Cross-Sectional Study Thesis

In american history we are currently studying the concept of sectionalism. sectionalism is divsion withing a country based on regional beliefs and intrest.in the early to mid 1800’s,sectionalism in America greep as slavery divided the nation. Slavery was ignored,compromised, and argued about by the states until the conflict drove our country into civil war.Although regional difference are not as distinct these days, many issues are currently causing division among the states and people of our country these issues lead to what our history class describe as “modern sectionalism”.one such issues abortion.

I will now be explaining the five roles of research and giving an example for each one of the roles. The five roles of research include: research to inform policy or practice, research to extend knowledge and understanding, research to improve practice, research to aid reflection and allow progress to be monitored and finally research to examine topics of contemporary importance.

12. Briefly discuss S.P.’s nutritional needs. The client is at risk for inadequate References Katz, J. N., Wright, E. A., Polaris, J. J., Harris, M. B., & Losina, E. (2014, May 22). Prevalence and risk factors for periprosthetic fracture in older recipients of total hip replacement: a cohort study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 15(1), 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-15-168Lewis, S. L., Dirksen, S. R., Heitkemper, M. M., Bucher, L., & Camera, I. M. (2011). Medical-surgical nursing: Assessment and management of clinical problems (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: else

Perioperative Nursing Written Paper Robyn Weiner New York University College of Nursing Spring 2015 A total knee replacement (TKA) is the most common joint surgery performed in the United States (Turner, 2011, pp. 27-32). Each year, over 650,000 Americans undergo this surgery (Wittig-Wells, 2015, pp. 45-49). It is an invasive surgery that involves an incision on top of the knee and replacing damaged parts of the knee with artificial parts that are either metal, ceramic or plastic. Someone would get a total knee replacement for damage of the joint, osteoarthritic, posttraumatic, or inflammatory arthritis. The cartilage is damaged, wears away and then you develop bony deformity and contracture of ligaments but it starts out with specific defects or wear of cartilage. The top nursing priorities for a total knee arthroplasty is to “prevent complications, promote optimal mobility, alleviate pain, and provide information about diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment needs” (Doenges, 2014, pg. 627). A possible nursing diagnosis from the patient who is undergoing a TKA might be ‘impaired physical mobility related to pain and discomfort as evidenced by reluctance to attempt movement.’ Another one could be ‘acute pain related to chronic joint disease as evidenced by reports of pain’ (Vera, 2014).

Originating in the United States, ms-13 and similar gangs have had a devastating impact on central America. This article describes the origins from the United States and how through the Los Angeles Riots and other tough on crime policies had the effect of placing many immigrants and criminals back in their home country of central America. The deportees some of that might have been criminals and taken to the United States as children, united in desperation to become ms-13. The article further describes the brutality that the gangs have committed in the region. Through drug trade, smuggling and senseless murder, life in central America has been disturbed by gangs and have become a national security there. The dangers of gangs in central America

After obtaining approval from our Institutional Ethics Committee, a prospective double-blind, randomized, controlled study was conducted in El-Minia University Hospital. Ninety patients of both sex undergoing lower extremities surgery their age ranging from 17- 60 years old, ASA physical status I or II. This study was done from December 2010 to December 2011. All patients gave written informed

Introduction: Mrs. Pink, aged 75 was admitted to the orthopaedic ward after suffering a fall at home, resulting in an intracapsular fracture of the hip at the femoral neck. Mrs. Pink has a history of cancer and cardiac diseases and has severe rheumatoid arthritis. Due to ageing patients putting a great deal of strain on the health care system, the incidences of hip fractures in the elderly are a major concern and requires careful consideration regarding treatment. Known as a major cause of disability in the elderly, hip fractures and their subsequent need for surgery result in chronic pain and an altered quality of life (Strike, Sieber, Gottschalk & Mears, 2013). Although important to improve a patient’s quality of life and physical independence, pain related to a total hip replacement (THR), also known as hip arthroplasty (HA) can lead to delays in ambulation, longer hospital stays, poor functional outcomes and quality of life. The purpose of this essay is to identify the rationale behind nursing interventions provided to post-operative THR patients as well as the pathology of a femoral neck hip fracture and their procedure for assessment and diagnosis.

