Criterion A Essay

Warning signs for self-mutilation can be wearing covering clothing when it is warm out, and not letting people touch where they might be cutting themselves. It was once believed that people who self injure were just doing it for attention but recent studies have proven otherwise. A quote from the research from the CASE study in Europe stated that “The findings of this study show that adolescents who deliberately self-harm often report both cry of pain and cry for help motives. The majority of youngsters wanted to get relief from a terrible state of mind and/ or wanted to die with their act of self-harm. Although the study shows that there is also a cry for help, this type of motive seems to be less prominent than the cry of pain, which is inconsistent with the popular notion that adolescents deliberate self-harm is ‘only’ a cry for help (Scoliers, 2009). With this knowledge we need to make sure we help the children who are not only doing it to

Emma is a 15-year-old teenager diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Partaking in episodes of binge eating, fasting and self- induced vomiting; Emma has a distorted perception regarding her weight and body image. Similarly, Ethan is a 16-year-old teenager diagnosed with Non- suicidal- self-injury (NSSI), who through repetitive cuts and burns to the body uses self- injury as an emotional regulatory strategy. Both Emma and Ethan were suggested Cognitive behavioral therapy as an effective treatment option.

“Self-injury appears to reduce the individual's level of emotional and physiological arousal to a tolerable level, and the internal chaos is temporarily soothed. Thus, the physical injuries may seem a small price to pay to escape from the ‘raging inferno inside’. The reality of the individual’s actions starts to sink in. Shame, guilt, self-disgust or self-hate may rekindle the smouldering embers. Because the underlying issues remain locked up inside and unresolved, the cycle continues unless change is effected.”

As the time goes by more and more psycologist and sociologists are concerned about the inclination of children and teenagers to harm themeselves. Self-harm which is the intentional self-poisoning or self-injury, with or without suicidal intent) in children and adolescents has been identified as a major problem in several countries. Much recent information on self-harm in young people has been based on surveys, usually in schools [3,4]. This has highlighted the extent of the problem at the community level. Most individuals who gain access to clinical care, however, have presented to hospital following-harm. However, only a minority of individuals who self-harm in the community present to hospital or any health facility .

Lois is a 32 year married woman and has three children; two boys aged 8 years and 5 years, and a 3-year old girl. She was born into a middle class Portuguese family. She represents a non-linear education trajectory. She completed her basic schooling when she was 15 years old, and joined high school. However, she had to drop out due to financial difficulties. Following this, she started working as a waitress in a restaurant. She left the job after two years, and has been working in a local lodge as a helper (waiter, housekeeper) since then. She represents a linear working class trajectory. She met her husband when she started working in the lodge. At the time of their first meetings, he was working as a local guide for the guests of the lodge. Lois got married to him when she was 22 and he was 25 years old. She had her eldest son when she was 23. She had been living with her parents until the time she got married.

Research shows people engage in self-harm behind closed doors more often than one would imagine. Janis Whitlock a phd and psychologist, discovered in her research for the Cornell Research Program On Self-injury and Recovery, that self-inflicted harm is in fact, common. The article titled, “Who Self Injures?”, make that case prevalent that self-harm is common by drawing on the research of Whitlock and several other researchers’ findings and statistics on the subject. This article defines the type of self-injury that researchers have focused on, who typically engages in self-injury, and why they do.

Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior. Past occurrences may cause someone to act in a certain way, especially within social situations. Deliberate Self-Harm (DSH) is a behavior in which a person commits an act with the purpose of physically harming themselves with or without real suicidal intent. Self-harm is most often related to going through trauma in childhood rather than as an adult. There are many reasons why people are known to self-harm; a lot of the time it is to help feel the pain they are feeling on the inside in another way. One of the reasons a person may self-harm is due to a high rate of childhood sexual or physical abuse within their past. Despite people’s beliefs, people who suffer from a self-harm disorder are not doing it for attention. If someone sees cuts or scars on someone’s wrists or legs, their immediate reaction is that it is from attention. In reality people who self-harm are not doing it for attention and a lot of the time these people take every precaution to hide the cuts to not be questioned about it. There has been research conducted on many aspects that tie into this behavior; research that involves both men and women, the outcomes of childhood abuse, and more. Together, these articles of research

