Cultural Awareness : A Heart And Mind `` Phrase Was Used By British General Gerald Templer

The Islamic religion is currently world's second largest and fastest growing worldwide and there are approximately about 1.6 billion population in the world believe in Islam which is nearly one-fourth. “Over fifty countries have Muslim-majority populations, while other groups of believers are clustered in

Modern day Pakistan’s land has traditionally been Muslim for many years. In the early nineteenth century it was ruled by Britain and considered part of the British Indian Empire. In 1947, a partition was granted from the British, and Pakistan and India were created as their own countries. As the previous British Empire divided,

The culture shapes the institutional mission, goals and values, and determines the parameters of operation of the Army. The first element of the American Army culture is ethic. This is influenced by the artifacts and hierarchical manner in which the Army is structured. Soldiers are required to bring dignity and honor to themselves and to the nation. The actions of the Army’s strategic leaders are determined by the established laws of the United States. The second element of culture is respect for the right and dignity of other people. The different operations conducted by the Army should consider the rights and dignity of others and the Army should not be seen to be infringing on these rights. Even in enemy territory, the target is always the adversary and the Army always tries as much as possible not to expose innocent civilians of the enemy territory to danger. The Soldiers are always trained to protect the political independence of the collective American society. This is to mean that the nation has a right of holding political opinions within the geopolitical world and no citizen of the nation should be exposed to threats due to the political stands of the nation. The other element of Army culture is that evaluations are always performed before the Soldiers are released to engage in war. All these values help in collective and individual development of Soldiers (U.S. Army,

Operations require leaders who understand the cultures in which they will operate. The cultures are not just foreign cultures; they include such non-Army cultures as those in other Services and government agencies. Individuals, units, and their leaders develop cultural understanding through education and frequent training with military and nonmilitary partners to avoid actions and perceptions that can undermine relationships and mission.

Per Joint Publication 3-24, the operational environment is the composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect how the joint force commander uses available capabilities and makes decisions. It requires a holistic view of insurgent, neutral, and friendly political, military, economic, social, information, and infrastructure systems. Culture can be defined as a collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another. This essay will focus on the rich culture of Somalia and how the country has evolved from its humble beginnings. Moreover, the culture and history presented in Somalia, as well as the geography and military history, and understanding how the people of Somalia operate.

The definition of culture is the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively. For centuries, Afghanistan has been a design of people with various cultures, religions and languages. Afghanistan’s ethnically and linguistically rich and mixed population reflects its location at the crossroads of Central, South and Southwest Asia. Communities with different religions, languages, and ethnic backgrounds have lived side by side for generations. Afghanistan still remains a country of dynamic diversity,

America and Pakistan have different goals in Afghanistan. While Washington wants to defeat the Taliban and Al-Qaeda, Pakistan wants them to stop violence in its territories and to capture power in Kabul. Islamabad sees the Afghan war as an opportunity to strengthen its military, with Western support, to fend off India and lean on New Delhi to resolve the Kashmir dispute. From Pakistan’s perspective, the Taliban jihadists -- trained in Pakistani madarsas and supported by the Inter-Service Intelligence, the military spy agency – will make the best allies in Kabul and help augment the anti-Indian jihad in Kashmir.

Individuals from varying cultures can easily distinguish differences in traits by making comparisons to their own. These differences make up the fundamentals for a population’s way of life. The rules that most individuals abide by comprises the framework of a culture. Culture is the shared beliefs and social norms of a country or area that are different from other places. In the country of Iran, an abundance of diversity defines their culture. This paper will define the culture of Iran by analyzing the environmental, political, religious, and military operational variables, as well as their military conflicts with the United States.

The increasing sectarian violence and militancy in Pakistan has converted a tolerant society into an increasingly intolerant society. The need for embracing diversity and pluralism has been felt to avoid straining the social fabric irreparably. Sectarian militancy and extremism has not only created disharmony in the society and is acting as repellent from Islam for followers as well as disbelievers but is also a threat to internal security.

Arguably one of the most important assets to a Military is Cultural awareness, this paper will

In order to understand how cultural imperialism works, the consideration of one’s own culture is required to understand, accept and learn from the culture of others. The world shares one thing in common, that being humanity, it is the cultural differences that pose crucial boundaries on how humans understand each other’s culture. Given that, culture is then a combination of components that shape a nations or region’s identity, that includes knowledge, languages, values, customs, and material objects. Notably, these components of cultural are passed down from person to person, generation to generation. Surely, humans are nurtured to understand socially accepted norms, values, beliefs and behaviors to help guide them in a society. Since culture encompasses all aspects of human life, for fear of losing their ‘humanity’ arises the concept of cultural imperialism. Understandably, this term can be rationalized as a culture refusing to accept their way of way life as inferior to others. So, emerges this concept of imposing one’s cultural superiority on another inferior group of people. To emphasize, culture is described as “a toolkit for survival ... of symbol, stories, rituals, and worldviews, which people may use in varying configurations to solve different kinds of problems” (Caron, 2014). In effect, culture is a stabilizing force in society, yet, it may also generate conflict and violence.

Pakistan matters because this country is the corridor between the Eastern Asia and the Middle East. It is one of the six declared nuclear weapon state with one of the largest armies in the world. Pakistan is important because it has been part of five declared wars in the past sixty years with it’s neighbouring country, India. The country is also at war with few of the most dangerous terrorist groups of the world like Al-Qaeda, Talibans, etc. It is one of the main allies of United States and United Kingdom of Asia. Pakistan is one of the most complex democracy of the world. It’s different ethnicities, languages and regions makes it one of the most diverse nations in the world. The country was founded on the Westminster model, but the government has been overthrown by military leaders three times since Pakistan’s creation. That makes it function differently from Britain. Many dismissed the Pakistani economy for years because of it’s poor frugality and government functionality. It has constantly faced a rapid economic fall in the past few years, forcing the world to pay attention.

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan has 4 provinces, Punjab, Sindh, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan besides the federally administered territories and the capital Islamabad. The population of Pakistan is estimated at 182 million in 2013 with an annual population growth rate of 2%. Pakistan is having a birth cohort of 6.2 million infants, with 5.82 million surviving infants [1].

The physical diversity of Pakistan's provinces is more than matched by the complex ethnic and cultural composition of the general population. The chief ethno linguistic groups are Punjabis, Sindhis, Pathans, Baluchis, and a significant population of Muhajirs - Urdu-speaking refugees and their descendants who migrated to the country en masse following the partition of the subcontinent and the country's independence in August 1947. The dominant language is Punjabi (the first language of 65 percent of the population), followed by Sindhi (11 percent), Pushto (8 percent), and Urdu (9 percent). Gujarati, Sahraike, and Baluchi are among the languages of other ethnic minorities. English is generally spoken in business circles and in government. Islam, the state religion, is practiced by the vast majority of the populace. Muslims make up 97 percent of the population (77 percent Sunni and 20 percent Shia), while Hindus, Buddhists, and Christians constitute the remaining 3 percent.

Pakistan is a very old collection of cultures but it is a newborn nation. Throughout the history, most of the time it was not one country. It has been part of many empires and civilization. As of Egypt and Mesopotamia, the earliest known civilization in Pakistan also began along the river. From 2500 to 1600 BC, the Harappan culture thrived in the southern part of