Current Issue in Management Accounting

Managerial accounting focuses on the needs of internal users (managers) and on data relevant for decision making.

The Performance Measurement is a way to either measure or give a understandable value to what has been done compared to what was supposed to be done. It applies to all aspects in the working environment, such as procedures, critical activities and processes. In other words, first you set pre-defined goals and give away tasks and responsibilities to other workers, then at the deadline you can compare the achieved results to what the original goal was at the beginning. It is also useful to evaluate not only the final result, but even all the actions taken to get that particular results and the way the actions have been taken as well.

To evaluate the Performance in any organization would simply mean to understand the goals and objectives of the company and how the goals/ objectives are achieved are the means of measurement. Different organization will have different objectives. For some it would mean high revenue, managing resources, customer satisfaction, and strong governance, building

Bubba, I am writing this memo so that you can further understand the problem that you are encountering. You want to receive further funding in order for your restaurant to grow and expand across the country. The issue that the bank is having with you and the restaurant is that you are not supplying sufficient evidence for them to decide whether or not they want to grant the loan to you to expand your restaurant. Before the bank can decide on your loan, they require financial statements documenting the revenues, profits, and assets of your restaurant. These statements show the bank if you possess enough funds in order to pay back the loan but they also use it to measure the amount of potential for the restaurant because whenever a bank grants a loan to a business or business owner, they are making an investment in that individual or business.

Measuring performance means when a business will measure the quality of the activities that are passing and the quality of the services provided to the customers by employees. It involves creating a simple, but effective, system for determining whether organizations meet objectives. It’s also a process of collecting and reporting information regarding the performance of an individual, group or organizations. It can

Performance measurement enables quality improvement through the measurement of performance based upon quality indicators. Therefore, performance measurements can lead to quality monitoring and ultimately quality improvements and the two are dependent upon each other.  External indicators

‘Performance records or measurement’ refers to the process of quantifying the efficiency or effectiveness of an action, while a measurement is the metric used in the quantification of the process (Neely, et al 1995).

Henri (2010) identified there was a lack of information present in management accounting literature related to how change in an organization drive change in performance measurement systems. Henri sought to explore

Management accounting techniques give business leaders the tools to measure and increase profit margins while lowering operating expenses. The scope of analytical techniques is large enough to fill college textbooks, and the Institute of Management Accountants offers certifications highly valued by the accounting industry. Through careful application of management accounting techniques, leaders are able to steer their organizations in the right direction and enhance profitability.

Rothschild, J. M., Lee, T. H., Bae, T., and others. "Survey of Physicians' Experience Using a Handheld Drug Reference Guide." (Presented at AMIA 2000 Annual Symposium). American Medical Informatics Association, Los Angeles, California, March 2000.

Reviewing the performance of an organization is also an important step when formulating the direction of the strategic activities. It is important to know where the strengths and weaknesses of the organisation lie, and as part of the ‘Plan –Do – Check – Act’ cycle, measurement plays a key role in quality and productivity improvement activities. The main reasons it is needed are:

For instance, the concept of cost estimation which assists in estimating future expenditure as the expenditure depends on the cost of the respective activities can be applied in the setting of a budget which is simply an estimate and schedule of all costs required to be assigned to an activity. One can make an estimation of the resources required for an activity by applying the cost estimation techniques. Since there are limiting factors to each activity such as scarcity of resources for activities, the concept of constraints can be applied together with the concept of cost volume profit analysis to ensure that maximum benefits are driven from the scarce resources and the number of activities that are available. This facilitates the allocation of resources that most equitable and profitable. The theory of constraints is also applicable in the process of setting up budgets. In setting up budget one considers the amount of resources that are available and cannot therefore set a budget plan that exceeds the amount of resources that are available. This implies that the budget is constrained by the amount of

In fact, many of these PMS tools and technological innovations were transformed based on those traditional ones to better meet the organisation needs in the contemporary era. More than 30 popular cost and management accounting techniques have been introduced since 1950 (Refer to Table1). Abdel and Luther (2006) described that the most notable innovative management accounting techniques are Activity based costing (ABC), strategic management accounting and the BSC. Among all the modern management accounting tools and techniques, this paper focuses on BSC as a performance measurement system and will be discussed in the next section.

Performance measuring is vital part which assessing value of employee and management. Performance can be measure through employee’s overall impact cost efficiency and effectives. (Anon., 2017)

Managers should ensure that selected performance measurement system fits the unique requirements and business strategy of the firm. In general, primary economic activity of the company and its performance focus should dictate the selection of performance measurement model.