Cultural Consideration

With the increase of diversity in the country, comes a wide variety of issues facing all sectors. In the criminal justice sector we see issues such as racial profiling, discrimination amongst others.

For over a century police departments in the United States and across the world have been following Sir Robert Peel's twelve principals of policing. Almost nothing or very little has changed since these principals were first implemented in England's "Scotland Yard". Many of these principals are behind today's investigating and policing practices.

The community problem solving Era in America is the how we currently run our police systems today. During this era they started to give officers more of a decision of their own and they stopped with strict about of tickets. Sir Robert Peel the founder of the Metropolitan Police of England founded the “Nine Principles of Policing” Sir Robert Peel’s Nine Principles:

By this, he employed his first principle that the “basic mission for which the police exist is to prevent crime and disorder.” In this, Sir Robert Peel instituted a force that served as uniformed police called “Bobbies” or “Beats.” This form of policing is well-known today and has had a significant impact on American policing. Law enforcement agencies still practice the use of “Bobbies” and “Beats” but now refer to this method as police patrolling with the goal of preventing crime, getting to know the community, and establishing the trust and safety of the public (Siegel, 4th Ed). This brought about the next two principles, established by Peel, which stated (2) “the ability of the police to perform their duties was dependent upon the public approval of police actions. (3) Police must secure the willing co-operation of the public in voluntary observation of the law to be able to secure and maintain the respect of the public.” This laid a serious impact on American policing and its history; society today, as in the past, dealt with the importance of diversity and the need for police to comprehend the different cultures, races, and religions that scattered the communities in which they patrolled. Police were expected to participate a multicultural training and education that prepared them for these situations. Peel believed that if the police could understand

Peel stressed the importance of gaining public approval and assistance against fighting crime as the most important aspect to an effective and successful department. He would do this through his idea of community oriented policing, which involved officers getting in touch with the community in hopes of forming good relations. If these relations are formed, the public is more trusting of law enforcement, and much more willing to provide information and report incidents to them. These ideas were revolutionary for the time period, being that these were very different from what was established as policing during earlier time periods (watch systems, unprofessional attitudes, etc).

In this paper, I propose to talk about how all the three parts of the criminal justice system works and also delve a little bit on the issue of racism in context of the criminal justice system as a lot of

According to one of Peel’s principals, the real key for policing is "The police are the people and the people are the police". Peel believed that prevention of crime could be accomplished without intruding into the lives of citizens. Sir Robert Peel's first principle was that, “The basic

nation, the criminal justice system has detrimentally affected the lives of those it was created to

This paper is going to discuss different culture concerns, and what the influences are in today’s society within the criminal justice system. Also, this paper will talk about how to attend to different culture concerns, security administration, and how influences affect the criminal justice system. Some of the other points that are going to be touched up on are contemporary methods that are used in societies of assorted cultures, how these different influences and considerations related to and affect nondiscrimination practices within the criminal justice system. Last but not least, this paper is going to go over Sir Roberts Peel’s nine

Sir Robert Peel, known as the ‘father’ of modern policing, set the foundation for organization and structure in modern day policing in London. The United States followed behind shortly thereafter to enlist a police force for order, organization, and service. Peel set up “Peel’s Nine Principals” which the United States still abides by to this day. The ‘father’ of policing has helped our government to overcome harsh judgment, corruption, and harsh actions, and has made it possible for citizens of this society to bond with local law enforcement. This has allowed our law enforcement to handle situations appropriately and incorporate bigger agencies to handle more diverse problems throughout the

During this era, several police departments began to delve into more community involvement on the war on crime. There are three necessary principles in community policing, partnership, problem solving, and organizational change. Miller, Hess, and Orthmann (2014) stated that partnership describe the indispensable relationship between the community and law enforcement. Partnership are central to modern-day policing because they recognize a basic truth- law enforcement cannot do it alone. Each element plays an important role in community policing.

For over a century police departments in the United States and across the world have been following Sir Robert Peel's twelve principals of policing. Almost nothing or very little has changed since these principals were first implemented in England's "Scotland Yard". Many of these principals are behind today's investigating and policing practices.

By mid-1800 American police copied Peel’s principles and update them to social conditions in American communities.Community policing was officially started in the USA starting in the 1970s to 1980s, Peel’s principles were still present. Community policing is an organizational strategy that attempts to reduce crime by improving quality of life.This strategy creates new policies, recruits different type of officers, change in primary objectives, type of services delivered, updated training as well as a change in supervision of street officers. This included bringing

In today’s society there are three types of policing styles and it tends to vary based on the community. According to Kuykendall (1974), states that the style used in a community by law enforcement is based on different expectations regarding role performance (Kuykendall, 1974). Each style is used to maintain and enforce law and order in the community. The three policing styles that are used in the community are legalistic, watchman, and service style. The legalistic style of policing is focused on enforcing the law and resolving disputes by the book. It is also considered a reactive form of policing. The watchman style policing focuses on maintaining order and preventing crime (Kuykendall, 1974). The service style policing is focused on helping those in the community, instead of enforcing the laws. The policing style that I believe is used in my community is the watchman and legalistic style. Both policing style is used to enforce the law and maintain order in a culturally and ethnically diverse community, by making arrest, keeping the peace and issuing citations.

Over the decades, the role of police has been drastically changed from the more traditional philosophy of policing towards agencies adopting the community based policing model. Traditional policing was established to introduced reactive patrols to which they would respond to criminal activity after it occurred rather than trying to prevent the crime before it happened (cite book pg. 181). Furthermore, the introduction of reactive policing establishes a rapid response model to criminal incidents became the basis for evaluating the successfulness of police in regulating crime (cite book pg 181). Traditional policing supports the crime fighting role rather than engaging and getting involved with the community they are policing, this is where the basis of community based policing is established. Community based policing attempts to build trust between the police and the communities to benefits the citizens by gathering information that will in time prevent crime before it occurs. Moreover, building trust and becoming integrated with the communities reducing fears of the police and overall diminishes cynicism towards officers (cite book pg 181). Community based policing better satisfies the needs of citizens within all communities, rather than the traditional approach of the past.