Current Diagnostic Criteria For Angela's Manic Episode

These mood episodes include the manic episodes and the depressive episodes. The mood changes of mania include a long period of an overly happy mood and irritability; the behavioral changes are talking quickly, having racing thoughts, being distracted, increasing of activities, being restless, getting little or no sleep, being impulsive, and engaging in high-risk, pleasurable activities or behaviors (NIMH, 2015). The mood changes of the depressive episodes are loss of interest in activities that were once enjoyed and a long period of sadness; the behavioral changes are feeling very tired, having trouble with decision making and problem solving, being irritable, changing normal habits, and negative thinking (NIMH, 2015). Sometimes symptoms from both episodes can be present in a person’s current mood episode. This is called a mixed state. In the mixed state, a person can feel agitated, have a change in eating habits, and have suicidal thoughts; they also feel very hopeless and very energized at the same time (NIMH, 2015). About ten percent of people have at least four mood episodes every year which is called rapid cycling bipolar disorder (Schacter el at.,

Helen is a non drug user that repetitively goes through several week periods of racing thoughts, abnormal energetic disposition, lack of normal eating or sleeping, talking quickly, and putting herself in potential dangerous situations. This period can be described as a Manic or Hypomanic episode. Later, she enters to what qualifies as a Major Depressive Episode. She describes it as a period that may last

82)This emphasizes the book’s point of saying that some criteria are “abnormally increased activity or energy,” and “flight of ideas or subjective impression that thoughts are racing,” (Kring et al. 2016, p. 140). She mentions that during these episodes that her friends would tell her to slow down (Jamison 1995, p. 37). This can also be considered as the symptom characterized by unusual talkativeness and rapid speech (Kring et al. 2016, p. 140). According to the textbook, a decreased need for sleep also characterizes mania, which Jamison often refers to, saying that “Decreased sleep is both a symptom of mania and a cause,” (Jamison 1995, p. 69). During her manic episodes, Jamison also had a tendency to dress provocatively and overspend money, which the DSM-5 characterizes as “excessive involvement in activities that are likely to have painful consequences, such as reckless spending, sexual indiscretions, or unwise business investments,” (Kring et al. 2016, p. 140). She also mentions that during one of her manias, she bought snakebite kits because “God had chose me, and apparently only me, to alert the world to the wild proliferation of killer snakes in the Promised Land,” (Jamison 1995, p. 76), which can be classified as the DSM-5 criteria “increased self-esteem; belief that one has special talents, powers, or abilities,” (Kring et al. 2016, p. 140). As for her depressive

Some signs and symptoms of a manic episode are: increased energy, activity, and restlessness; excessively high, overly good, euphoric mood; racing thoughts and talking fast, jumping from one idea to another; distractibility or lack of concentration; spending sprees; poor judgment; increased sex drive; and denial that anything is wrong (Nevid, Rathus, & Greene, 2006). A manic episode is diagnosed if elevated mood occurs with three or more of the other symptoms most of the day, nearly every day, for one week or longer (Psychology Today, 2011). If the mood is irritable, four additional symptoms must be present.

Bipolar Disorder is a brain disorder that is characterized by abnormal changes in mood, energy and activity levels (“National Institute of Mental Health”). Manic-depressive illness is also another name that bipolar disorder is commonly referred to as (“National Institute of Mental Health”). This disorder has four basic types including, bipolar I, bipolar II, cyclothymic, and any other which do not perfectly fit the first three. All four of the types have episodes of extreme highs, manic periods, and extreme lows, depressive periods. Symptoms can range greatly and depend on what type of episode the affected is having. Manic episodes can include, but are not limited to: having extraordinarily high amounts of energy, activity,

By definition, manic depression is otherwise known as bipolar disorder in modern times. It is “a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, behavior, thinking and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks.”(Introduction: Bipolar Disorder) This overall definition clearly supports the argument that Rose Mary carries bipolar disorder. Often times in the memoir, Rose Mary changes her mind and mood about doing something very quickly without any foreshadow. This brief explanation of bipolar disorder shows that Rose Mary possesses most of the traits of having bipolar disorder. From a greater perspective, bipolar disorder has two very distinctive phases ---- the manic phase and depressive phase. During a manic phase, patients are often “jumping quickly from one idea to the next” (Melinda and Jeanne), feeling energetic and having “unrealistic beliefs about one’s abilities or powers” (Melinda and Jeanne); during a depressive phase, patients are often “feeling hopeless, sad, empty”(Melinda and Jeanne) or irritable and unable to

Several of the mania symptoms include increased energy, restlessness, euphoric mood, extreme irritability, poor concentration, sleeplessness, abuse of drugs, and heightened sense of self-importance. Depressive symptoms include sad mood, hopelessness and pessimism, feeling of helplessness, loss of interest in activities, fatigue, sleeplessness or sleeping too much, change in appetite, thoughts of death or suicide. These two episodes go back and forth between normal moods. Mood episodes with symptoms of both manic and depressive symptoms are called episodes with mixed features. While experiencing a mixed episode, a person’s state of mind contradicts itself while he may feel sad and hopeless but extremely energized at the same time

During this period there must also be three or more of the following symptoms present: (1) inflated self-esteem or grandiosity; (2) decreased need for sleep; (3) more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking; (4) flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing; (5) distractibility; (6) increase in goal-directed activity; (7) excessive involvement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences. In addition to the presence of at least three of these seven symptoms, the criteria for bipolar 1 disorder require that the mood disturbance is severe enough to cause marked social or occupational dysfunction or to necessitate hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others, or there are psychotic features. Lastly, the manic episode cannot be attributable to the effects of a substance of abuse, medication, or another medical condition (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. 124).

