Cracking The Genetic Code Summary

Over the last 10 years scientists have been involved in the progression and completion of the Human Genome Project. "Scientists working on this project have developed detailed maps that identify the

Genetics can help answer questions about our traits and why we look different and advance in different ways from each other in the world. Chapter 1 explains the basics about how genes work, and the portrayal of DNA and RNA. Chapter 2 describes RNA more in detail and it consist of the explanation of the human genome. Specifically, Chapter 3 clarifies how evolution works and how it relates to genetic and medical research. Furthermore, Chapter 4 and 5 explains the knowledge researchers have about genes role in health and diseases, and how society is affected with the advances in medicine and science given approximate credit to these researchers.

The Gene Hackers published by the New Yorker’s Michael Specter talks about a breakthrough technology that could allow for the creation of genetically modified humans- “humans 2.0” as he calls it. This new technology could also be the cure for many genetic disorders like Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s etc. as it would allow scientist the ease of genetically identifying and editing specific genes responsible for these genetic abnormalities. This exciting new technology will be known as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats associated protein 9 or CRISPR-Cas 9 for short.

The Goal of the Human Genome Project is to obtain genetic mapping information and to determine the complete sequence of all human DNA by the year of 2005. The project started in 1990 and 180 million dollars are being spent on it annually. This adds up to a total of over 2 billion dollars for the 15 year budget. Of this 2 billion dollars budgeted, 5% is spent annually on the ethical, legal and social issues. This report focused on some of these issues.

The DNA Mystique looks into the power of the gene in today’s society. Dorothy Nelkin and Susan Lindee (1995) describe the evolution of the gene as a cultural icon. Society puts a huge emphasis on understanding everyday behavior and the “secret of life” through genetic essentialism. According to Nelkin and Lindee genetic essentialism “reduces the self to a molecular entity, equating human beings, in all their social, historical, and moral complexity, with their genes” (p. 337). DNA is used as a way to define the individual’s true self and understand the evolution of a person’s identity. Nelkin and Lindee discuss the intersection of science and popular culture to shape the cultural meaning of the gene (p. 338). They lay out a timeline of genetic mapping and the use of genome research to determine future outcomes.

Genetic code is a set of rules that are stored in our DNA these codes are translated into protiens by Genetic expression. What Genetic expression does is it takes the stored information in the gentic code and and makes it into protiens and other molecules. The way the stored information is expressed determines what kind of animal it will be or whether a person will be short or tall have brown or blue eyes.So the relationship between the two would be the Genetic code is the cause and the genetic expression is the effect.

It was a long day at work and Gene is sick and tired of his job. So excited to get home and play his new game, Gene rushed through traffic. He finally arrives at home to see that his dog, Meaty has torn apart his favorite pillow. The pillow that he sits on whenever he plays his games! Gene is upset with Meaty but won't let it kill his excitement to play his game. Gene makes a Hot Pocket and gets some milk. Finally he sits down to play his game. Gene is having a blast! Until he noticed something out of his window? Oh no!

The society in Brave New World is different and abnormal because the society people know and live in today is quite far from the one described in the novel. Much of the book is dedicated to genetic engineering that is much more advanced than anything tried in today’s society.

Today we live in a very technologically advanced society. Scientists are continually discovering new things about the world and the way things work. "In the 1980ís, it was becoming increasingly apparent to many scientists that an understanding of basic biology would be greatly enhanced if the detailed structure of DNA was understood" (Mehlman, 1998). Thus began what has become know as The Human Genome Project which is "the mapping of all our

Dr. Waston and his students are trying to motive the human genome to work on altering the genetic code which to help those who having genetic based problems. Is this a good ideas? Yes, it could be a good and idea becasue none want to look stupid infront of ther people. Everyone want to be stand at the same level at other, but at the same time it is also pifall too. Because if everyone smart, what is going to happen in the environment.

The DNA sequence of the entire human genome was pieced together after a greatly anticipated 13 years, which allowed scientists and biological researchers to establish the genetic make-up of proteins, which essentially make up the human body. The Human Genome Project (HGP) ‘sequenced only "euchromatic" regions of the genome, which make up about 90% of the genome’ (En.wikipedia.org, 2016), which consists of, more or less, a majority of the DNA sequences in humans. Unlocking this huge amount of biological knowledge was exciting, but definitely slightly daunting, as these DNA sequences had to be identified in

Currently, the science field is inventing myriad medications, vaccines, and antimicrobial drugs annually. Even methods to treat and cure diseases have evolved throughout the years. For example, HIV is now able to be controlled; however, the medication is very expensive. Another medical advancement that has developed is genome sequencing. The function of genome sequencing is to look into a person’s DNA and search for future or possible health risks that could develop. Genome sequencing is the only way to know which diseases will affect your baby in the future, and therefore should be used. In this paper I will focus on the article called, “Ethical Issues Arise as Scientists Peek into Baby Genes”, (which is pro genome sequencing) written by

Nature seems to be random in the way that there is no structure, no code of conduct, no virtual organization, but as much as it may seem that way, in the 1800’s naturalist and geologist Charles Darwin discovered there is much more happening in nature, which presented a new theory to the worlds view. Darwin’s research shows that species will go through great change for the survival of their kind.

Genetic information is claimed to be sui generis. Within those double helix strands of deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA, are mutations, some which affect the development of the organism. Recent research have led scientists to develop a new type of treatment for mutations. Gene therapy is the name applied to the treatment of inherited diseases by corrective genetic engineering of the dysfunctional gene. [1] This revolutionary advancement in medical technology, however, has provoked a portion of society into ruling this treatment as inhuman and unethical. [2] Despite the large criticism, this procedure alone is dangerous to attempt since the human immune system could reject the new DNA, which causes the patient to fall ill. [3] Gene therapy, a twenty-six

The Human Genome project was ultimately introduced in 1985 and by the early 1990's the project began to spread. The collaboration of multiple countries such as, Great Britain, France, Japan, China, and Germany joined the United States in working to complete the project in a minimum of 3 years. Laboratories in these countries mapped and sequenced the project that is known as the Human Genome. All of the genes in a person's body is called a Genome, therefore the name of the project the Human Genome Project. Scientist found that the Human Genome structure displays information on structure, organization, and function of a complete Human Genome. The Human Genome Project is the study of how all DNA is linked and the various mutations that can occur.