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During this part of the report, I will be discussing what problems could occur during each phase (pre-construction, construction, post construction) and how you can go about preventing this from

REQUIRED READING: Students are required to read all materials available at the rEsource site for this course on http://mycampus.uophx.edu.

To begin, after the site has been chosen several lengthy steps must follow, the site location meets all regulatory, environmental, historical and municipal zoning requirement approvals. Additionally, the property on which the tower will be constructed must be free and clear of all encumbrances and mortgages usually 100’ x 100’ square foot area of property. When all those steps are successfully completed and approved the construction can now move forward with a notice to proceed. There will be a site visit organized for the bidding process inviting pre-approved contractors, civil engineers,

The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the most impressive construction projects in the history of civilization. Despite the fact that it was constructed over 4500 years ago, it involved several mystifying features of engineering and ingenuity. Similarly, the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (CA/T) was a megaproject in Boston that required equally impressive feats of technical design and industrial engineering. The Pyramid of Giza and the CA/T Project share distinct similarities

The original renovation had a budget of 5 million dollars, which included classrooms, a computer lab, student lounge, lavatories, and staff offices. The renovation is suitable for the current status of Construction Science; however the growing program will soon outgrow the building. For these reasons, I am writing a follow up memo of the topics to be included in my upcoming researched recommendation report.

The World Trade Center was a global icon of The United States of America. The tallest of the buildings was over 1,300 feet high (10). With such large buildings, the materials used in construction needed to meet certain standards just to successfully stand erect. The design intent has the biggest factor for the material selection. In the World Trade Centers, the materials were supposed to meet certain properties and requirements. The analysis of whether or not the World Trade Center buildings were built to requirements will be discussed.

Imagine the radiating heat of the bright Egyptian sun, mercilessly projecting its rays upon your back. Your bones ache for rest, your body thirst for water and your feet are callused from the blistering, Giza sand beneath you. Gazing from right to left are what seems like thousands of men, working around you in an effort to complete the impossible task that lays before them. For centuries and centuries, the Great Pyramid of Giza has withstood the test of time, and rises to be the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Formed from the ground up, with incredible precision, unwavering determination and advanced engineering, the Egyptians managed to construct a monument that would last nearly 5,000 years after its completion. Originally

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Although these problems were corrected and the idea of building a skyscraper became a feasible task, there were many conditions that had to be taken into account, that did not need consideration when building a structure less than 40 stories tall. Four story buildings are supported by their own walls; however a new method needed to be created for skyscrapers since the previous building method would not provide enough support. Metal skeletal frames made of columns and beams were then developed to provide the support and strength needed for the skyscrapers. As the buildings grew taller, their structural design was made lighter and stiffer. Also, as the buildings grew taller, wind became an important issue. Normally, the force that acts on the skyscraper pushes directly downward towards the ground that would then counter balance that push. However, when an additional force acts on it, such as wind, the forces would act differently on the skyscraper. With a lateral force acting on the building, the steel columns of the frame on the windy side would stretch apart slightly while the columns on the other side would compress. Therefore, the skeletal frame built had to be made so that the structure would be free to move slightly with the wind and, at the same time, remain sturdy.

Most of the building is cantilevered, creating structural challenges. The resolution included a structural concrete core (yellow) and steel slabs reinforced with steel diagonals, that add to its visual distinction (Figure 4). The steel structure is revealed through the addition of semi-opaque glass in

Due to the enormous human beings population; the aboriginal architectural norms could not meet the demand hence required a change in the nature of architectural designs and strategies basically to meet the exploding demand of secure, affordable and durable infrastructure across the globe (Capon, 1999). The aboriginal norms have since been replaced by new

Burj Khalifa Turner Construction Company Executive Summary Turner’s business philosophy is to work very closely with customers on all its projects. It strives to share the most up to date and accurate information with them. Thus, making customers a partner in the business risk and rewards. It also empowers its employees to record accurate information by decoupling individual bonuses from project performance and tying it to overall corporate performance.

Why do people want to build in the sky? Skyscrapers are the most iconic symbol of the city and are amazing landscapes created by humans who reach the clouds and ignore gravity. It implements human aspirations that we want to build a much higher level of buildings. There is no doubt that constructing tall buildings is not something new. The most important things while raising buildings higher are its structural design and life safety for people living or working inside the buildings. Today, as the building is touching to the sky, occupants of buildings are worried more and more about how safe the building is. The major concerns regarding tall building are unplanned fire and terrorist attack. The 43rd president George W. Bush quoted in results to 9/11, "Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve". As prospective engineers look to the future, we have the opportunity to learn the very lesson by understanding the collapse of the WTC Towers. In the years 9/11, the time after has arisen to learn and improve the design of future tall buildings against fire-induced collapse. The building we build inspires us and reflects on who we are.

ARCHITECTURAL FAILURES, SAFETY MEASURES AND RISKS IN CONSTRUCTION - NIA 303 (2) Text of Paper presented to the NIAPPE preparatory seminar at Digital Bridge Institute on 6 March 2012 by Arc. J. O. Toluhi PART I – ARCHITECTURAL FAILURES The concept of architectural failures is better understood from the perspective of what architecture really is, criteria for architectural project success and what failure connotes. What architecture means Architecture is defined in various ways by architects and non-architects alike depending on their focus or area of emphasis. You must be familiar with the definition offered in the ARCON law which attempts to capture different ramifications of the profession. By Le Corbusier’s definition, "Architecture is

The construction procedures implemented will verify that and end results satisfy the project needs and owner’s expectations. Progress records will be kept and any problems that are identified before they develop will permit timely resolution and will minimize the impact.