Corynebacterium Glutamium Lab Report

Unfortunately, if we want to know how many moves it will take to transfer 100 disks from pole A to pole B, we will first have to find the moves it takes to transfer 99 disks, 98 disks, and so on and so forth. Therefore the recursive pattern will not be much help in finding the time it would take to transfer all the disks.

The human sense of touch is known as the somatic or somatosensory system. The skin is the biggest and most complex organ in the somatosensory system.The somatosensory system permits the human body to experience pressure, texture, temperature, and pain, and to see the position and development of the body's muscles and joints.The receptor cells in the skin can be separated into three useful classifications: mechanoreceptors that sense pressure and surface, thermoreceptors that sense temperature, and nociceptors that sense pain. Thermoreceptors distinguish changes in temperature utilizing two sorts of receptor cells: warm and cold. Thus, thermoreceptors on the skin detects the temperature signal using two specific receptors cell: warm and cold.

In this lab, the organism that we have been working with is the bacterium, Serratia marcescens. S. marcescens is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, and tends to grow in damp environments. S. marcescens is an ideal bacterium to work with in the lab because it reproduces quicker than other bacterium. This bacterium produces a special pigment called prodigiosin, which is red in color. The prodigiosin pigment is intensified when S. marcescens is grown at higher densities. During our experiment, temperature, pH, salinity concentration and oxygen requirements were tested on S. marcescens to measure their optimal growth and prodigiosin production.

Morganella morganii is a gram-negative bacillus with no special arrangement. It is the third member of the tribe Proteeae. This bacterium was first discovered in the year 1906 by a British bacteriologist by the name of He. De R. Morgan. In the late year of 1939, the bacterium was named Proteus morganii, and again changed some years later due to findings that this bacterium did not obtain the ability to ferment all carbohydrates like the genus Proteus was capable of doing. Instead, researchers found the bacterium to have the capabilities of ferment only glucose and therefore its name had been changed one final time to Morganella (its own genus) morganii. While testing M. morganii, findings show that it has its own special characteristics that differ from the usual Proteea. M. morganii does not swarm on a nutrient agar plate like the typical Proteus would. It also does not produce the black precipitate found in Hydrogen Sulfide gas tests. M. morganii produces phenylalanine deaminase, which is the enzyme that wipes out the amino group, resulting in a phenyl pyruvic acid. It is a facultative anaerobe meaning that it is capable of producing energy in the form of ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present in its environment. If oxygen is not present in the environment, the bacteria is fully capable of producing energy in anaerobic environments as well. Morganella morganii can be found in the soil, water, and feces. The bacteria is a common resident to the

The three organisms that were identified in my unknown tube were Citrobacter freundii, Corynebacterium xerosis, and Micrococcus. The first step of this project involved isolating the three organisms that were within the mixed culture. Once I successfully isolated them, I was able to do specific colony morphologies for each of the organisms. The characteristics of Citrobacter freundii includes butyrous, opaque, circular, convex, and beige. Corynebacterium xerosis is white, small, punctiform, circular, dry, and brittle. Micrococcus is white, large, opaque, butyrous and circular.

The bases of this experiment was to discover the identify of the unknown from three possible specimens: Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter aerogenes. Utilizaing the T streak technique, the bacteria was isolated into pure colonies for further study. The Gram Stain method was used to identity the morhphology of the bacteria such as the shape and whether the bacteria was Gram positive or Gram negative. Biochemical test were also used to help identify the unknown bacteria. The biochemical test used was the Triple Sugar Iron Agar, Sulfur Indole Motility test, Methyl Red test, Voges-Proskauer test, Citrate test, Urease test, and the Gelatin test. After observing the morphology of the bacteria using the Gram Stain method and utilizing all the possible biochemical test, the bacteria was identified to be Enterobacter aerogenes.

