Cultural Responses To North America Essay

The Indians killed 7 English settlers during the years of 1607 and 1608. The Indians were not great friends with the English settlers so some of the English settlers and the Indians got killed. (Document E). The Patawomeck Indians had corn that the English wanted but the English did not have anything to trade for the corn. The Indians did not want to trade corn for nothing because the English had nothing to trade for the corn.

In exchange, the encomendero could force the Native Americans to pay tribute in forms of bullion and labor. Eventually, the native people began to die off from the harsh labor and foreign diseases that the Spanish brought from Spain. The Native Americans rejected Spanish control and returned to their customs. Angered by this, the Spanish captured 46 Pueblo leaders, which started the Pueblo Revolt. After years of fighting, the Spanish regained control. In New England, relationships with local Native Americans started out peaceful. The Native Americans and settlers of New England began to trade with each other. Native Americans, who were used to their elementary weapons, acquired better weapons from the Europeans. This once beneficiary exchange between the two cultures eventually grew tense. As years went on and more settlers came to America, conflicts arose. An agreement formed between Dutch settlers of New York and the English settlers of New England about the division of the Pequot lands. When no immediate decisions were reached of who would gain the land, New Englanders started to settle in the area without notice. The Pequot took this unplanned invasion as a form of attack, and fought back. After a series of attacks, New England called for reinforcements from allies. By joining forces with Plymouth and the Narragansett people, the English gained control

In June of 1675, King Philip, called Metacom by the Indians, led the Wampanoag, Algonquin, Nipmunk, and Narragansett Indians in massive attacks against the English in Plymouth, Massachusetts. The English colonists allied with the Mohegan, Pequot, Mohawk, and Christian Indians and fought back. There were organized raids back and forth which resulted in thousands of murders. On both sides, women and children were killed, tortured, and the survivors sold to slavery.          

As time went on war broke loose the first war was the King Philips War from 1675-76. In 1830 Andrew Jackson signed the Indian removal act. This act called Indians “destined to extinction” and “not worth preserving”. Accordingly the act forcibly removed 17,000 Cherokee from the east to Oklahoma.

The Cherokee removal process dates back as early as the times of the first European encounters. When the explorers arrived in the New World, lack of immunity from disease played a role in decimating the native population. Smallpox, measles, and typhus spread everywhere and eventually, only around sixteen thousand natives remained by the 1700's. Even with the overwhelming victory of the British during the French and Indian war, the Cherokee were able to preserve many aspects of their society such as their own local governments and maintaining their crops. Nevertheless, the monarchy still ruled the region and even by the end of the Revolutionary War when the Americans had won, Constitutional policies were implemented to contain and control the native peoples. Peaceful relations existed in the beginning, but it was not until powerful resistance from the Cherokee that forced change among the settlers who kept pushing for westward expansion.

Opechancanough’s tribe had planned a very well-coordinated attack on the English settlements. The chief grew frustrated with the English intrusion on the Powhatan lands. With warning from the Powhatan boy living with the English, Jamestown escaped an attack from the Opechancanough’s tribe. Although, about 400 out of the 1,200 settlers were killed . The Powhatan Indians withdrew from the English settlers shortly after the attack so the English could learn their lesson or just leave the colony. The next decade was nothing but fighting between the two people. They finally came to peace in 1632.

As John Smith and the settlers had begun to create their colony, the Indians had other ideas, as they were hiding amongst the bushes and trees. They found their chance of ambush, set fire to their tents, and killed two of the English men. However, they didn’t stop from there. During mid June, at least three more had died in the ambushes (Document E). This contributed to deaths in Jamestown because, the Indians could not find it easy to live alongside with strangers on the Island, thus, lead to misunderstandings and blood. In 1609, a man named Francis West and several men sailed up the Chesapeake Bay to trad corn with the Indians. However, their trades became harsh if the Indians had not agreed to give anything. For example, Francis had two Indian heads cut off, because they wouldn’t take the grain he was trading with them (Document D). What’s important to realize about this was the fact that the english men had killed two Natives, and this alone could trigger any kind of mistrust and suspense. This was most likely one of the reasons why many colonist had died, because they depended on the Indians for food and trade. So when the Indians had stopped trading with them, it left the colonist to starve for the winter. Also known as the starving time, when man decided to eat each other for food. On November 1610, Powhatan, the leader of the nearby Indian tribe seized Jamestown and killed a

after the war indians feared attacks from the british so they attacked killing people to prevent these attacks britain signed a peace treaty

