Cosmology In Timaeus

In most philosophy and in modern science, there exists the idea that there is no such thing as “nothing”. Modern science cannot explain the existence of anything before or after the physical universe, although proving that there was a time when the universe did not exist (about 13.7 billion years ago). The All, in the Hermetic tradition, is the title given to that “nothing”. The All is everything that was, and everything that will be – it cannot grow because it is already everything, and cannot be lessened because that would imply something reaching beyond The All. Now, back to the cave. To understand the origin of our universe, one needs to grasp what I learned from Plato’s cave; that all things have a substantial reality. That being the case, it is only fair that the universe should have a substantial reality

In the following paper, I will outline Samuel Clarke’s “Modern Formulation of the Cosmological Argument” and restate some of the points that he makes. Samuel Clarke’s argument for the existence of God states that “There has existed from eternity some one unchangeable and independent being” (37). The argument follows a logical flow and can be better understood when the structure is laid out and the argument reconstructed.

In this essay, I will be arguing against Aquinas’ Cosmological Argument that every motion can only be traced back to the creator of all motions and ultimately, the universe. First I will present Aquinas’ Cosmological argument regarding motion which directly concludes that a higher being, who is not dependent on the motion of any other thing or being, must exist to have caused the existence of the universe. I will also present opponents of this argument such as David Hume who argues that a “First Mover” might not even be needed to exist but rather that an infinite regress could be the explanation of the universe and that no explanation for what initiated this infinite chain of motions is required. Finally, I will disclose my personal opinion on the issue of how all of existence began. My standpoint will be much more inclined toward Hume’s argument against Aquinas but I will be presenting a new idea with a lot of scientific backup that neither of them could have possibly taken into account at the time.

Throughout many centuries philosophers have argued over the existence of God. In today’s society many people tend to hesitate in believing in a God because of the new scientific discoveries. For example, in the mid 1990s scientists built the Hubble telescope which revealed that there were billions of galaxies in our universe, this discovery led some people to question how can one divine being create so much and yet have a personal connection with everyone in the world. Which, in result, may take some scientific explanation to strengthen one’s belief in God, but for those who believe there is a benevolent God they do not need science to show proof that he exists because of their morals and beliefs they have been raised to follow. In this paper I will prove that God does exist by explaining the ontological, cosmological, and design argument.

The Greek story has a few versions to it, and I will be going with Hesiod’s, the eighth-century poet, version, and is probably most standard of Greek creation myths (Power of Myth and Symbol). Hesiod’s version of the Greek creation story started in the beginning when there was only Chaos, an amorphous, gaping void encompassing the entire universe (Elliott). From Chaos, there were Gaia (the earth), Tartarus (the abyss), Erebos (the gloom of the underworld), Nyx (night, the gloom of the earth), and Eros (desire) (Power of Myth and Symbol). This was how the world started for the Greeks.

In Chapters 1 and 2 of Genesis, we are told that God creates both the universe and everything that is in it. Thomas Aquinas, a leading scholar of the Middle Ages, argued that “Everything in the universe has a cause. Trace those causes back and there must have been a First Cause that triggered everything else. God is that First Cause.”

It is said that in the beginning, there was Chaos, the silent and dark abyss. Out of Chaos, all things came into existence. According to the Theogony of Hesiod, Chaos created the

Anaxagoras proposes a response to Parmenides that addresses genesis and perishing, change, and qualitative distinctions. The response centers on eternal seeds that act as the building blocks for all objects. The seeds fit the criteria of having no genesis or perishing because they are eternal and therefore possess no beginning or end. He also presents the idea of the Mind which is

Ancient philosopher Plato’s affiliation with religion is evident across multiple dialogues and referenced during his discussion of both metaphysical and ontological questions. Plato did not believe in one singular god, but many [2]. In his work Timaeus, he proposed that the universe

I will be now arguing the importance of the Theogony, in prompting rational thought in the later sixth century B.C.E. Historians will argue that the Greeks change in thought was a sudden shift from a mythical explanation, to a rational one, or the ‘Greek miracle’, as it often labelled. I however, will contest that there was no sudden, complete shift away from their mythical explanation. No, it was far too entrenched in their mind to have suddenly disappeared when a small number of

In this essay, I shall analyse the problem of “Why didn’t a temporal God create the world sooner?”. This essay shall begin with an exposition of the problem as provided by Leftow, and then explain Leftow’s and Swinburne’s solutions. Furthermore, I shall explain the ineffectiveness of these solutions exposed by Craig, and I shall provide the view that the most effective solution to the problem is that God’s temporal mode of existence changes from timeless prior to creation, and temporal post-creation. However, firstly, we must understand the problem with which we are dealing.

1. The first objection to the existence of God is the proponent of the Cosmological Argument makes the mistake of the collection of dependent beings as it itself one big depended

Space and time was also created. So, with these ideas, time had a beginning. Looking at it a different way, in the early universe, the normal concept of time is uncertain.

Ancient Greece birthed many great thinkers whose works produced the foundation on which Western science and philosophy are based. During a time when many people believed that events in the natural world were linked to the gods and goddesses, naturalist thinkers strived to describe reality beyond the limits of the senses. History’s first philosopher and the founder of natural philosophy, Thales, was the first to examine the original substances of matter. Thales believed water was the originating principle that formed the primary matter of the universe. Although Thales was incorrect, his theory engaged other natural philosophers to consider the nature of matter, and its transformation into the countless things of which the universe consists of. One of his most notable accomplishments, however; producing an accurate theory of the solar eclipse in 585 B.C.E. A fellow-citizen

“ I think the universe was created out of nothing according to the laws of science. It has no beginning and no end.”- Stephen Hawking. Throughout the ages there has been countless beliefs on how the universe may have been created. Some people have concluded the universe was by designed by a God while others have concluded the universe was formed in the beginning and end of singularities that formed a boundary to spacetime to which the laws of science breaks down. Since 500 B.C and present time, countless of people have formed theories . Sadly, numerous of theorists don’t have concrete proof. In spite of this, people can still compare and contrast theories people have made such as Stephen Hawking and St. Thomas of the Aquinas.