pneumoniae I believe I have a subspeciesof K. pneumoniae perhaps K. pheumoniae ozaenae or K. pneumoniae rhinoscleromatis. Indole, MR-VP and Citrate will vary among different subspecies according to bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology. The reason why I decided on K. pneumoniae over E. aerogenes is because of the gelatin and motile test. According to bergey's manual, Enterobacter liquefies gelatin very slowly and in addition E. aerogenes will test positive for motility. To further differentiate K. pneumoniae from Enterobacter and narrow down the exact species of K. pneumoniae the urea hydrolysis assay could have been the determining factor. Subspecies ozaenae and rhinosclermatis will result in a negative reaction for VP but bergey’s Manual indicates a positive reaction for

The bacteria that was contained within Unknown tube #12 is believed to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Figure 1. The bacteria tested to be Gram Stain negative, producing a pink, red color retained from the staining process. When the species of bacteria was plated on nutrient media, the cells produced an irregular and spreading configuration as shown in Figure 2. This same plating test provided the margins and elevation, lobate and hilly, respectively. The specimen was stabbed in a Fluid Thioglycollate Medium (FTM) tube using an inoculated loop of the bacteria. The results of this experimentation indicate the type of oxygen requirement of the bacteria. The test found the bacteria to be aerobic as colonies of the bacteria began to form along the top of the FTM tube (Manual 2017).

Citrobacter Freundii is a species of bacteria that can be potentially harmful to humans. It is known to cause meningitis by protruding into the brain and replicating itself (1). The Citrobacter species has also been found as a cause of some urinary tract infections, diarrhea, and even gastrointestinal diseases and symptoms (3). C. Freundii can be located in a wide variety of soils and water (3). Lastly, it is also the cause of many nosocomial infections due to its presence in water (1).

In this lab experiment, students had to create a growth curve for E. coli. The E. coli growth curve would illustrate the progression of the population of E. coli a set time period. In this case, the growth curve depicted the population of E. coli over a 12-hour period. The growth curve for E. coli was created from the absorbance levels, the optical density(OD), recorded from the spectrophotometer.

Often scientists work with bacteria that do not come in a labeled test tube— for example, bacterial samples taken from infected human tissue or from the soil—and the scientist must then identify the unknown microorganism in order to understand what behavior to expect from the organism, for example, a certain type of infection or antibiotic resistance. However, because of the relatively few forms of bacteria compared to animals and because of the lack of bacterial fossil records due to their asexually reproductive nature, the taxonomy used to classify animals cannot be applied to bacteria (Brown 275). In order to classify unknown bacteria, a variety of physiological and metabolic tests are available to narrow a sample down from the fathomless number of possibilities into a more manageable range. Once these tests have been performed, the researcher can consult Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, a systematically arranged and continually updated collection of all known bacteria based on their structure, metabolism, and other attributes.

In the world of microbiology it is vitally important to be able to discern the identities of microorganisms. Not only is it important in a lab setting but as well as in healthcare in general. Properly identify what strain of bacteria a person has will aid in the proper medicine and dose given. Throughout the semester we have learned about different types of bacteria and certain test that can clearly identify them. The purpose of this lab report is to identify a Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacterium. Using all the knowledge of procedures and lab techniques identify the unknown and discuss all the tests you performed.

The colonies were smooth, translucent, and had a white brownish color. The Gram stain resulted in Gram positive cocci. After the Gram stain was completed, the bacteria were streaked on a Mannitol-Salt Agar plate and a Catalase test was performed. After these test were completed a Phenol Red Dextrose Fermentation tube was inoculated, and a SIM Tube inoculated.

2. (5 pts) List and explain the names and affiliations of the various characters/stakeholders in this story – I’m looking for us to use the story to map out the complexities that are generally associated with solving public health puzzles – the stakeholders you list and explain here should apply to many of the cases we consider going forward.

These are gram positive bacteria which are found in acidic condition of pH 4 to 4.5 – acidophilic.