Criminal Law Vs 90's

Criminal law involves inducing punishment to the convicted individual so that they would pay for their crimes. Civil law deals with disputes between individuals and redressing the wrongs by giving the victim compensation. Examples of criminal law include theft, murder, and robbery. Examples of civil law include, divorce proceedings, child custody proceedings, and property disputes. Five sources of criminal law in the United States include federal legislation, state legislation, municipal ordinances, executive orders, federal and state constitutions, and treaties and other international conventions. Federal legislation operates with its own set of rules apart from individual states. To determine whether if the crime is a federal offense depends

Indeed, the same states that were clamouring most loudly to bolster the criminal justice system in the mid-1960s were, according to data gathered by the federal as well as state governments, experiencing the lowest crime rate since 1910” (FILIMON, Luiza Maria. 2015. "POLICE PRACTICES IN NEW YORK: BETWEEN RACIAL PROFILING, DISCRIMINATION AND UNCONSTITUTIONALITY." Bulletin Of The Transilvania University Of Brasov. Series VII: Social Sciences. Law 8, no. 2: 189-200.) So why would the president pass a law to enforce crimes even more if the country was facing its lowest crime rates since the 1910. Would the rise of the civil rights movement had a play in this, if so would this explain the increase of

The traditional style of policing required officers to focus on responding to call of service and solving crime in a reactive way. This meant citizen were giving zero input or cooperation when dealing with law enforcement. The traditional style of policing during the social unrest of the 1960 caused unwanted tension between citizens and police departments. This lead to the President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of justice in 1967. This commission challenged police departments across the country to be more responsive toward its citizens. Many department in the late 60’s and in the 70’s started to experiment with policing styles other than the traditional model. Departments moved on from the traditional model because

The approach of the police in the 1990’s improved as well. They concentrated on what they refer to as hot-spots or areas high in crime, they themselves made more of an appearance. They got to know the communities and people here, making them feel more comfortable, at the same time, making the criminals think twice before acting. Why would they want to commit the crime with the police in high patrol, and making it an obvious arrest on their part? Also, the police were in the area learning the criminals. Knowing them and speaking to these people, their people, as humans now, equal to themselves, not beneath them.

Policing as we know it started with Sir Robert Peel in 1829 when he organized the first modern police force in London, England. (Gash, 2014). The officer walked the beat and interacted with the community. He knew every storekeeper on his beat; he knew the “hot spots” in the community; and the people knew him by name. People learned to rely on the street officer to help them in time of need and protect them from the criminal element. Modern policing was effective and accepted by society as it landed in America. The same principles Peel applied in London worked effectively in the United States even though they were tested by communities that dotted the uncharted western frontier. Many people felt the police and courts were fulfilling their obligations.

Also, an increased number of police “substantially lowered the crime rate” (p. 125). While crime was booming the number of police officers decreased by more than 50 percent so did the likelihood that a criminal would be caught (p. 125). The added police deterred crime, and “provided the manpower to imprison criminals who might have otherwise gone uncaught” (p. 126). The additional police officers accounted for 10 percent of the drop in crime in 1990 (p.

Tort laws are laws that offer remedies to individuals harmed by the unreasonable actions of others. Tort claims usually involve state law and are based on the legal premise that individuals are liable for the consequences of their conduct if it results in injury to others (McCarthy & Cambron-McCabe, 1992). One of the major, most well-known tort categories is negligence, which is usually a situation when someone accidentally does wrong, which in turns causes injury to another person.

Later, in the late 1900’s, tort evolved into more personal injury and wrongful death cases. One case that really kicked off and defined this new evolution was the Goodman v. Yuba Power Products trial in 1963. Yuba produced a tool called the Shopsmith, a saw, drill, and wood lathe all in one. This tool, even when assembled correctly, caused injuries so it was brought to court. The plaintiffs (or the ones bringing the case to court) won large damages to compensate for the injuries caused, This case was the precedent to what we recognize as tort law (Aliprandini and Walter

Policing has come along way the In the United States. Resources such has vehicles, radios, and computers have made policing much more efficient. Although policing has advanced, history of policing has had a huge impact on the current relationship between African Americans and police. Tension between African Americans and police existed throughout the history of policing and still exists within policing today. Policing history is divided into the political era, reform era, and community era. The political era and the reform era of policing have influenced the current relationship between African Americans and police (McNamara & Burns, 2009). The issues of these policing eras have been the foundation for the

Criminal law, “a body of rules and statues that define conduct prohibited by the government because it threatens and harms public safety and welfare and that establishes punishment to be imposed for the commission of such acts.” Substantive criminal law there’s a crime and it may require punishment. Crimes can be defined as felonies or misdemeanors. Felonies are much serious with evidence proofing could be punishment of many years in jail or even death. While misdemeanors are less serious and punishment can be a fine or less than a year in jail. There

Tort is defined as an act that is wrong, except for a breach of contract or trust in or an infringement of a right. It may result in an injury to an individual or group of people, their assets and belongings, status etc for which they are legally entitled for a compensation. The term negligence is the failure to provide reasonable care, breach on duty of care resulting in damage or injury (What is tort 2013). Therefore tort of negligence is a disruption of duty and responsibility or a failure of a party to maintain standard of consideration required by law, resulting in harm, injury or damage suffered by another party. Therefore the law of tort is simply used to compensate the loss or injury without punishing the defendant. (Introduction

The word of tort originally comes from the Latin word of tortus, that meaning twisted and tort in French meaning wrong. The law of tort is deferent from criminal law and the law of tort derived from common law. Tort is “a wrongful act, not including a breach of contract or trust, that results in injury to another’s person, property, reputation, or the like, and for which the injured party is entitle to compensation.”

rates began in 1990, boasting a decrease of almost 20% by the end of 1993;

Although there are countless subjects pertaining to the law, its separated into the two most common areas: civil and criminal. Criminal law is when an individual or group of individuals that has committed an act that can be considered harmful to society and/or individuals. If proven guilty of a said act, they can be imprisoned or fined depending on its severity. Common cases involving criminal law are theft, vandalism, white collar crime or cases with more severity such as murder and assault. For example, if one is convicted for selling illegal drugs on the street or stealing a car and that individual is found guilty for that crime, they will be punished accordingly. The initial fine amount or sentencing is predetermined accordingly by the state or federal laws and constitution, then decided by the grand just, then enforced and solidified by the judge. Civil law usually deals with money and the settling of lawsuits between organizations or individuals seeking compensation and satisfaction to the winning party. Subject matters that often deal with civil law are entitlement of real and personal property, financial security, compensation if ones property is harmed in any way and enforcing regulations on businesses and corporations. For example, if an insurance company refuses to pay for damages on an insurer’s vehicle, the insurer could file a lawsuit against the company

Tort is sometimes viewed as the actions that are not defined in other areas of the law such as contract or fiduciary law. Tort law and contract law are similar in the sense that they both involve a breach of duties.