Critical Response Paper

Article 3, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution states that judges “shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour,” meaning that as long as Supreme Court judges don’t commit crimes, they can hold their position

Judicial power is given to the Supreme Court. All nine federal judges are appointed by the President and serve "during good behavior," usually meaning for life. The judges cannot be removed from office except for criminal behavior or malfeasance. This makes them less vulnerable to political pressure and outside influence. The main feature of the independent role for the courts lies in their power to interpret the Constitution. They review the "constitutionality" of laws and executive orders. There are

The Constitution states that federal judges are to be nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. They hold office during good behavior, typically, for life. Through Congressional impeachment proceedings, federal judges may be removed from office for misbehavior.

government is not the only government that has power; provincial governments have a role in

When the Supreme Court was created by the founders, they did not specify term limits. In article III section I, it states, “The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behavior, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.” In this excerpt of the Constitution the wording is very vague. The founders did not anticipate the judges not wanting to step down for the benefit of the country. This 28th amendment sets clear term limits for the Supreme Court Justices. Since the inception of the Supreme Court, most Justices have tried their

The BNA act had to determine what the federal and provincial government would be in charge of in the new country. The federal government passes laws that will be followed by the entire country, while the provincial government passes laws for their specific province only. The federal government is in charge of: the Public Debt and Property, the Regulation of Trade and Commerce, the Raising of Money by any Mode or System of Taxation, postal Service, militia, military, naval service, defense, navigation and shipping, currency and Coinage, banking, Incorporation of Banks, the Issue of Paper Money, bankruptcy and Insolvency, Indians, and Lands reserved for the Indians, naturalization and Aliens, marriage and Divorce, and the Criminal Law. The provincial Government is in charge of; direct Taxation within the Province in order to the raising of a Revenue for Provincial Purposes, The Management and Sale of the Public Lands belonging to the Province and of the Timber and Wood thereon, The Establishment, Maintenance, and Management of Hospitals, Asylums, Charities, Shop, Saloon, Tavern, Auctioneer, and other Licenses in order to the raising of a Revenue for Provincial, Local, or Municipal Purpose The Solemnization of Marriage in the Province, Property and Civil Rights within the Province, The Administration of Justice in the Province, Generally all Matters of a merely local or private Nature in the Province. If one party does pass a law that intrudes on the

While our nation was founded on the principle of a balance of power, coming from the ideology of Baron de Montesquieu, the Judicial, unlike any other branch, does not have regular elections for its positions or terms like Presidency or Congress. Justices are nominated and confirmed for seats on the Supreme Court for life and have the option to leave whenever they choose to, not when they are voted out of office. An example of this is Justice Stanley F. Reed. He worked with the panels for the D.C. Circuit and

A job is something that a person with the right qualifications is able to acquire. If at any time, such person proves to be inadequate for such a job. Then we should be able to replace them for a better candidate. Unless, The justices that were appointed became incapable of committing errors. At any rate, just like all of the officials of congress as well the president have term limits. Supreme court justices should also have term limits. That way their job would depend on whether on their performance on the job.

As it is explained in the Constitution, the ability of Court Justices to hold office “during good Behavior” and does not provide for the necessity that a Court Justice resign after a certain age or period of service”(U.S Constitution). When James Madison wrote the U.S Constitution, it did not specify the term limit of the judges, which makes the judges more fair and allows them to rule the cases without worrying about being reelected. Moreover, another reason that the Supreme Court judges judges are appointed for life is to assure the integrity of the power granted to Court Justices and protect them against unwarranted interference from either the legislative or executive branch”(Constitution 1). Since Congress does not have the power to interfere with the power of the judicial branch, they are able to rule in a fair and just manner. So this way it is guaranteed that the people will receive the best trial and obtain their desired wishes.

The President and Vice-President together represent the Executive Branch, the president can implement the laws as executive orders and serves up to two four year terms. The presidential powers are to serve as commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. With the Advice and Consent of congress, he may appoint officials, officers, federal judges, and ambassadors. He may also convene congress in special sessions,

Canada is a centralized federation which means the majority of power lies with the federal government, but the provincial governments have some power too. There are ten provincial governments in Canada, one for each province. The provincial governments are responsible for “public schooling, health and social services, highways, the administration of justice, and local government.” Because of Canada’s large provinces, their provincial governments are given more power than what is the case in many western federalist systems. For example, the United States has much smaller states and many more of them, and their state governments have less autonomy than the Canadian provincial governments.

Federal judges can only be removed by being impeached by the House of Representatives and conviction through the Senate. Otherwise, judges and justices serve limitless terms. They serve until retirement, death or conviction by the Senate. By design, this insulates them from the temporary passions of the public, and allows them to apply the law with only justice in mind, and not electoral or political concerns (The White House). The other branches, on the other hand, are forced to worry about elections and popular opinion, which may lead to unjust policies and a blurred view on the American

Throughout one's lifetime there are a variety of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) which can impact a student's social emotional perspectives. These events can affect a student's mental wellbeing and thus could impact the individuals' perspectives in the classroom. PTEs may include car accidents, witnessing a death, and family violence, all of which may lead to increases in stress (Grasso, Ford, & Briggs-Gowan, 2012). Additionally, for some individuals, athletic injuries may be a PTE (Michell, Evans, Rees, & Hardy, 2014). Often PTEs can lead to an increase in stress and could lead to psychological concerns such as depression or anxiety for students. Specifically, Galatzer-Levy, Burton, and Bonanno (2012) indicate coping from PTEs

One can easily see here that the provisions for the Canadian distribution of powers will be critical to the execution and further legislation concerning the Framework. Left almost as untouched since 1867, “section 91 of the Constitution Act, 1867 grants broad powers to the federal government to legislate for "Peace, Order and good Government of Canada, in relation to all Matters not coming within the classes of subjects by this Act assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the Provinces."” (Beaudoin, 2006) Provincial governments, on the other hand, have jurisdiction over their internal constitutions, direct taxation for provincial purposes, municipalities, school boards, hospitals, property and civil rights, and so on. Moreover, provinces were given more powers regarding natural resources post-1982, precisely, were now able to indirectly tax for natural

Researching the issue of smoking and tobacco addiction in Russia has allowed me to learn more about the history and culture of the country, and increase my understanding about the effects of smoking in Russian-speaking communities. Although no one in my close family smokes, I was surrounded by smokers when growing up and the issue of smoking remained unaddressed until I moved to Australia, where there are many anti-smoking campaigns and education about the effect of drugs on the mind and body. After researching the topic, I realised that my knowledge and understanding about this issue had been very minor before conducting this investigation.