes-type 2 among Victorian people. This approach focuses on addressing health risk factors that impact on people’s health and wellbeing, families and communities. The purpose of HTV is to create the health promoting environments in the place where Victorian spend almost their time such as school, workplace, shops, child care centers, food court, and sporting clubs. These are places where Victorian study, live, work and play (Healthy Together Victoria (HTV), n.d).

It brings coordinated action through communities and individuals that leads to prosperous health outcomes and social policies that garners stronger equity. HF’s communal action contributes to making sure there are safer services, healthier public service, and more enjoyable environments. HF’s overall aim with policy is to make the healthier choice the easier choice for health policy makers. It also provides constant messages all over the website on the dangers and risks of unhealthy eating lifestyles and smoking lifestyles, therefore resulting in an increased chance of the individual quitting that lifestyle choice/choices. HF’s extensive research may also uncover a breakthrough in terms of treating CVD, and will provide the government with data to strategically target how to get through to individuals in their communities and CVD awareness programs. This data will also show the health and the financial burden of CVD throughout Australia on families, the community, and government. All in all, Heart Foundation succeeds at Building Healthy Public Policy as it leads individuals to be more aware of their health consequences of their decisions in life, brings together an organisational change through various but supporting approaches, and finally, it brings coordinated action through communities and individuals that leads to prosperous health outcomes and social policies that garners stronger

When it comes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) the socio-ecological model allows for an illustrated overview of what factors directly influences health issues in a particular environment. This models caterogorize interrelations broken down by environmental and personal factors. In the Hispanic community 21.3% of the girls was ranked as not taking a part in any physical activity which comes as no surprise that heart disease is ranked higher in women then men. Although people are responsible for their own health where one lives, work, play, and go to school has a lot to do with their influences and attitudite in how they will address issues as it pertains to their health. With the socio-ecology model what it does is show all the most effective

Cardiovascular disease is the top killer of women and men in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). It is predicted by the CDC that an American will have a severe cardiac event in about every 25 seconds. By reducing or eliminating controllable risk factors, one “could prevent or postpone substantially more deaths from CHD” (Capewell et al., 2010, p. 120). Heart disease, which researchers may refer to as coronary artery disease (CAD), CHD, or cardiovascular disease (CVD), can be avoided or “reduced by taking steps to prevent and control factors that put people at greater risk” (CDC, 2011). Correlating risk factor of heart disease include obesity, high cholesterol, diabetes, hypertension, unhealthy diet, secondhand

The Heart and Stroke foundation fails to acknowledge that low income and poor living conditions are major leading causes of CVD and that living a “healthy lifestyle” has very little to do with preventing heart disease. From my own personal experience, when I was in elementary school , every single year a representative from the Heart and Stroke foundation would come to my school and talk about heart disease and how to prevent it. They put major emphasis on eating healthy and engaging in regular exercise. They would hand out jumping ropes and healthy eating charts to every student. For years I was under the impression that heart disease could be prevented if I ate my fruits and veggies, exercise regularly, and didn’t smoke, it wasn’t until I read these articles how far off the Heart and Stroke foundation is regarding the leading causes of CVD. These traditional disease associations unfortunately don’t even acknowledge the effects of adverse social determinants of health, and more often than not lessen how social determinants of health even acknowledge “healthy lifestyle choices” to be formed by those who are most vulnerable to these diseases (Raphael, 2014a). The Majority of people are under the impression that if they were

This report seeks to examine the justification of cardiovascular disease (CVD) as an Australian National Health Priority Area. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most preventable forms of CVD, and its incidence is disproportionally high in middle-aged males (Keys et al., 1972). Therefore, this report will focus on CHD and the effectiveness of physical activity as a preventative intervention towards CHD in middle-aged males.