Critical Review On Syphilis

One important Healthy People 2020 initiative to discuss is the prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections. The goal set through Healthy People 2020 (2015) is, “To promote healthy sexual behaviors, strengthen community capacity, and increase access to quality services to prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and their complications.” This health care initiative is important through-out the lifespan. It is important when trying to prevent transmission from mother to child and during sexual contact between adolescents, young adults, middle-aged adults, and the elderly. During the pregnancy and birthing process it is important to identify TORCH infections that can be acquired congenitally from mother to offspring. These infections can be transmitted during the birthing process and through breast feeding. It requires important education and prevention measures to help reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality (Stegmann & Carey, 2002). This group

"Thirty years ago today, the Washington Evening Star newspaper ran this headline on its front page: "Syphilis Patients Died Untreated."

Although in many cases the patient might feel intimidated and ask the health provider if using birth control is appropriate. I always reassured them and let the decision be theirs, and I also let them know that I am here to support them either way. However, I will educate them on the importance of taking care of themselves and have children whenever they are ready. Introduction of sex education in high school will be beneficial before teens become sexually active and encouraged the use of birth control to those who cannot wait. In most cases peer pressure and unforeseen circumstances drives predisposes teens and young adult to become sexually active early. Caring theory of Jean Watson have always guide my practice, I am here to help and care for the patient regardless of their health chooses they make for themselves. Utley, (2014). Implementation of caring science to patient care provide human compassion, promotes healing, and health. Women have major roles to play in the family and the community therefore, encouraging, helping, and supporting this population to maintain a healthy life should be our

This paper discusses an experiment meant to cure and learn more syphilis, a venereal disease spread through sexual intercourse or from a mother to a child during pregnancy. It discusses the bacterium that causing the disease and the blood test that was created to diagnose it. The Division of Venereal diseases was eventually created in the United States Public Health Service to help study and control sexually transmitted diseases. A fund was created in the South to help control syphilis and help develop health programs for African Americans. A control study that was also designed to treated syphilis was eventually created. After realizing the alarming outbreak of syphilis,

Women that have syphilis and go untreated can be at risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, blindness or stroke. There has even been a rise in newborns they are born with syphilis. There are several reasons into why there is an increase in the Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Some of the reasons are both race and gender have multiple correlates that may account for these differences, including cultural expectations, experience of sexual victimization, socio-economic status, access to community resources, education, and poor family environment. There are several myths out there about sexually transmitted disease such catching it from a toilet seat, you can’t get an STD the first time having sex, or that only people that have sex with multiple partners get sexually transmitted

Youth and young adults and women continue to bear the burden of chlamydia and gonorrhea; the burden of syphilis among young adults has become more pronounced, in 2010, 50% of primary and secondary syphilis cases were under 30 years of age.

Sex education has helped to reduce unplanned pregnancies. (Bonner and Williams 2006). The study showed that because they were taught both abstinence and comprehensive sex education, this lead to a decline in unplanned pregnancies and abortions (Bonner and Williams 2006). It showed in the study that women are more likely to change their attitudes about sex education if they are given accurate information. Most of the women only went to get information from the doctor once they had unplanned pregnancies. Most women’s attitudes about sex education come from friends and not doctors. The study showed that most women prefer to get sex education from a friend and only see a doctor once she has had an unplanned pregnancy (Bonner and Williams

For forty years between 1932 and 1972, the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) conducted an experiment on about six hundred black men of whom four hundred were infected with syphilis, while the other two hundred uninfected served as the control group. to determine the natural course of untreated syphilis in black male in Macon County, Alabama. These men, for the most part illiterate sharecroppers were never told what disease they were suffering from or of its seriousness. The victims were lured to the hospital with promises of free transportation, lunches, medical care, and burials, they were informed that they were being treated for “bad blood,” and fact their doctors had no intention of curing them of syphilis at all. The study was meant to discover how syphilis affected blacks as opposed to whites, the theory being that whites experienced more neurological complications from syphilis whereas blacks were more susceptible to cardiovascular damage. The true nature of the experiment had to be kept from the subjects to ensure their cooperation. Almost none of these victims has ever seen a doctor before, and were pleased to hear that they were getting free medical treatment for “bad blood”.