Hundreds of people were slaughtered because of the war. Just think it was just over controlling trade, and hundreds of people died. After the war, we went back to our daily lives of farming and building up our colony. Tilley and I had our first kid, Desire. Later that fall, we had a feast with the Pokanoket Indians to give thanks to them and their leader Squanto.

Initially the English lacked power to wage war on the Indians and instead would raid and steal supplies as a means of sustenance. Through warfare many lives were lost on both sides, although the Indians suffered in the long run because interaction with the settlers gave them Old World diseases, which decimated entire populations and culture.

According to the Census Bureau in 1894 there were over 40 declared Indian Wars, which killed approximately 20,000 whites and about 36,000 Indians however it did note that the number of Indians killed was likely higher than the count. The first Indian War documented began on March 22, 1622 and was known as the “Jamestown Massacre” in which the Powhatan Indians kill 347 Colonists throughout the Virginia colony during the first Powhatan War. It was the first war between Europeans and Native Americans in the American West. With over a 268 year span of time, the end of the Indian Wars was on December 29, 1890 and known as the “Wounded Knee Massacre”. Sitting Bull's half-brother, Big Foot, and over 200 Sioux were killed by the U.S. 7th Cavalry.

Even though the Indians had more resources than the whites, “the number of whites who ran off to live with the Indians was a problem often remarked upon” (Stannard 103). Back in E Pluribus Unum, Steinbeck says “ even settlers from the same nation should have divided up according to language and custom” (Steinbeck 5). That is what the whites decided to do during the American Holocaust as “ thousands of Europeans are Indians” (Stannard 104). However, the colonial leaders were timid at this notion. These leaders did not agree with the Indian’s cultural differences as they hunted down the people who ran away with the Indians and killed them. For the whites, they believed that the Indians did not belong there because they were of a different culture. The whites burned their entire community and their corn fields. “From this point on there would be no peace in Virginia”(Stannard 106). The British also began to capture the Indians and kill them. This was all because they were of a different

The european conquest was a serious problem for the native peoples of mexico. The aztecs were tricked into believing that Cortés was a god, and in the end, they paid the price and lost their land and their riches. When Pizarro invaded, it was quite a similar fate. The incas were already in dispute over power, but when Pizarro invaded, the incas had to join together and fight against Pizarro and his men but in the end, they lost. The native americans became subject to the king of spain after they had been

Although Canada and the United States share the same continent, they are divided by their unique ideas and views. After WWI ,Canada broke its ties with Britain and new independent nation was born with a unique culture. This new culture developed through the Canadian citizens. As a Canadian citizen, Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie helped achieve autonomy from Britain and solidify national unity at home. Canadian inventor ,Fredrick Banting ,maintained his culture as Canadian and contributed to the world through his invention of insulin. Many artists, authors, actors , actresses and athletes have played their part in Canadian culture. During the 1920s and 1930s, Canada asserted independence from Britain and the United States to develop

There were always conflicts between the Native Americans and the colonist when the colonist settled in North America. For example, the Pequot War, which lasted from 1636-1637 and was among the colonist of Connecticut, Massachusetts Bay, and Saybrook versus the Pequot Indians. The Yamasee War was another conflict that killed over 400 colonist in South Carolina. The colonist vigorously stole, lied, and forced the Yamasee into slavery. To not be seen as weak the Yamasee raided the colonist homes and plantations to kill and destroy them and their property. This led to small militia's of the colonist fighting back and after two long years of fighting, the Yamasee lost the war. To end the war, many tribes signed a peace accord. This pushed the Yamasee along with more tribes down to Florida, where they formed the Seminole tribe.