Critical Thinking - Fallacies

Think deeply! Think and keep thinking. Still, not everyone who thinks or thinks deeply is actually critical thinking. You can be highly intelligent or have vast knowledge but that doesn’t mean that you can think critically. Using intelligence and knowledge to reach one’s rationale viewpoint and objective in what a critical thinker does. The opinions and beliefs of a critical thinker stand on firmer ground. Better decisions and problems solving are more credible and supported by reasons and facts instead of false information and statements.

Critical thinking is a part of everyday life and does not necessarily mean making a decision in a high pressure or high stakes environment. It can be as simple as understanding connections between one concept and another in order to anticipate what the outcome may be. Or, it may be detecting faulty reasoning that is purported in a television commercial. “It entails effective

Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In its exemplary form, it is based on universal intellectual values that transcend subject matter divisions: clarity, accuracy, precision, consistency, relevance, sound evidence, good reasons, depth, breadth, and fairness. (Critical thinking community, n.d.)

Critical thinking is one of the most important traits that a person can have in their day to day lives. It involves the person to have the ability to ascertain claims and make judgments based on well-support evidence or logic rather than anecdote or emotion. There are 8 protocols that critical thinkers’ exhibit in their day to day lives in order to become better at their craft.

Over the last thirty years, the health care system has incurred dramatic changes, resulting in new advances in technology and medical theories. Greater demand for quality care by consumers, more knowledgeable patients, remarkable disease processes, shorter hospitalizations, and the continuing pressure to lower health care costs are all contributing factors in the necessary changes to the nursing practice. In order for nurses to deliver optimum care, they must develop a higher quality of thinking capability. We will review the information given in this research paper to discuss the impact of critical thinking in the nursing profession, as well as the various strategies / techniques used in assisting

An emotional appeal is a logical fallacy. This means the debater attempts to win an argument by trying to get an emotional reaction from the audience. In Martin Luther King Jr’s speech he uses this a lot. An example of this is in the second paragraph. Dr. King says, “...Repeatedly faced with the cruel irony of watching Negro and white boys on TV screens as they kill and die together for a nation.” This is saying that you aren’t allowed to be educated the same but the world doesn’t care about the way anyone were to die. A second example is also found in the second paragraph. “Sending their sons and their brothers and their husbands to fight and to die in high proportions.” This sentence means that it isn’t just affecting some people but the whole world. When he adds these emotional facts in his speech it makes the audience feel worse for them and they try to connect to the speech in a different

As critical thinkers, it is imperative that we have the ability to take fallacies into account - especially when it comes to advertisement. It is very easy to become influenced based on how products, such as food, liquor, diet supplements, and even toothpastes are presented to us. Some products may appeal to different aspects of our lives, this is done by the use of rhetorical devices. In other words, rhetoric devices are “used to influence beliefs or attitudes through the associations, connotations, and implications of words, sentences, or more extended passages. Rhetorical devices include slanters and fallacies” (Higher Education). Some advertisements may appeal to our emotions, which is known as pathos. On the other hand, others may

This assignment will showcase your ability to recognize and examine argument structure.  Please be sure to follow all of the assignment guidelines, which your instructor will give to you in class or listed below.

The Purpose of this paper is to apply the 10 steps developed by (Browne & Keeley, 2010) and I will apply those methods on the following memo. A memo was drafted by Ms. Mary Ford (personal communication, January 30, 2012) who is Director of Amalgamated Public Employees Union (APEU) Local No. 121 to Mr. Hector Fuentes the President of APEU Local No. 121 on the issue on New Mexico State Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) Outsourcing, proposed by the New Mexico Governor Gloria Gainor. This is response memo to the Governor’s (personal communication, October 20, 2011) letter informing the APEU Local No. 121 the intent to

Victor Davis Hanson’s op-ed piece about the dangers of defense cuts demonstrates shortfalls in two critical thinking areas. These areas are “POINT OF VIEW” and “EVALUATION OF INFORMATION,” as described by Dr. Gerras’ paper on critical thinking. Strategic leaders familiar with the Dr. Gerras’ Critical Thinking Model are able to use it to analyze Mr. Hanson’s article. It is imperative that strategic leaders become critical thinkers. They can use Dr. Gerras’ model to identify the various critical thinking shortfalls. There are multiple instances of “POINT OF VIEW” and “EVALUATION OF INFORMATION” critical thinking shortfalls intertwined throughout the op-ed piece .

A crucial skill in critical thinking is learning to distinguish inference from assumption. An inference is an act of concluding that something is true or seems to be true. An assumption is an act of assuming something based on previous beliefs. Everyone has their own point of view, therefore, they have different assumptions about what the see. For example, if two people see an overweight person at the gym, one might infer, "There's a lazy person." The other might infer, "That person is taking control of their health." These inferences are based on different assumptions about the conditions under which overweight people end up in the gym; these assumptions are connected to the point of view about people that each has formed. The first person

When the Judge admonished the Jury, he told them they must reach a unanimous decision beyond a reasonable doubt. The "hero" of this movie appears to be Henry Fonda, the first juror to vote "not guilty". He kept challenging the evidence by saying "isn 't it possible?"...that the evidence was wrong. Do some critical thinking on this...using a good paragraph answer if "isn 't it possible?" is the same thing as "beyond a reasonable doubt." Start with a “yes” or “no” and then eleaborate.

The advertisement I created is an ideal example for my propaganda device Appeal to Emotions. Appeal to Emotions is when an ad is created specifically for drawing on the viewers emotions in order to get them to make a donation to a specific organization or cause. The first thing you notice when looking at this advertisement is the sad expression on the child and the tears running down its face. When most people see the face of a sad child they begin to feel empathy for the child or feel sadness themselves about the situation this child is in. Because of these feelings of empathy there is a good chance this will make them want to help the child if they can. The viewer would most likely then notice the words on the advertisement which read “for

Critical thinking,according to Joe Lau & Jonathan Chan (2004-2017), is the ability to think clearly and rationally about what to do or what to believe. On numerous occasions in which our ability to deduce fallacies will be questioned. Having the capacity to be a critical thinker, or being able to critically think, students will be able to make use of information to identify a s solve problems. It can be argued that anyone who has the capacity to retain information is a critical thinker, which in most cases is not true. Being a critical thinker means that one is able to think outside the box using our own experiences and that of others to deduce misinformation and create possible solutions.

The concept of critical thinking in my eyes basically means thinking outside the box! In other words, means to think about the topic or situation in another way then what the specific reason should be. I think we all think outside the box and we think that a certain situation should be done another way. For example, I work in the claims department for life insurance and I code a lot of different reasons for cause of death. When I look at a death certificate there are multiple reasons to why the insured has passed away from but I need to be specific on the cause of death. I have to think outside the box about the main reason why the insured passed away from what illness and then start coding it from the different causes they have had listed