The document Seniors and Aging – Osteoarthritis as part of the It’s Your Health newsletter was prepared by Health Canada in collaboration with the Public Health Agency of Canada. The target audience of this document are the at-risk population of seniors in Canada, who are at an increased risk for

Early Ambulation After Hip Surgery Accelerates Recovery Colleen Peters Azusa Pacific University GNRS 507: Scientific Writing Diana Amaya Rodriquez, PhD, MS, CNS, RN July 3, 2013 Research studies conducted all over the world, including Japan, Italy, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, and the United States, have explored the effects of early ambulation. Early ambulation is defined as

America should eliminate the common core throughout the country because common core doesn’t give control to teachers and the parents, doesn’t guarantee improvement, and misses the point of education. The reasoning behind the common core is that “15-year-olds rank 31st in math literacy and 23rd in science literacy.” In 2009 the common core was adopted by most of the United States, but doesn’t mean it was the best idea. The person that came up with common core never even worked in an elementary school. The essay goes to talk about how the power is in the hands of the people that made up the common core. Not the teachers or the student's parents that know the kids best. Then talks about the people that made up common core get to pick and choose

Ideally, to better manage frailty either in communities or clinical settings is early detecting as screening frailty. Screening frailty has more advantage on discussing care options and planning the appreciate care. Many frailty measurement instruments have developed and translated for identifying frailty; unfortunately, there was a few instrument using in clinical settings (Buta et al., 2016). Due to lacking the gold standard of frailty instruments, choosing frailty measurement instruments may be a personal decision depending on frailty concept, feasibility, clinical circumstances, and instrument’s predictability (REF). In the orthopedic clinic, the preoperative frailty assessment is the best strategy in managing frailty. Based on our review,

There are highly incidence report not only postoperative delirium (POD), but also postoperative cognitive dysfunction or decline (POCD) in older adults as a common phenomenon after major surgery especially joint arthroplasty. In older adults, an acute phase of cognitive impairment is POD (based on DSM-5: 293.0), and they prone to develop the chronic phase of cognitive impairment as POCD (based on DSM-5: 294.10/11). Older patients who develop POD or POCD during hospitalization are at greater risk for associated short-term and long-term negative consequences such as higher rates of mortality and morbidity, neurological impairment, functional decline, increased the length of hospital stays and high costs of hospitalization. Although the clinical

On the other hand, the sooner the orthopedic lesions, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension are stabilized or cured, the better the surgical results. Recent reports have been more liberal in the indications for surgery (younger patients, with smaller BMIs) using the same parameters as in adults (BMI >40 or BMI >35 with co-morbidities) (Yitzhak et al., 2006).

Frailty assessment tools have been developed for the estimation of perioperative risks in this particular population. Whereas many tools have emerged both clinical and research settings, there is no consensus for which tool is a good measure. Musculoskeletal and Orthopedic surgical field has been facing frailty problems as other areas. Early detection of frailty is essential for managing and alleviating postoperative complications. Thus, the need of measuring frailty, as a tool for preoperative risk stratification and as a strategy to identify potential factors that can be adjusted to pave the way for better postoperative outcomes, is necessary. Therefore, this scoped review aims to identify frailty assessment tools and the extent of the research

Once a researcher has determined what exactly their study will consist of, they must now decide how the information will be analyzed. One of the most important factors to consider when deciding whether to utilize a longitudinal or cross-sectional method to retrieve data is how much time and how variables do you have to measure. The main difference between the two is that longitudinal studies are conducted over a period, and cross-sectional comparisons are made at a sole point in time. When initiating your study, it will be your research question that will dictate which method to use. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies can be looked at as observational studies, in which data is being recorded about participant without controlling the environment of the subjects.