Self-harm, or parasuicide, is a deliberate injury inflicted upon oneself. Unfortunately, it is an issue primarily found in the younger population. Since it is difficult to clinically follow-up these cohorts due to their chaotic nature and constant geographic mobility (Sinclair, Hawton & Gray, p. 247), the long-term consequences of an episode of self-harm are not well-known. In this paper, I will summarize the findings of researchers Sinclair, Hawton and Gray who found that the patients admitted in the hospital due to self-harm, after six years, have significantly higher mortality, higher morbidity and lower quality of life compared to the general population (p. 250). Moreover, I will elaborate my own one-year therapy plan that will be focused on tackling the main issues that contribute to the comorbidity of self-harm: depression and alcohol abuse. Lastly, I will look at another possible treatment involving community reinforcement.

People who attempt self-harm often think of suicide. On the other hand, there is a saying that people who cut are ‘attention seekers’. Self-harm is difficult to explain, some say that “physical pain wipes out the mental pain for awhile” . Self-harming sends a ‘feel good’ vibe through your body which can make it an addictive pain. However, Self harm is not a mental illness. On the other hand, self-harm can come from disorders such as Personality Disorder, Eating disorder, and Anxiety disorder. People who do self-harm most likely have experienced neglect, abuse, or possibly a deeply disturbing or stressful experience. If a person does drugs or drinks they also could have a high possibility of self-harm. Drugs and Alcohol abuse all lower

Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a behavior in which an individual commits an act with the purpose of physically harming themselves with or without real suicidal intent. The reasons for self-harm are complex and not everyone self-harms for the same reason. The cause of self-harm varies with age and can start at any given moment. Self-harm behaviors normally end, but for many it can last well into adulthood. The causes of self-harm are both psychological and environmental in nature, but can overall be seen as a way to cope with stress. As the main reasons for self-injury relate to stress, one of the main environmental components of self-harm is the presence of trauma. This may be a past trauma, such as a high rate of sexual or physical assault

Deliberate self-harm is a term that covers a wide range of behaviours some of which are directly related to suicide and some are not. This is a relatively common behaviour that is little understood. This essay provides an overview of the nature and extent of those most at risk of self-harm, including causes and risk factors. Examining some of the stereotyping that surrounds self -harm, and looking at ways in which self-harm can be prevented.

Self-harm amongst the Australian adolescent population, is a confronting public health issue due to both the immediate and potentially long-term physical and psychological

One of the behaviors teens might encounter is self injury. There are three categories for self injury: major self injury, stereotypic self injury, and superficial self injury (Anonymous, 1999). Most teenagers self harm themselves because it’s the only way to express how they’re feeling. Self injury isn’t a topic you would discuss occasionally with family. No one should have to discuss this topic with their children because it should be the last thing that crosses their mind. Unfortunately, teens face situations like this every day. Teenager’s self injury is described as “the deliberate, direct, non-suicidal destruction or altercation of one’s body tissue” (Favazza, 1996). Victims of self injury cut themselves in certain places, so people won’t see their scars. This method of cutting increases the ability to keep harming themselves and no one will know about it. According to the 1999 movie Secret Cutting, the most common body parts injured are

Self-harm, self-injury, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) are all terms that describe the act of intentional infliction of tissue damage or pain to oneself without the intent of dying by suicide (Briere & Gill, 1998; Andover et al., 2005; Nock & Favazza, 2009; Klonsky, 2011; Young & Stark, 2011; Makowska et al., 2016). The cases of self-injury has doubled over the past ten years in adolescents (Makowska et al., 2016). Self-injury is experienced by 4% of the general population, however, self-harm was reported by 21% of individuals in clinical settings, and those individuals reported the behavior is often done compulsively or repetitively (Briere & Gill, 1998).

Many teenagers are suffering a hidden pain in the privacy of their homes. They secretly cut, burn, scratch, pull hair, and bruise their bodies. The psychosis is termed non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI).Teenagers are feeling pressures from typical insecurities of low self-esteem, body image, fashion trends, bullying, pressures from friends, and family issues. As a result, teens are turning to the internet for strategies of how to deal with the pressures of life, making this topic more of a public enigma, than a private suffering issue. NSSI is a growing phenomenon and parents and psychologists should advocate safe internet sites, and force social media outlets to provide links for teens to access healthier ways to manage their emotions.