Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure: a Comparison Between Islamic and Conventional Financial Institutions

Islam is more than a religion, it’s a culture, and as such has an effect on political, social, and economic aspects of life—this is especially true outside of the Western world. Followers of Islam believe in full submission to God and this submission is practiced in the secular realm (Taha, 114). Of the five pillars of Islam, one (the zakat) has a direct affect on economic policy and ethics. The culture of Islam has shaped economic and business guidelines In the Islamic World and continues to do so. Cultural ideals attributed to the Qur’an or the Prophet Muhammad, have been a vital source for economic and business practices that have helped to shape the history of many Islamic nations, and are guiding the creation of policies

An Islamic financial institution such as financial banking has been established before two or three decades ago in the aim to provide satisfactory financial facilities to the interested parties as compared to conventional banks. In 1974 Dubai Islamic bank which is the first Islamic commercial bank was established and later Islamic Development Bank (IDB) has been established in 1975 (Hennie and Iqbal, 2008).

The primary model of Islamic managing an account framework came into picture in 1963 in Egypt. Ahmed al Najjar was the boss originator of this bank and the key peculiarities are

In this case study on investment-linked takaful, there are some shariah issues. The following are some but not limited Shariah issues at the conception of the contract, the fund management and at the level of distribution of profit.

Islamic Banking is quite similar to a conventional bank. Only here the essential feature is that it is Interest Free i.e. it purely follows the Islamic law – Sharia’h (Rules) and guided by the Islamic Economics that forbids the both the payment and the receipt of Riba (Interest). The two main principles are basically Banks will share the Profit & Loss (enabling risk sharing) and disallow Interest in any form.

The IFRS are the standards, interpretations and the framework adopted and developed by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) (Freeman, 2014). These set of ac-counting standards would improve comparability of financial information as well as the flow and pricing of capital (Epstein at al 2009). IFRS is becoming the global standard for the prep-aration of company financial statements (Freeman, 2014). International compatible financial statements assist in lending decisions, loan monitoring, and establish international vendor credit and development of other international business relationship (Evans, et al.., 2005).

Islamic Capital Market is a major part of the overall Islamic Financial System especially in providing the component of liquidity to the otherwise illiquid assets. One of the most popular instruments used today in Islamic Capital Market is Sukuk. The structures of Sukuk based on Ijarah, Musharakah, Mudharabah and hybrid forms have evolved. Under any circumstances, these innovations have appeal to many Shari’ah issues and arguments. Therefore, this article aims at analyzing the challenges of realizing Maqasid al-Shari’ah in the Islamic capital market, focusing on sukuk instrument. In particular, this study evaluates on the approach of one of the most popular sukuk structure, namely, sukuk al-Ijarah in the light of the perspective of Maqasid

Shahjanaz Kamaruddin begins this article by stating that Malaysia has developed into becoming a full-fledged Islamic financial system operating in parallel to its conventional counterpart. Islamic finance is based on the Islamic principle of Syariah which is relevant in today’s world. According to the Islamic Finance Development (IFD) Report 2014, Malaysia is the undisputed in sukuk(bond) with a 63% of global market share. Malaysia performs very well across 5 indicators which are quantitative development, knowledge, governance, CSR (corporate social responsibility) and

The International Financial Reporting Standards, otherwise widely known as the IFRS, are a set of high quality financial reporting standards that are designed to be used globally by profit making enterprises. The continuous development of such international standards is an example of the international harmonization witnessed in the global financial sector over

Sadly, Islamic banks and financial institutions are seen as the weak link in the Wes. The wrong perception is about inadequate anti-money laundering (AML) and internal controls. Moreover, in Islamic institutions, the heavy reliance of the industry on cash transactions and on trust within the business communities of Muslim countries have been key areas of concern for Western regulators and institutions.

The shari’ah compliance finance has gained huge popularity among Muslim and non Muslim countries. The Islamic banking and finance has significantly increased an average of 20% to 30% over the last decade and it’s expected to grow fast for the coming years. Despite its fast growing globally and the increasing number of the shari’ah compliance financial institutions, the Muslim minorities in Sweden have no access to any financial service adherent to their religion principles. They are left behind without any functioning Islamic finance institution. Therefore, the Muslim minorities in Sweden are constrained obtaining loans from the Swedish conventional banks as the banks are non shari’ah compliance banks.

The prosperity and peace of a society much or less depends on its economy. While for the smooth running of both, there are several instructions in Islamic Shariah and allows what is right and forbids what is wrong. When we talk about financial issues, Islamic Shariah strictly condemns Riba. The question may arise why Islam prohibits Riba? While it was already in practice before the advent of Islam and still it is a part of different economic systems throughout the world. It is simply because Islam gives respect to human beings and condemns all the attempts that are harmful and disgraceful for humanity. Therefore, Riba is not only forbidden in Islam but economic experts are also in search of its substitute. Since borrowing on interest rate creates several issues including: less efficient allocation of resources, indebtedness, unemployment and economic instability. While in society it causes injustices, inequity, poverty and imbalance etc. In this paper we are discussing how Riba causes imbalance in the society and instead Riba what Islam demands from its followers.

With its assets estimated to total nearly $1 trillion globally, Islamic finance remains tiny compared to conventional finance with its tens of trillions of dollars. The market in Islamic bonds, or sukuk, is believed to total about $50 billion, roughly 1 percent of global bond issuance. In view of the financial crises which have been affecting the whole world, a solution in the name of Islamic finance could be introduced. As the global economic slowdown becomes more severe and protracted, many countries will be seeking alternatives, and Islamic finance can seize these new opportunities by offering standardized Islamic finance products with prudent regulations and supervisory arrangements. The beauty of the Islamic finance lies in its balanced and integrated approach towards a development policy that is urgently called for in the current crisis, caused by the awesome importance attached to the promotion of the financial sector alone. Islamic Finance is a viable alternative to conventional finance.

Islam means surrender before the GOD, because they have faith only in Allah and nothing else and Islam is the complete code of life of the human beings on the earth, it does not only cover the social life of the human beings but it covers also the economy. GOD means generator, operator and destroyer, Quran came through the Revelations made by God to the prophet Mohammed (P.B.U.H) and was compiled in a book form in the life of the third caliph and provides the direction to the human beings for the right actions on the earth. The business is also the part of the right actions for all the Human beings and for the first time on the earth the Mudarbah system meaning Profit and loss Sharing business was performed by the Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H) for his Wife khadija (Rajiallah anhu); before the commencement of the Islam the Mudarbah types of business was not performed by the world business groups and the business transactions were performed by the small and big Merchants on that time only for the sake of benefits and with the motive of acquiring unreasonable interest. In the holy Quran, the four chapters are governed for the business transactions relating against the interest such as Sura Baqra, Sura Nisa,Sura Al Rum and lastly Sura Al Imran and emphasize on the principle of the Free interest economy. In the Islam religion the interest word is used in the Arabic term” Riba” or usury which means excess,exorbitant,pre-determined and unreasonable, because it increases the

Some studies such as [30], [31], [32], Focused on risk management and Islamic banks in the countries of Middle East. Study [32] was conducted on 421 countries Bank Middle and Far East. found that Islamic banks are less vulnerable and more stable and able to cope with the financial crisis compared to conventional banks. The study [30] sees that the most important risks to Islamic banks in the Middle East is the liquidity risk, followed by credit risk, as well as other risks the