Costco Case Study

Michael Porter wrote about five forces affecting the profitability and viability of companies. The five forces are existing competitors, new entries into the market, substitute products, bargaining power of customers, and the bargaining power of suppliers. (quickmba)

Between these three wholesale clubs, I would say that the rivalry among them is the strongest force. This is strong because these three wholesale clubs all compete with each other for the same customers. Sam’s club and Costco both have clubs within the United States and also in other countries, with BJ’s main focus which is on the east coast of the U.S. Costco and Sam’s club have high competition between them and Costco has way more market share then BJ’s. The second best is the power of buyers. The market of wholesale is definitely a buyer’s market because they can switch and buy whatever it is that they need from one of the other two clubs. Consumers are always looking for lower prices which makes the demand in the industry very high.

They are performing very well from a strategic perspective. No, Costco does not enjoy a clear competitive advantage over Sam’s. It does however enjoy a competitive advantage over BJ’s. the nature of this competitive advantage includes the fact that BJ’s has too many products, which makes rapid turnover harder to achieve. I think that Costco has a winning strategy because they are selective with the

Their affiliates are offered a controlled assortment of nationwide brand-names in addition to choosing private label goods in a widespread of commodities. Costco merges its fast inventory revenue with the functioning competences to track the business lucratively at a substantial lower gross margin. Moreover, Costco gains benefits of its great sales capacity and fast inventory turnover to gain the advantages of timely sum rebates from merchandise wholesalers due to the extraordinary deals and fast inventory turnover. This allows Costco to produce an abundant of cash in their account. The pricing strategy of Costco is the central factor that reinforce the low price business strategy which is to improve the limitations on brand-named merchandise which is at 14%. Which allows their members to bargain at such a low value. Costco has the prominent status amongst consumers as the number one merchant of mutable merchandise and low prices. Costco's economical benefit is positioned upon its aptitude to purchase in massive wholesale, consolidate, and sell in its

Renee McDonald (“Plaintiff”) allegedly sustained personal injuries on October 8, 2015 while shopping at a store owned and operated by Costco (“Defendant”) in Brooklyn Park, Maryland. According to the plaintiff, while walking through the store, she tripped on mop water which caused her to fall to the ground and suffer “severe bodily injuries.” The Plaintiff claims that her fall was caused by the mop water. The mopped area had been secured with a yellow caution sign that warned customers of the wet floor. At the time of the Plaintiff’s fall, however, the sign had fallen down and was lying on the floor. Plaintiff alleges that the store did not have proper signage to warn of the hazardous condition.

The US warehouse club and superstore industry includes about 20 companies; however the major competitors that Costco faces are Sam 's Club (owned by Wal-Mart), BJ’s Wholesale Club, and Meijer. The club superstore industry is so competitive that these four companies alone hold over 90 percent of sales. These superstores are able to offer competitive pricing because as large companies they can offer a wide selection of products and have purchasing, distribution, marketing, and financing advantages. Due to low margins, the profitability of these individual superstore companies depends on high volume sales and efficient operations. This is where Costco has been able to succeed and set itself aside from the competitors.

Exhibit A shows Porter’s Five forces analysis for Trader Joe’s. Competition within the incumbents is high. Trader Joe’s biggest competitor would be Whole foods, nation’s largest retailer of organic and natural

Costco is among the leading global retailers which provide customers a wide range of merchandise, ranging from small to well-known brands. The company began operations in 1983. Over the years, Costco has been a retailer in low cost membership-only leader, in warehouse club of merchandise. Moreover, Costco does not offer frills warehouse business models as its competitors do.  Costco’s major competitors are BJ’s Wholesale Club and Sam Club (Costco, 2010).

What is Costco’s business model? Is the company’s business model appealing? Why or why not?

Costco purchase items directly from suppliers or manufactories. In this way, Costco save the cost of each section of the traditional supply chain. It is the reason why Costco is able to provide low-price goods to customers. For example, in the aspect of transportation, Costco can save 400 truck each year.

Another important aspect is a limited selection of goods. Whereas Walmart or Target may have upwards of 150,000 items sold in their stores. Costco will have less than 4000. They also have their own private label which is only equal to 15% of what they carry in the stores, but it equals out to over 30% of their total sales currently. Another aspect of the product selection is that instead of buying many

Costco is the best cost provider in the wholesale club category and the strategy is associated with Costco’s capabilities and resources, which includes; a streamlined supply chain, good supplier relationships, purchasing power, high sales volumes, quick inventory turnover, and excellent customer service. The three vital components of the company strategy are low pricing, limited product selection and high-end products acquired in closeouts and liquidations. While Costco strives to beat the competitors pricing, it also delivers exceptional value in its high-end offerings and customer service, giving consumers more for their money. Given its customers are the most affluent of all the warehouse clubs, with average incomes around $75,000 and this strategy works well for Costco. However, these customers are conscious not only about money but also value for the product, this fact is supported by the members who choose for executive

Five Forces model for a closer look at Kroger and the industry. Competition is a big threat and

Costco has many competitors with the primary two being Sam’s Club, a warehouse wholesale business being managed by Walmart, and BJ’s warehouse. Sam’s Club is offering the same services as Costco. They offer their customers lower prices than traditional stores and like Costco they sell their products in bulk to keep members interested. What makes them a threat to Costco is the cost of becoming a member to shop at their stores. For Costco’s basic membership, known as a Business membership, a price

Costco has maintained steady growth as well as healthy finances. The company has maintained its operating expenses at high although steady level ranging from 98%-99%. Operating income has been managed kept its relation to growth. Net income has also been sustained at a level constant to growth. A key factor to Costco’s finances is its membership fees. It accounts for a very small amount in comparison to its net sales, but it is the difference maker between breaking even, (or taking a loss), to making a healthy profit. Costco’s membership fees account for a little less than 2% and is almost equal to its net income. Based on the company’s income statements, Costco is perceived to be in good financial condition, as income to sales ratio remains the same.