Cross-Sectional Study Thesis

After obtaining approval from our Institutional Ethics Committee, a prospective double-blind, randomized, controlled study was conducted in El-Minia University Hospital. Ninety patients of both sex undergoing lower extremities surgery their age ranging from 17- 60 years old, ASA physical status I or II. This study was done from December 2010 to December 2011. All patients gave written informed

Originating in the United States, ms-13 and similar gangs have had a devastating impact on central America. This article describes the origins from the United States and how through the Los Angeles Riots and other tough on crime policies had the effect of placing many immigrants and criminals back in their home country of central America. The deportees some of that might have been criminals and taken to the United States as children, united in desperation to become ms-13. The article further describes the brutality that the gangs have committed in the region. Through drug trade, smuggling and senseless murder, life in central America has been disturbed by gangs and have become a national security there. The dangers of gangs in central America

The document Seniors and Aging – Osteoarthritis as part of the It’s Your Health newsletter was prepared by Health Canada in collaboration with the Public Health Agency of Canada. The target audience of this document are the at-risk population of seniors in Canada, who are at an increased risk for developing osteoarthritis. The document emphases certain risk factors that increase the likelihood of getting osteoarthritis and highlights potential steps to decrease one’s likelihood of developing the condition. The majority of Canadians with osteoarthritis are above the age of seventy. Therefore, the purpose of the document is to decrease the prevalence of osteoarthritis by educating the population about risk factors for developing the condition.

I will now be explaining the five roles of research and giving an example for each one of the roles. The five roles of research include: research to inform policy or practice, research to extend knowledge and understanding, research to improve practice, research to aid reflection and allow progress to be monitored and finally research to examine topics of contemporary importance.

The United States has a plethora of labor laws in place to help clarify the rights of workers, employers, and even labor unions. Federal laws, such as the Fair Labor Standards Act, the National Labor Relations Act, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Occupational Safety and Health Act helped form the working standards that we still use in today’s society. In the scope of minimum wage policy, The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) helped pioneer the labor force in the US. The FLSA was the first federal statute (that was successfully passed) to introduce the forty-hour workweek, "time-and-a-half" for overtime work, the regulation of child labor, and set a national minimum wage for the first time. Like most federal statutes, adjustments needed to be made over its lifetime.

In american history we are currently studying the concept of sectionalism. sectionalism is divsion withing a country based on regional beliefs and intrest.in the early to mid 1800’s,sectionalism in America greep as slavery divided the nation. Slavery was ignored,compromised, and argued about by the states until the conflict drove our country into civil war.Although regional difference are not as distinct these days, many issues are currently causing division among the states and people of our country these issues lead to what our history class describe as “modern sectionalism”.one such issues abortion.

Mrs. Pink, aged 75 was admitted to the orthopaedic ward after suffering a fall at home, resulting in an intracapsular fracture of the hip at the femoral neck. Mrs. Pink has a history of cancer and cardiac diseases and has severe rheumatoid arthritis. Due to ageing patients putting a great deal of strain on the health care system, the incidences of hip fractures in the elderly are a major concern and requires careful consideration regarding treatment. Known as a major cause of disability in the elderly, hip fractures and their subsequent need for surgery result in chronic pain and an altered quality of life (Strike, Sieber, Gottschalk & Mears, 2013). Although important to improve a patient’s quality of life and physical independence, pain related to a total hip replacement (THR), also known as hip arthroplasty (HA) can lead to delays in ambulation, longer hospital stays, poor functional outcomes and quality of life. The purpose of this essay is to identify the rationale behind nursing interventions provided to post-operative THR patients as well as the pathology of a femoral neck hip fracture and their procedure for assessment and diagnosis.

Good essay, all 12 sentences are numbered, the introduction is clear, and you let the reader know the topic of the essay right away. The three pronged thesis are mentioned in sentence # 2 along with an opinion. Also the three supporting paragraphs are coherent; however, in sentence # 3, you are not supporting the pronged thesis about attending college like you did in sentence # 6 and # 9. In regards the grammar, the word "chose" in sentence # 11 needs to be replaced by "choose". About punctuation, you missed a comma in sentence # 3. And finally, I would not use "in conclusion" as part of the closing sentence; maybe some other transition, a little more smoother. I hope this

