Cryptosporidiosis In Cattle

The constellation I chose was Camelopardalis. This constellation represents my favorite animal, the Giraffe. Unsurprizingly, this constelation does resemble the Giraffe in appearance. The name this constellation bears comes from the Greek, and has three meanings: leopard, Giraffe, and camel. Camelopardalis can be seen best in the month of Febuary. However, it is not terriable visable. Overall, Camelopardalis is only a 4th magnatude consellation. There are eight other constellation in the vansinity of Camelopardalis.

Spread of rotavirus infection can be controlled on farms by isolating the affected foals, strict hygiene and disinfecting stalls and equipment.

Case Description- A 3 month-old Boer cross buck kid was confirmed to have died from an infection of Eastern Equine Encephalitis in a rural county of North Florida. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis and Rabies were included in the list of deferential diagnoses as possible causes of neurologic symptoms that could occur in adolescent caprine.1,5 PCR analysis of fresh brain tissue preformed at Department of Health in Tampa, Florida (via the Bronson Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory in Kissimmee, Florida) showed positive for Eastern Equine Encephalitis, then positive by virus isolation. The sample was negative for West Nile Virus, and the fluorescent antibody test for Rabies was negative.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has tested hundreds of thousands of cattle for BSE. Researchers believe that the infectious agent that causes mad cow disease is an abnormal version of a protein normally found on cell surfaces, called a prion. For reasons still unknown, this protein becomes altered and destroys nervous system tissue (brain and spinal cord). There exists strong epidemiologic and laboratory evidence for a causal association between a new human prion disease called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) that was first reported from the United Kingdom in 1996 and the BSE outbreak in cattle (http://www.cdc.gov). According to The National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Surveillance Unit, by June 2014 it had killed 177 people in the United Kingdom, and 52 elsewhere. This essay will focus on the possible causes, effects, and treatment for this

Some animals can be carriers of some pneumonia causing pathogens or microbes. This can happen on the farm and at campsites where a person is at a greater risk of being around animals carry an infection.

Mad cow disease, also known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), is a transmissible, slowly progressive, degenerative, and fatal disease which affects the central nervous system of adult cattle. Many researchers believe that an abnormal version of a protein normally found on cell surfaces, called a prion is the main reason to cause mad cow disease. For some still unknown reasons, this protein becomes modified and ruins the nervous system tissue, the brain and the spinal cord.

What is a vaccination? Vaccinations are a way of stimulating a horse’s immune system. It helps protect against harmful organisms, such as viruses and bacteria’s, without the horse being exposed to the risk of any serious illnesses or death. How do vaccines work you may ask? Vaccines work by stimulating active immunity. This causes the immune system to produce antibodies that specifically targets particular diseases. Most vaccines contain extremely tiny amounts of dead or damaged bacteria or viruses. Because if they are dead or damaged, they can’t cause a disease, but they are still capable of stimulating an immune response. So, in the future, if a horse encounters with the natural form of the bacteria or virus, the immune system automatically remembers the organism and it quickly produce antibodies that specifically targets the bacteria or virus. These antibodies repel or kill the organisms, to prevent infections. Veterinarian

Smallpox is transmitted via face-to-face contact and /or exchange of infected bodily fluids with the affected individual. The disease is transmitted to a lesser extent via infected clothing and bedding. Humans are the only natural host for the virus. Therefore, there is no reservoir and the virus is not transmittable through animals or insects. The incubation period of the virus is nearly 2 weeks (7 to 17 days) during which the person is asymptomatic and non-contagious (Fenner et al., 129).

First scientifically reported in 1977, equine metritis is a sexually-transmitted infection capable of rapid transmission throughout a herd of the horse species (Timoney, 1996). The underlying bacterial cause of this infection is Taylorella equigenitalis; this is a gram-negative, microaerophilic, coccobacillus bacterium with specific conditions for cultivation (Timoney, 1996; Powell, 1978). The bacterium is not a free-living organism; it must remain within or on the host animal to survive (Timoney, 1996). Therefore, the microbe must be transferred between hosts to subsist.

The world’s last naturally acquired case of smallpox occurred in Somalia, in 1977. In 1980 smallpox became the world’s first eradicated disease. The main component that led to smallpox’s eradication was the development of an effective vaccine; Edward Jenner developed the world’s first vaccine. Smallpox is no longer a threat due to three reasons: 1) there is an effective vaccine 2) its a lytic virus 3) there is no animal reservoir. This paper will discuss a variety of factors that played a role in eliminating smallpox: 1) is easier to contain as a zoonosis 2) is a crowd disease (spreads at a slower rate through human contact with larger populations) 3) as a lytic virus, it has an incubation period

In addition to performing duties as a veterinarian, I also reviewed biosecurity and cleaning procedures performed by the staff. It was in these activities I witnessed how calicivirus (non-zoonotic) and ringworm (zoonotic) were being spread among the animals due to staff’s lack of biosecurity measures.

Surgery is required to remove damaged lobes in the lungs when the disease progresses. In elderly animals and those with suppressed immune systems, the prognoses is not good. There is no vaccination for blastomycosis. Prevention is to limit exposure or avoid any wet, decaying wooded areas near a water source. Client education would be to discuss the animal’s living environment, and if the designated soil conditions are on the property and to limit exposure to this fungus. Humans must take physical caution when taking care of an animal’s open wound. Transmission of fluid from the open wound to a human’s eye can transfer the disease, making it

The objective of this study is to examine the role of the pathogen, Cryptosporidium parvum in human health and disease and public health. Included will be the appropriate microscopic, cultivation and non-cultivation methods for the chosen pathogen and the application to clinical microbiology processing for that bacterium. Also examined will be human and microbe relationships and an analysis of the virulence factors of microorganism and host factors to types and outcomes with public health emphasized. Crytosporidium parvum in as infectious agent reported to have the following characteristics: (1) Coccidian protozoa; sporozoa; (3) sexual and asexual cycles in a single host; (4) sporotoites, tophozoites and merozoites all attach to epithelial cells (typically intestinal cells); and (5) mature oocyst contains four thin, flat motile sporozoites (204 by 6-8µm). (Public Health agency of Canada, 2013, p.1)

In 2006, there were 58,372,106 horses in the world, and that number continues to grow to this day. People can help keep these horses’ feet healthy by buying a hoof pick. Horse owners should purchase a hoof pick because picking out horses feet can prevent thrush, show problems early on, and if their hooves aren't picked, gravel and dirt can easily be picked up.

There is an almost endless selection of vaccines available for livestock. Vaccines serve to protect your livestock from various infections and diseases. Today, I will be going over four separate vaccines that are commonly used in the livestock industry and how they work to protect your livestock from diseases.