According to James, 13 of the first 21 of the California mission were founded during Phase I of the syphilis epidemic, and five additional missions were founded during phase two. Santa Inés Mission was founded in 1804 during phase 3 of the syphilis’s outbreak and the final two missions were founded during Phase IV of the epidemic. The general trend shows that as the syphilis epidemic phases intensified the Indians became weaker and unable to build and more missions hence the declining numbers of established missions. In 1813 Ramón Olbés wrote about the effect of syphilis at mission Santa Barbra. He says ‘‘the most pernicious [disease] and the one that has afflicted them most here for some years is syphilis. All are infected with it.’’ He continues and says ‘‘As a result births are few and deaths are many, (James 111). This further demonstrates the severity of syphilis from someone who actually witness the effects of syphilis and how deadly and how contagious this infection

When one hears the medical condition “syphilis,” the thoughts of unprotected sex comes to mind. Today, syphilis (and other common sexually transmitted infections) is taught in schools in the topic of sex education. Presently, we know syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochete bacterium. The primary route of transmission is through sexual contact; (but it may also be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy or at birth). Syphilis is known to be one of the more serious infections and fear of being infected is present. It is also commonly known that the diagnosis takes all but a simple blood test. So to avoid contracting this infection, sexually active individuals are advised by the State Health Department to always practice safe sex by simply using a condom (or of the like). Nonetheless, syphilis was not such an easily understandable infection at the time of antiquity. Not only was it not understood, but there ranged from sensible to crazed theories and treatments of the infection.

As an epidemiologist called in to conduct an investigation into the syphilis outbreak in my community, I first intend on following up on the routine interviews done by the public health nurse in the office. Foremost, I would visit each individual affected and a targeted line of questioning would be posed. Verifying person, place, and times as to exposure in paramount in understanding the cause of the presence of disease in the community (Goldsteen, Goldsteen, & Dwelle, 2015). Questions would include the number of sexual partners they have had in their lifetime and a names of their most recent partners, collecting addresses and phone numbers of the names collected. Syphilis is a bacterial sexually transmitted disease divided into four stages,

Throughout the ages, while the origins to this day continue to be debated, the strength and potency of the disease have rarely been in question. Syphilis, while not viewed as a huge threat due to a decreased number of cases in the mid-late 1990s, needs to be taken more seriously by the public because it is more dangerous than many realize, especially because it is extremely contagious, it is extremely elegant in the symptoms it produces, it has played a larger part in history than many would think, and there is a certain stigma which surrounds the disease, which in turn pushes individuals away from receiving the necessary testing.

In actuality there was only one stated purpose for this study and that was to study “the effects of untreated syphilis in African Americans.” Although the stated purpose the nearly 600 participants heard was that this study was a cure for “bad blood.” Not only were participants in this study African American but they were also mostly poor, illiterate farmers in Alabama. The ideal test group for researchers that didn’t want/need many questions arising.

Serologic response should be compared with the titer at the time of treatment. However, assessing serologic response to treatment can be difficult, and definitive criteria for cure or failure have not been well established. In addition, nontreponemal test titers might decline more slowly for persons previously treated for syphilis. Persons who have signs or symptoms that persist or recur and those with at least a fourfold increase in nontreponemal test titer persisting for two weeks likely experienced treatment failure or were reinvested. These persons should be retreated and reevaluated for HIV infection. Because treatment failure usually cannot be reliably distinguished from reinfection with T. pallidum, a CSF analysis also should be performed. Failure of nontreponemal test titers to decline fourfold within 6–12 months after therapy for primary or secondary syphilis might be indicative of treatment failure. However, clinical trial data have demonstrated that 15%–20% of persons with primary and secondary syphilis treated with the recommended therapy will not achieve the fourfold decline in nontreponemal titer used to define response at 1 year after treatment Serologic response to treatment appears to be associated with several factors, including the person’s stage of syphilis and

Syphilis: Syphilis is regularly determined to have a blood test, in spite of the fact that a syphilitic skin sore can likewise be tried. Syphilis is effortlessly passed on to your unborn youngster. It is probably going to make an intense contamination your child that can be lethal. The babies are regularly untimely. Untreated newborn children that survive have a tendency to create issues in different organs, including the cerebrum, eyes, ears, heart, skin, teeth, and bones.