Creatinine Levels In Blood And Organs

The amino acids that are not immediately required are broken down in the liver to make urea; this urea is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys for elimination of waste.

As a result of renal failure there is an accumulation of urea in the blood leading called Uremia. If there are other nitrogenous waste products in the blood it is called azothemia. Azotemia is a condition wherein an excess of nitrogenous end products of protein and amino acids are found in the blood. Ureamia and azotemia may produce inflammation of the pericardium of the heart, pleuritis, or pnuemonitis. As blood flows through your entire body the poisons that your kidneys are unable to excrete

I will compare and contrast Creatine from chapter 11 and an article I read from WebMD. In chapter 11 Creatine is stated that it can help athletes recover from broken bones and help rebuild muscles after the cast has been removed. In the WebMD however it says that Creatine can be used by anyone who is healthy but it has side effects like; weight gain, fever, rash, stomach upset, fatigue headache, breathing difficulty and anxiety. The book in chapter 11 supports well developed athletes into taking Creatine. Where in the article it supports anyone how is healthy can take the supplements and use it correctly and not just only supports well developed athletes into Creatine.

     What is Creatine? Creatine is a nutrient that is found in many foods. It is most highly concentrated in lean red meat. A half-pound of red meat contains about two grams of Creatine. Every human body also

Creatinine is a waste product filtered by the kidneys into the blood (serum) and urine. High serum, and/or urine creatinine levels are indicative of kidney dysfunction. A colorimetric assay can be used to determine the creatinine concentration in the urine and serum samples from patients who are suspected to have kidney dysfunction.

Creatine (C4H9N3O2) is a non-essential amino acid that occurs primarily in muscle cells. It is a naturally occurring substance that is found in the pancreas and liver. It is important for the production and storage of energy in your body. The waste of creatine is called creatinine and is expelled through urine. Not only is it made in your body, scientists have studied and produced creatine in labs. The most common and most researched form of creatine is creatine monohydrate. All studies about creatine have mostly found creatine monohydrate to be the safest with no additives. Creatine is found in meats like fish and beef. The average person who eats meat gets an average of one to two grams a day.

Creatine is an organic molecule that is found in the human body as well as other vertebrate animal’s tissue (“Creatine”). It is considered an amino acid. Creatine is made naturally in the liver or can be taken as a supplement (“Creatine”). Creatine has shown that when taken as a supplement it has many benefits to the human body.

The patient is a 75-year-old female who did see a new pulmonologist (Daniel Kim, DO) as Elvira Aguila, MD left this area. She did have a CT scan done of her lungs. She was told to hold her metformin and had blood work done because of IV contrast. Her creatinine did go up to a high of 1.5, but then on repeat came back to 1.37 with a BUN of 14. I did have her decrease her dose of metformin from 1000 mg b.i.d. to 500 mg b.i.d. She did have a BUN and creatinine done in December of 2014, which showed creatinine of 1.46, BUN of 35. Repeat in March of 2015 showed creatinine of 1.1 with a BUN of 49. The patient has also been found to have proteinuria with a urine microalbuminuria/creatinine

Creatinine and BUN levels are high related to the kidneys not functioning properly due to the C. Diff. Infection. The kidneys are not filtering out waste products of the body.

Creatine, a nitrogenous carboxylic acid, is produced internally in vertebrates or consumed from exogenous sources such as fish or red meat. Cr is synthesized in a two-step process from three amino acids: arginine, glycine and methionine. Cr synthesis begins in the kidney and pancreas from arginine and glycine. According to Qasim and Mahmood, (2015), almost 90-95% of the total Cr in the human body is stored in the skeletal muscles which take up Cr against a concentration gradient with the aid of the sodium-dependent Cr transporter-1. Cr is stored mainly in the skeleton system, but also in muscle fibers, brain neurological system,

This enzyme causes Creatine Phosphophate (which is also present in the muscle cell) to be broken down into Creatine and Phosphate.

Regarding creatine as a supplement, there is no data to support any other form of creatine supplementation other than creatine monohydrate (Kreider, 2008). However, Kleiner (2014) reports that there are three major forms of creatine on the market: monohydrate, citrate, and pyruvate. Research supports all three as effective; however, monohydrate works best for muscle building and performance. Beef, pork, and fish, which are .5-1% Cr by weight, are highly bioavailable, whereas only 20 percent of creatine ingested as a supplement is absorbed. In other words, Cr from intact protein foods produces smaller, but more sustain effects compared to supplementation, which results in the most rapid increase in plasma Cr (Smith-Ryan & Antonio, 2013). Regardless, research indicates that Cr from meat or supplementation appear to yield the same absolute level of Cr to tissue. When choosing a particular food, shrimp has trace amounts, milk has 0.05g/lb, cod 1.4, tuna 1.8, salmon 2, beef 2, pork 2.3, and herring 3-4.5 (Kreider, 2008). When a sardine grows larger, it becomes a herring. Since sardines are a good source of protein and omega-3s, it makes since to eat both sardines and herring if wanting to ingest the most Cr through

There is a pair of kidneys in the human body. They are situated towards the back of the body under the ribs, just at the level of the waist where one on either side of the body. Each kidney is composed of about one million units which are called nephrons and each nephron consists of two parts: a filter which is called the glomerulus and a tubule leading out from the nephron (Cameron 1999). According to Marshall and Bangert (2008) the kidneys have three major functions. Firstly, the kidneys are excretion of waste from plasma in the blood. The second function is that, they maintain of extracellular fluid volume and composition. Lastly, the kidneys have a role in hormone synthesis.

In Kidney failure cases urea, creatine, uric acids and electrolytes move from the blood to the dialysate with the net effect of lowering their concentration in the blood. RBC s WBC s and plasma proteins are too large to diffuse through the pores of the membrane. Hemodialysis patient are exposed to 120 to 130 L of water during each dialysis treatment. Small molecular weight substances can pass from the dialysate in to patient’s blood. So the purity of water used for dialysis is monitored and controlled.

Mr. Armstrong has a history of renal insufficiency and uncontrolled hypertension, along with symptoms of fatigue, pedal edema, and occasional shortness of breath. He does not have a history of trauma or obstruction to his kidneys, but his creatinine and BUN levels are currently at 3.5 mg/dl and 40 mg/dl. Normal creatinine concentration values are 0.7 to 1.2 mg/dl and normal BUN values are 10 to 20 mg/dl; this reveals that Mr. Armstrong’s kidneys are not removing wastes properly (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2014).  Mr. Armstrong’s history of renal insufficiency and uncontrolled hypertension is commonly found in patients diagnosed with intrarenal (intrinsic) acute renal failure. Intrarenal acute renal failure can be categorized as