America should eliminate the common core throughout the country because common core doesn’t give control to teachers and the parents, doesn’t guarantee improvement, and misses the point of education. The reasoning behind the common core is that “15-year-olds rank 31st in math literacy and 23rd in science literacy.” In 2009 the common core was adopted by most of the United States, but doesn’t mean it was the best idea. The person that came up with common core never even worked in an elementary school. The essay goes to talk about how the power is in the hands of the people that made up the common core. Not the teachers or the student's parents that know the kids best. Then talks about the people that made up common core get to pick and choose

The following research question was addressed: What is the effect of falls in the older adults while hospitalized? CINAHL Complete and Google scholar databases were used to search for relevant quantitative research articles. CINAHL Complete was searched using words like “falls in older adults while inpatient”, “impact of falls in older adults while hospitalized”, falls in older adults”, “and falls in the hospital amongst older adults“, ” fall impact in older adults while hospitalized”. Google scholar databases was searched using keywords such as “impact of falls in hospitalized older adults”, “Fall in the older adults during hospitalization”, “effects of fall on older adults while hospitalized”. Quantitative research article published in English, where any author is a nurse, and adult subjects were analyzed; dates of publications for all articles were limited to the years between 2011–2016. The University of Texas at Arlington’s library site titled finding quantitative and qualitative research was used to evaluate the qualities of the research article to ensure quantitative articles were utilized. Research articles that were utilized were those that involve interventions focused on effects of falls in the older adults population while hospitalized. Multifactorial fall prevention programs, environmental, educational

A total knee replacement (TKA) is the most common joint surgery performed in the United States (Turner, 2011, pp. 27-32). Each year, over 650,000 Americans undergo this surgery (Wittig-Wells, 2015, pp. 45-49). It is an invasive surgery that involves an incision on top of the knee and replacing damaged parts of the knee with artificial parts that are either metal, ceramic or plastic. Someone would get a total knee replacement for damage of the joint, osteoarthritic, posttraumatic, or inflammatory arthritis. The cartilage is damaged, wears away and then you develop bony deformity and contracture of ligaments but it starts out with specific defects or wear of cartilage. The top nursing priorities for a total knee arthroplasty is to “prevent complications, promote optimal mobility, alleviate pain, and provide information about diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment needs” (Doenges, 2014, pg. 627). A possible nursing diagnosis from the patient who is undergoing a TKA might be ‘impaired physical mobility related to pain and discomfort as evidenced by reluctance to attempt movement.’ Another one could be ‘acute pain related to chronic joint disease as evidenced by reports of pain’ (Vera, 2014).

Ideally, to better manage frailty either in communities or clinical settings is early detecting as screening frailty. Screening frailty has more advantage on discussing care options and planning the appreciate care. Many frailty measurement instruments have developed and translated for identifying frailty; unfortunately, there was a few instrument using in clinical settings (Buta et al., 2016). Due to lacking the gold standard of frailty instruments, choosing frailty measurement instruments may be a personal decision depending on frailty concept, feasibility, clinical circumstances, and instrument’s predictability (REF). In the orthopedic clinic, the preoperative frailty assessment is the best strategy in managing frailty. Based on our review,

Frailty assessment tools have been developed for the estimation of perioperative risks in this particular population. Whereas many tools have emerged both clinical and research settings, there is no consensus for which tool is a good measure. Musculoskeletal and Orthopedic surgical field has been facing frailty problems as other areas. Early detection of frailty is essential for managing and alleviating postoperative complications. Thus, the need of measuring frailty, as a tool for preoperative risk stratification and as a strategy to identify potential factors that can be adjusted to pave the way for better postoperative outcomes, is necessary. Therefore, this scoped review aims to identify frailty assessment tools and the extent of the research

Once a researcher has determined what exactly their study will consist of, they must now decide how the information will be analyzed. One of the most important factors to consider when deciding whether to utilize a longitudinal or cross-sectional method to retrieve data is how much time and how variables do you have to measure. The main difference between the two is that longitudinal studies are conducted over a period, and cross-sectional comparisons are made at a sole point in time. When initiating your study, it will be your research question that will dictate which method to use. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies can be looked at as observational studies, in which data is being recorded about participant without controlling the environment of the subjects.

Katz, J. N., Wright, E. A., Polaris, J. J., Harris, M. B., & Losina, E. (2014, May 22). Prevalence and risk factors for periprosthetic fracture in older recipients of total hip replacement: a cohort study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 15(1), 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-15-168Lewis, S. L., Dirksen, S. R., Heitkemper, M. M., Bucher, L., & Camera, I. M. (2011). Medical-surgical nursing: Assessment and management of clinical problems (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: else