Corruption In Developing Countries

Kleptocracy is defined as a state controlled to benefit an individual or small group who use their power to gain “a large fraction of society’s resources” to use for themselves. Kleptocracy “obstruct[s] development” of countries because the money taxpayers entrust to further develop their country through projects such as schools or infrastructure, becomes diverted to certain people for their own personal gain. Daron Acemoglu, Thierry Verdier, and James A. Robinson, writers for the Journal of the European Economic Association, established that kleptocracy runs rampant in “many developing countries.” As a result of this corruption, countries suffer “highly inefficient economic policies” and “expropriated the wealth of their citizens.”

There are few nation-states that one could point to as being truly “corruption-free” (Denmark hosts the most corruption-free gov’t according to Transparency International’s 2014 Corruption Perceptions Index). However, this is a trait that holds back the growth of the whole of society, weakening the disadvantaged and emboldening the powerful. As Transparency International goes on to state:

Flannery O'Connor shows us that not all country people are good in “Good Country People”. At a time in the mid-1950s, three women gather in Mrs. Hopewell’s kitchen on a large southern rural farm in the state of Georgia. Mrs. Freeman works on Mrs. Hopewell’s farm and has done so for the past 4 years. Mrs. Freeman's purpose on the farm is somewhat ‘slave’ like, to help run the farm. Mrs. Hopewell is, not only the owner of the farm but the mother of Joy, one of her two daughters.

First, it is important to define what corruption is. The term, “corruption” covers a broad range of human actions,

The conditions I think must exist and factors that allow corruption to seep into public organizations is organizations conditions must exist are policies and procedures and they need to be acknowledged and discussed. When thinking about factors that allow corruption to seep into public organizations would be low salaries that would force a person that is struggling financially to take bribes to make financial ends meet. Many public organizations have a large employment size making it easier to hide bribes and inflated claims in large business deals other than a small business, a lot of organizations need to have a Confidentiality of information having numerous ideas for public organizations holding or knowing confidential information to misuse their position. When corruption seep in to the public organizations many policies and procedures are absent and not enforced to all employees

Throughout human history, there has been corruption all over the world and of course different types as well, no doubt that each country has some form of corruption but it is at its worst in Latin America. This dreadful act is at its time high and it's not going down anytime soon, most of these Latin American countries lack of democracy, but instead have a dictator ruler. Corruption among official is abuse of power for their own self gain. According to Americas Market Intelligence “Latin American countries were characterized by having weak democratic institutions and authoritative governments, the perfect combination for the spread of corruption” they also mention the adverse effect corruption has on these countries, the high levels of corruption experience lower acceptance of established institutions, defaulted court system that cause a political instability,lower quality of public infrastructure and expenditures on education and health.There website also mentions that there is a direct correlation between corruption growth of the informal economy and the spread of illicit activity in the form of organized crime and illegal cartels.

Corruption can take many forms and can be found in many countries, but mainly in the emerging ones. The main form of corruption is the bribery in the form of payments demanded by the government or ministry officials in exchange for a favor (granting a service, awarding a business).Corruption affects all the businesses that interfere with the government, but studies have shown that certain industries are more exposed to it. These industries are construction, airline manufacturing, power plants, and oil and gas production.

The corruptin is the abusive and inefficient use of resources by trusted powers for private gain. Corruption is not committed to the rule of law, justice, human rights and the integrity of public service, and it hurts every one who's life, livelihood, or happiness depends on the integrity of people in a position of authority.Some times it's devastating impact is more visible . The governance ,transparency ,and fighting corruption is so important to sustaine economic growth.

Ultimately corruption takes away from the total resource pie, which essentially takes away from the common populace. When a nation’s resources are fraudulently diverted, societal development and progress suffer across the board. Accordingly, nongovernmental organizations such as Transparency International concur with this assessment and also depict corruption as an anti-poor mechanism. Hence, corruption feeds into the cycle of poverty in developing nations, leaving the majority of wealth for the elite minority, while the majority of the populace lives in abject poverty. In the end, corruption and poor governance, combined with an abundance of accessible and valuable resources throughout the region provide ample motive for the generation of a power grab.

Corruption might as well be human nature, it has been portrayed throughout history. From back in the past, to now. For example, “23 Police Officers Fire 377 Bullets at Two Men With Zero Guns” “standing army” People that have power, either politically, or physically tend to

The negative economic impacts of corruption have grown rapidly, and major international organizations have claimed that corruption hinders economic growth (world bank 2006). Although there are claims that corruption is harmful to economic growth, economists have not really agreed with the argument from a theoretical point of view. Theoretical studies suggest that corruption may counteract government failure and promote economic growth in the short run, given externally determined suboptimal bureaucratic rules and regulations. As government failure is itself a function of corruption, however, corruption should have

It would be convenient to start this research paper by stating that corruption is a challenge mainly for businesses in developing countries and that it is unrelated to the current affliction of the economy in the United States. It would also be convenient to claim corruption has declined in America as a result of awareness raising campaigns and the numerous anti-corruption laws. But none of those aforementioned statements would be true. Corruption is not the exception, but rather the rule in today’s business practices. In 2004, Daniel Kaufmann, a senior fellow at Brookings Institution and former director at the World Bank, calculated an index of "legally corrupt" manifestations which is defined as the extent of undue influence

Ahmad N. (2002). Corruption and Government Regulations : An Empirical Analysis. The Bangladesh Development Studies , Vol. 28, No. 4 pp. 29-51.

Political corruption has existed throughout the ages. It believed to be most prominent in positions of power, because of the role money plays in getting people power. However, over the centuries, corruption has changed so much so as to not match a particular definition of corruption, perpetually growing deceptively harder to find (Ebbe).

Corruption is a complex political, social, and economic anomaly that negatively affects developing and developed countries. It weakens democratic institutions, holds economic development, widening the rich-poor gap and certainly leads to governmental instability. The World Bank definition of corruption states that “…the abuse of public office for private gain”.