During a manic episode a person can experience psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, confusion and paranoia which will require immediate medical attention and treatment.

For an episode to be categorized as manic, the patients’ mood has been irritable or abnormally elevated for at least 1 week. A person must also exhibit at least 3 of the following symptoms (4 if the mood is only irritable): extreme feelings of personal greatness; a decreased need for sleep, marked talkativeness; distractibility; extreme focus on a goal-directed activity; reports of ‘racing’ thoughts or a flight of ideas; or excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (i.e. sexual indiscretions or unintelligent business investments). As in the criteria for a depressed episode, the DSM-IV specifies that these symptoms should not be better explained as being a side effect of a drug or illness to qualify as a manic episode. These symptoms must interfere with the person’s normal functioning and must not meet the criteria for a mixed episode. As with adults, childhood-onset bipolar disorder has many faces. Children with Bipolar I Disorder have episodes of mania and episodes of depression, sometimes there are long periods of normal moods between episodes. Adults usually tend to have more depressed episodes than manic episodes. However, some children will have chronic mania (symptoms of mania lasting for long periods of time or marked by frequent recurrence) and seldom experience a depressed episode.

When a patient is in a manic episode they are very excited, energetic, and hyper. A manic episode can cause a patient to make impulsive, irrational decisions such as, partaking in high risk behaviors, spending large amounts of money they cannot afford, having sexual indiscretions even when they’re in a committed relationship or driving at dangerous speeds. There is a lesser state of mania called hypomania, it is in very close relation to a manic episode, the patient is not as hyper but it is still considered a abnormal state of high emotion. When a patient is in a depression episode it consists of sadness and hopelessness. The patient can become more tired, irritable, or have a change in their eating habits. In this episode thoughts of suicide can occur, losing interest in things they have previously enjoyed. These are just a few examples of the actions a patient makes when in a manic or depressed episode. There are multiple bipolar disorders, bipolar I and bipolar II are better known. The reader has been diagnosed with bipolar two at the age of twenty two. This disorder has been a problem since the age of ten, after learning more about the disorder over the years it’s been a process learning how to cope and continue everyday life. The lives of patients who have been diagnosed with this disorder are affected

Code based on predominant symptom: - With Delusions: if delusions are the predominant symptom - With Hallucinations: if hallucinations are the predominant symptom Diagnostic criteria for Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder: A. Prominent hallucinations or delusions. Note: Do not include hallucinations if the person has insight that they are substance induced. B. There is evidence from the history, physical examination, or laboratory findings of either (1) or (2): (1) the symptoms in Criterion A developed during, or within a month of, Substance Intoxication or Withdrawal (2) medication use is etiologically related to the disturbance C. The disturbance is not better accounted for by a Psychotic Disorder that is not substance induced. Evidence that the symptoms are better accounted for by a Psychotic Disorder that is not substance induced might include the following: the symptoms precede the onset of the substance use (or medication use); the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time (e.g., about a month) after the cessation of acute withdrawal or severe intoxication, or are substantially in excess of what would be expected given the type or amount of the substance used or the duration of use; or there is other evidence that suggests the existence of an independent non-substance-induced Psychotic Disorder (e.g., a history of recurrent non-substance-related episodes). D.

A manic episode is characterized by an abnormality of mood that is euphoric, expansive, and elevated or irritable with increased energy, along with signs and symptoms such as inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep. Pressure of speech or being extremely talkative, racing thoughts or flight of ideas, distractibility, an increase in goal-directed behavior, agitation, poor judgment and impulsive decision making are more signs and symptoms of a manic episode. A manic episode can result in unwise and potentially dangerous behavior. Destructive behaviors can often occur with spending money, sexual

Bipolar disorder, or manic depressive disorder, is a disorder characterized by extreme mood changes. People with this disorder undergo unusual shifts in his or her mood, activity levels, energy and the ability to carry out daily activities (National Institute of Mental Health, n.d.). A person can go from being very outgoing and energetic to feeling irritated and worthless over a period of a few days, months, or even years. People with bipolar disorder experience “mood episodes”, represented by a drastic change in a person’s unusual mood or behavior (National Institute of Mental Health, n.d.). A manic episode he or she may experience is overexcited and overly joyful; however, someone in a

There is no indication she has had a manic or hypomanic episode. Her depression may be complicated by grief due to her father’s death one year ago. Her symptoms seem to get worse after his passing.