Cultural And Gender Differences Of Emotion

Have you ever thought about the way you express your emotions? Emotions are a significant part of our lives. They enable us to express our feelings to those around us. How we express our emotion is determined by a mixture of culture and family influences that directs our gender to express emotions differently. People are more likely to experience emotions versus being able to express them. They way we express our emotions changes over time. As we get older, we learn about how we should and shouldn’t express our emotions based upon the expectations of our gender in the culture in which we were raised.

Culture is one of the most relevant elements that can define not only a society but also a country’s cumulative beliefs and system. Often noted as the origins of a country, culture is definitive in the sense that it harbors all the elements that can provide justification on the traditions and norms set by the society for its members. More often than not, the society members follow norms in order to create a harmonious community, and the beliefs and the traditions serve as the poles or grounding rules for each member to follow. Culture is very dynamic in the way that it can change over a variety of foreign influences but what is permanent about it is that original elements about it often lingers with the influences, therefore making it multi-faceted and broad. More importantly, culture serves as an individual and unique trait each society has, and therefore sets it apart from other countries and other societies.

A culture can be defined as a way of life of a group of people- their behaviors, beliefs, values that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next. It also includes the customs, arts, literature, morals/values and traditions of a particular society or group (Virginia Encyclopedia). Culture can also be considered as a way of thinking, behaving, or working that exists in places or organizations. This topic is of huge importance to our society mainly in the state of

Attempts to define “emotion” have proved to be rather difficult. Instead of searching for a comprehensive definition, Gross (2011) describes the three core features of emotions. First, emotions occur when an individual decides that a situation is relevant to his or her goals. Second, emotions are multi-faceted, and involve both subjective and physiological experiences, as well as behaviors. The third feature involves the authoritative nature of emotions. They have the powerful ability to interrupt ongoing processes, assert their priority over other activities, and force their way into awareness. For example, some traditions describe emotions as “disorganized interruptions of mental activity” (Salovey & Mayer, 1989). Emotions are such an

Good morning class, the purpose of this mornings lecture is to decipher how authors Julie Kagawa and John Green position their readers in order to have the ability to manipulate and control the emotions felt by the readers.

According to the functionalist perspective on emotions, emotions are defined as an attempt by the individual to establish, maintain, change, or terminate the relation between the environment and the individual (Frijda, 1986). This approach is intrinsically relational and suggests that one cannot understand emotion without considering the individual within any given context. Thus, emotions are conceptualized as being flexible, contextually bound, and goal directed, and are critical for guiding interpersonal relations (Butler, Lee, & Gross, 2007; Campos, Mumme, Kermoian, & Campos, 1994). In order to understand how emotions influence interpersonal relations one must consider the role of cultural context. Culture influences the way in which

Haidt, J. (2003). The moral emotions. Handbook of affective sciences, 11, 852-870. Retrieved March 18, 2017 from http://faculty.virginia.edu/haidtlab/articles/alternate_versions/haidt.2003.the-moral-emotions.pub025-as-html.html

This study was about all of our emotions and how they compare to different cultures. Paul Ekman and Friesen did this study to prove that emotions are the same across many cultures. They looked closely at the cultures that have been isolated from the Western and Eastern cultures. They chose the tribe South Fore, they are a group in New Guinea who have existed as a Stone Age Society. This tribe has had very minimal communication with the Western Culture and only see emotions from their own tribe people. Ekman and Friesen chose people from the Fore group that did not speak English or Pidgin, never worked as a Westerner, and never lived in the Western communities. They chose 189 adults and 130 children while also choosing 23 adults who had experienced what the Western society was all about. They presented these individuals with brief stories and three facial expressions to match with the stories. The participants had to choose the facial expression that fits best according to the story they just read. Ekman and Friesen discovered that there were no significant differences between the Fore group and the Westernized group. They both mainly chose the same emotions for each story. The children

Because of this novel, it became clearer to me that our emotions affect our decisions and the way we treat people around us. We should not let our

Culture is defined as “The ideas, attitudes, customs, beliefs, values and social behaviour of a particular group of people or society that are passed on from generation to generation” (Brentnall, A., n.d.).

Culture is described as the symbols that individuals, groups and societies use to make decision of daily life and to assure their values. Culture is a model of basic assumptions invented, discovered or developed by a given organization as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaption and internal combination, which has worked well enough to think correctly and, so to instruct to new comers as the valid way to observe, consider and feel in relation to these problems. Culture consists of manner, mind-set, values, rituals, religious belief, law (written and unwritten), arts, ideas, custom, belief, ceremonies, social institutions, myths and legends, individual identity and behavior. Cultural pattern classifies are used to describe the dominant beliefs and values. Culture has been called the way of life for an entire society. It is a group or community living together and sharing a set of norms. Culture and society are coexistent. One does not or cannot exist without the other. Culture and society may have some common elements but the two are not the same; they are not identical.

Chapter 3 explores the concept of universally shared basic emotions, an idea that was first advanced as a theory by Charles Darwin. Paul Ekman and Jakk Panksepp studied the concept of

The goal for this experiment was to research if and when people use other’s emotions when forming their own attitude. Mainly focusing on the effects of sadness, anger, and happiness in interpersonal relationships. For this experiment, the researchers hypothesized for hypothesis 1 that subjects observing a source’s emotions will form attitudes that are identical with that of the source’s emotional expression. For hypothesis 2, researchers stated that a source’s emotional expressions play a big role in the way an observer engages in more information processing.

Many emotions are associated with beliefs or judgements. Empirical thinking is primarily linked to experience in the sense that perceptual experiences can provide reasons for empirical belief and judgement (Goldie 2004).

As with many terms in the field of psychology, the operational definition for emotionality is unclear, yet there are many themes that have expressed a general consensus for the trait. Some definitions propose a connection of emotionality with arousal. Others have determined that it is the