Critical Review On Job Design

Motivational factors – like achievement, recognition, advancement, and responsibility are related to job satisfaction while extrinsic factors

Workers who are not achieving job satisfaction put in their time without any passion or energy. Employees who are not satisfied in their jobs tends to undermine the accomplishments of their co-workers. Some individuals may develop meaning from the opportunities they are afforded because of the job, and not from the job itself. Others may find the job as a means of advancing themselves and thereby becoming the best possible them. Individuals who indulge in craftsmanship may take pride in having executed a thoroughly complete job. While those in the service industry may find purpose in the thought or belief structure up on which their work is built. Others may derive meaning from the sense of affiliation they share with

Goal setting is about linking tasks to performance and it is used to establish and present counsel to employees on how much efforts are demanded and what work need to be done. In the HIS case work reflects the goals of the department. At the lowest point, which is the employee level, a job is set as task, duties, assignments and duties for a stratum of employees. The overall work would be constituted by the total aggregation of all department jobs. The role of the leaders will be to examine departments alignment in order to achieve organizational goals. Four different levels being engineering, restructuring, work redesign and job redesign are used to align organizational goals. Health information

The Value Percept Theory argues that job satisfaction depends on whether a job supplies the things an individual value most. Overall satisfactions derive form combined levels of satisfaction from various elements of an individual’s job, whether it’s: pay, promotion, supervision, coworkers, or the work itself. Job satisfaction is based on cognitive and affective components, which is evaluated by what an individual thinks about the job, and how they feel. Cognition evaluation is based on experiences, weighing different aspects of a job; as affect is a reaction of the job, which can fluctuate based on moods and emotions. Level of dissatisfaction is measured by the difference between what one has and what one wants, and the level of importance of that facet to the individual. Statistics have proven, that supplying individuals with what they value, will increase the chance of better performance, which has a high correlation with an individual’s affective commitment with the organization.

Successful work-design initiatives must overcome many obstacles in order to have their intended impact. This article outlines eight obstacles to work redesign: (1) influences on multiple outcomes, (2) trade-offs between different approaches, (3) difficulty in choosing appropriate units of analysis, (4) difficulty in predicting the nature of the job, (5) complications from individual differences, (6) job enlargement occurring without job enrichment, (7) creating new jobs as part of growth or downsizing, and (8) differences between longterm and short-term effects.

Job design theory is an important concept in business management. The way a job is designed affects employee work performance. It is crucial that organizations create an environment where workers are motivated by jobs in which they feel challenged but at the same time, their work goes with the objectives of the company. Designing jobs properly will cause a positive impact on motivation, performance, and job satisfaction on those who perform them (Moorhead and Griffin, 1998). According to the hierarchical scheme of five basic needs of A. H. Maslow, people need to stay alive, to be safe, to be with others, to be respected and to do work that corresponds to our gifts and abilities (Bittel and Newstrom, 1990). Based

The job characteristics model is one of the most influential attempts to design jobs with increased motivational properties. Proposed by Hackman and Oldham, the model describes five core job dimensions leading to three critical psychological states, resulting in work-related outcomes.

Job characteristics model is one of a job design models. It refers to the relation of motivational mechanism to the job characteristics and organisation outcomes. Hackman and Oldham (1976) developed job characteristics model. The model leads to high motivation, high job satisfaction and low employee turnover, under the right circumstances of five dimensions. These are skill variety, task identify, task significance, autonomy and job feedback (McShane, Olekalns, & Travaglione, 2013, p. 185). The five dimensions impacts employee motivation and satisfaction through three critical psychological states: experienced meaningfulness, experienced responsibility and knowledge of results. Moreover, individual differences also influence job motivation, thus job design does not increase work motivation for employee in every condition (McShane, Olekalns, & Travaglione, 2013, p. 185). Additionally, job characteristics model may encourage positive attitudes and increase work productivity by enhancing jobs and the five dimensions (Bacha, 2014, p. 412).

As a newly appointed District Manager for the five new Dunkin’ Donuts locations, it is imperative I provide a solid business model and operation procedures to maintain a productive organization. As the District Manager my goal is to increase revenue and promote the brand name of Dunkin’ Donuts. This article will analyze multiple categories in managing this franchise. I will discuss: Job Design, Organizational Design, Recruiting and Selection, and Training and Performance Appraisals.

Job satisfaction is a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or job experiences. It has been treated both as a general attitude and satisfaction with five specific dimensions of the job: pay, the work itself, promotion opportunities, supervision, and coworkers. Challenging work, valued rewards, opportunities for advancement, competent supervision, and supportive coworkers are dimensions of the job that can lead to satisfaction (Nelson & Quick, 2013, pg.

The job characteristics model was projected in the 1970s by Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham to present a comprehensive and precise description of the consequences of job design involving motivation, job satisfaction, performance, and other vital features of organizational behavior. The job characteristics model concentrates on the aspect that makes jobs intrinsically motivating. Hackman and Oldham rationalize that when employees are intrinsically motivated, good performance makes them feel good. This feeling motivates them to persist to execute at a high level, so good presentation becomes self-reinforcing.

Industrial/Organizational (I/O) Psychology is devoted to the study of employee behavior in the workplace and understanding the issues facing organizations and employees in today’s complex and ever changing environment. Motivation refers to the set of forces that influence people to choose various behaviors among several alternatives available to them. An organization depends on the ability of management to provide a positive, fostering and motivating environment for its employees in order to increase profits, productivity and lower turnover rates of its employees. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and compare six academic journal articles and explore the behavior, job, and need based theories of motivation that can aid management in motivating and understanding their employees. Finding that delicate balance to can sometimes be elusive so effectively learning how to motivate by understanding, controlling and influencing factors to manipulate behavior and choices that are available to employees can produce the desired outcome.

The relationship between job satisfaction, motivation, and efficiency or productivity is very important in the business industry as well as in personal life. Long term research has found that the single greatest predictor of longevity is work satisfaction. Work is one third to one half of a persons' lifetime, and if frustrated the mental and physical effects are very costly. Job characteristics including skill variety, task identity, and task significance lead to psychological conditions in which in turn leads to increased motivation, performance and job satisfaction. It is important to investigate this area in order to determine how much of an effect does

To understand the concept of job satisfaction the research has identified two aspects of it, they are, the facets satisfaction and overall satisfaction (Cherrington,1994; Fields, 2002). Individuals can be satisfied or dissatisfied with their overall job (Ironson, Smith, Brannick, Gibson, & Paul, 1989) and with specific job facets, such as the level of pay, promotion opportunities, co-workers, working conditions and supervision, contingent rewards, benefits, nature of work, or communication (Spector, 1997; Locke, 1976; Smith, Kendall & Hulin, 1969). The evidence shows that distinctive job facets such as pay satisfaction, opportunities for promotion, relationships with co-workers and supervisors have significant effects on job satisfaction (Ting, 1997; Ellickson & Logsdon, 2002; Pohlmann; 1999). The overall satisfaction is considered in terms of good salary, compassionate supervisors and co-operative co-workers. Conversely, the job dissatisfaction derives for instance form low pay or incompetent supervisors. Therefore, the feeling of overall satisfaction or dissatisfaction depends on the intensity and frequency of positive and negative experiences with job (Cherrington, 1994; Ironson, Smith, Brannick, Gibson, & Paul,

The expectancy theory of motivation has become an increasingly popular model for predicting work performance and job preference. The empirical tests of this model have typically employed correlation analysis to