Coronary Heart Disease Case Study

There are other risk factors that affect a person’s chances of developing coronary artery disease such as obesity, high blood pressure (hypertension), diabetes, lack of regular exercise, high-fat diet, and emotional stress. These other risk factors are preventable and can be changed with daily exercise, eating healthy options, and making healthy daily choices for your heart and body.

The following summary is an updated case study of a 47 year old male patient, Jim who was diagnosed with Coronary Artery Disease. The patient did receive information on what CAD is and was informed that test were needed to fully diagnose and be evaluated for underlying conditions (high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol levels, diabetes and blockage. I will discuss the type of test needed for this condition and tests for any underlying conditions that are related to this disease. The type of treatment needed to control and lower his risk factor. I will also give the patient information about complementary and alternative medicine so the patient will be well informed about different types of treatment. The patient will be informed about the prognosis of the disease, and the options that the patient has to succeed in the changes in his lifestyle that are needed.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the commonest heart disease in the United States1. Approximately, 29% of patients with Myocardial Infarction ( MI ) present with ST- elevation Myocardial Infarction ( STEMI )2. STEMI is the result of complete occlusion of a major epicardial coronary artery due to thrombus formation. STEMI from a small coronary artery presenting as substantial EKG abnormalities similar to occlusion of a major artery and hemodynamic instability is a rare entity. The epidemiology, typical clinical presentation, outcomes, and optimal management in this group of patients are not sufficiently known.

Her age is not a risk factor, “risk doubles with each decade after age 50.” (Chisholm-Burns, Schwinghammer,

Coronary artery disease (CHD). Coronary artery disease is characterized by damaged or diseased coronary arteries, the major blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen. The major cause of CHD is atherosclerosis, the build-up of fat deposits (plaque) and other cellular waste products on the walls in arteries that cause further inflammation and narrowing or complete blockage of major heart vessels. As a result, the decreased blood flow cause chest pain and shortness of breath. In some cases, a complete blockage occur and can lead to a heart attack (myocardial infarction). Usually, CHD develops slowly and patient might have no symptoms until the complete blockage of coronary arteries and heart attack occur. As happened in Mrs. S case, she was unaware of extent of her coronary arteries damage. After having a cholecystectomy, she developed cardiac complications and suffered an acute MI. Any surgical procedure places and additional emotional and physical stress on the heart and can cause cardiac complications.

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is when blood flow to the heart is temporarily or permanently blocked. This is problematic to the wellbeing of one’s heart, because blood transports the materials (nutrients, minerals, oxygen) that are required for heart muscles (or any muscle) to contract and sustain the life of those cells. Caption #1 shows the muscles in the heart that are affected by CHD. Coronary Heart Disease can be caused by the buildup of plaque (cholesterol) in the arteries which direct blood to the heart, and by the increase in blood pressure.

Choices such as diet and nutrition, physical activity, and weight management all play a role in the risks of developing Coronary Artery Disease. “A healthy diet is one of the best weapons you have to fight cardiovascular disease.” (American Heart Association). What you eat or drink and the amount of food ingested can result in a higher risk of CAD. A diet that contains nutrient-rich foods, fruits, vegetables with a low intake of sweets and red meat lowers this risk exponentially. Excessive alcohol consumption increases the risks as well. Alcohol can raise blood pressure and cause obesity. Physical activity can influence the chances of developing CAD. “Regular, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity helps reduce the risk of heart and blood vessel disease.” (American Heart Association). An inactive lifestyle can equal increased weight gain that leads to more lethal problems in the future. Obesity causes many health issues that can be link to CAD. Diabetes is a perfect example for this. Being overweight increases the risk of developing diabetes, a disease in which a person’s glucose levels need constant control. A sustained weight loss of 3 to 5 percent body weight can reduce a person’s blood pressure, cholesterol and blood glucose, which are all beneficial in efforts to prevent

Mr. Smith has a history of coronary artery disease. Records indicate he has had seven stents in the past, though I do not have primary records for all of these stents. The most recent catheterization I can find in the system is from 2014. At that point in time, he had a 50% in-stent restenosis in the right coronary artery and minimal disease in the left system. His most recent echocardiogram was done in 04/2017 and showed normal left ventricular size and function. He had an EKG in 03/2017, which was consistent with an old inferior infarction but no ischemic changes. No ST or T-waves. His most recent lipid panel was from 05/2017 showing an LDL of 51. He has been maintained on a good cardiac regimen including aspirin, moderate dose of atorvastatin, carvedilol, hydralazine, hydrochlorothiazide, and isosorbide mononitrate.

1. As his nurse, you know that risk factors for cardiovascular disease are fixed or modifiable. Give at least two examples of each. For modifiable risk factors, what can be done to reduce risk?

Coronary Heart Disease also known as CHD is a problem which happens inside your coronary arteries. This substance (called plaque or plank) had a waxy feel and can block or shorten the amount of blood that travels to your heart muscles. This can cause heart failure or angina (discomfort or pain on your chest).

Blood Pressure in Young Women” article it states that, “The three most common risk factors for

Coronary artery disease is a disease that develops following the damage or blockage of arteries serving the heart with blood and oxygen (Hansson, 2005). More often than not, this is because of cholesterol build up on the walls of the artery leading to their blockage. Eventually, this leads to the inflammation of the walls of the arteries causing damage to the arteries. On the other hand, myocardial infarction also called a heart attack is the failure of heart muscles after

MEDICATIONS: (amiodarone) 100 mg daily, lisinopril 2.5 mg daily, simvastatin 20 mg daily, aspirin 1 tablet daily.

The purpose of this study will provide information on the impact of lifestyle choices, leadership style, and anxiety for the development of coronary heart disease in coaches. Additionally, it will help educate high school coaches, how to better understand the importance of how stress can affect their heart health. Most studies have focused on the role of depression, as being an independent risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease in the general population (Barth, Schumacher, & Herrmann-Lingen, 2004). Although evidence suggests that anxiety also has an adverse impact on prognosis in coronary heart disease, the role of anxiety as an etiological risk factor is less clear. Although several studies suggest that anxiety might contribute

In order to reduce or prevent the risk of heart disease, Karen Williams has to modify her diet and her lifestyle now. First of all she has to change her eating habits.