Assignment On Probation And Punishment

One of the first prison systems was called the Pennsylvania System. The ideology of this system was used in the Eastern State Penitentiary in the early 1800s. This system had very definite ideas on how a prison should be organized and managed. The operation of this prison was based on the following 5 general principles (Clear, Cole, & Reisig, 2006):

The Penitentiary Era 1790 to 1825 mass prison building era housed many prisoners with the goals of rehabilitation; deterrence and allowing the inmates to work during the day and when they returned were put into solitary confinement (Ortmeier 2006, 391). This new era was too focused on making prisoners think about their crimes and learn skills in workshops and general labor to reenter society as a productive member. Capital and corporal punishment were looked down upon by many and they did not actually fix the problems of rising crime. Often time’s prisoners were held in a large jail cells, men and women alike that resulted in rape and fighting among each other. The strengths of this era looked to keep prisoners safe and at times lessen

A quality paper will include an introduction based on a well-formed thesis statement. The logical order of the paper’s content will be derived from the thesis statement. Sentences and paragraphs will be clear, concise, and factually correct. The content will be properly subdivided into sections derived from the outline or TOC. In a quality paper, the conclusion will summarize the previously presented content, and will complement the thesis statement from the introduction.

1. The body of the paper (excluding the title page and reference page) must be at least 1,500 words long.

The paper contains an introductory paragraph with a thesis statement, followed by an outline of supporting information, and is formatted according to APA; title & reference page

Since World War II through the 1970s, many changes occurred in the United States correctional systems. Rehabilitation Model is a treatment program that was designed to reform the inmates. According to www.copower.org, “This model is similar to the medical model; it regards the person with a disability as in need of services from a rehabilitation professional who can provide training, therapy, counseling or other services to make up for the deficiency caused by the disability. Historically, it gained acceptance after World War II when many disabled veterans needed to be re-introduced into society. The

Community correction is a term that refers to everything ranging from diversion before the trial to the punishments that follows after the trial. This refers to any way ranging to non imprisonment yet supervised ways used to deal with criminal offenders who are facing conviction or who has been convicted. (Beck et al., 2001). Probation as well as parole are the two most commonly way of dealing with the offenders though there are many ways such as being confined at home, electronic surveillance, day fines, community service shock probation and residential community supervision to mention but a few. The following are some of the intermediate sanction actions in the criminal corrections:

Name: Lecturer: Course: Date of Submission: Mass incarceration in American Prisons Introduction More than 2.3 million Americans today are prisoners, a population that represents more than a quarter of the number of prisoners in the world. This means that 760 Americans in one hundred thousand are prisoners in America (Detotto and Pulina). The rise in prisoners’ numbers has sharply risen since 1980 with the cost of maintaining the prison going to over four hundred percent within the same period.

Sentencing bias occurs in most of the court cases in the United States of America. Sentencing bias can include races such as Hispanic/Latino, Asian Americans, White Americans, and Native Americans. This brings us to talk about sentencing disparities? In which a court case trial is not treated the same or it is treated differently than other cases. However, who faces the most disparities in sentencing? Could it be African American’s who face’s the most trends and Asian American’s the least trends in sentencing disparities? Or could it be Hispanic/Latino’s who are the least victims of sentencing disparities? Many authors have studied the trends of sentencing disparities, and they have encountered many findings. Many of these findings were found by researching case studies. Criminologists and researchers looked at misdemeanor cases, felony cases, and as well as simple traffic violations. Sentencing occurs in even the smallest traffic violation, because the offender of the ticket still has to attend court to fight to ticket.

Begin your paper with an appropriate introduction, including a thesis statement to introduce the purpose of the paper.

Judicial discretion was prevalent over the first half of the last three decades, but has been regulated by legislature since 1984. Discretion by definition is the authorization of deciding as one thinks fit, absolutely or within limits (Ntanda, 1999). Indeterminate sentencing, traditionally, has afforded judges considerable discretion over the resolve of criminal sentencing. “While such discretion theoretically allows judges to tailor sentences to the circumstances of individual crimes and criminals, thereby achieving a sort of ex post fairness, it also permits variation in sentences that may not be warranted by the observable facts of the case, reflecting instead the judge’s own preferences” (Miceli, 2008, p.207). The punishment

There are times when almost everyone wonders exactly what the purpose of probation is, what kinds of conditions can be imposed if someone is put on probation, and what roles the probation officer and the court systems play in the scheme of things. If you know someone that is on probation it may not hurt to know a little bit about the way it works and that is exactly what we will be talking about here.

Question: Discuss the history of the prison system in the United States. Be sure to identify the various stages that the American prison system has gone through. Also identify what problems were present with each stage as you see them.

John Augustus were known as “Father of Probation." He released an adult drunkard into his custody rather than sending him to prison. Later on, he convinced the court to release more offenders to his supervision including children who had been accused of stealing. By 1846, about thirty children were under his supervision, and eleven hundred persons were bailed both male and female by Augustus (American Probation and Parole Association).

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, “probationers are offenders under adult supervision who are placed on supervision in the community by the court, generally as an alternative to incarceration”. Conditions of probation vary greatly among jurisdictions. Some offenders who receive probation may have a split-sentence imposed. This means they are incarcerated for a period of time and then are released on probation. Once on probation, an offender receives an order they will be on either active status or other orders may be deemed an offender as on inactive status. For those who do have to report, they may be given the option to report in electronically or by calling their probation officer regularly. Some are allowed to check in