Current Value Accounting

This text is still relevant to business today because it had the most basic processes for accounting some that are still used today; it is very outdated but nonetheless still quite useful

New accounting rules will affect the company’s revenue recognition in the upcoming year. Many companies such as Rolls-Royce Holdings will be affected by this change. Rolls-Royce Holdings books its revenues even before its services performed. For instance, they sell large engines and maintenance service, and Rolls-Royce Holdings booked the revenue even 1.5 years in advance. They will no longer able to book this unperformed revenues for the upcoming year. The investors will have a better picture on the firm’s revenues based on the new revenue recognition. Some sectors, such as telecommunications, media and pharmaceuticals, are expected to be affected more than others, because the firms recognize revenues before they perform the services. Moreover,

In the course of normal business operations certain transactions require specific treatment in accordance with generally accepted accounting procedures (GAAP). To properly prepare financial statements, the analysis of working papers is imperative to insuring compliance. Clarification of why information is needed about adjusting lower cost of market inventory on valuation, capitalizing interest on building construction, recording gain or loss on asset disposal, and adjusting goodwill for impairment is presented here.

When measures of central tendency are not affected by extremely low or extremely high values?

This is a discussion of two types of accounting methods that most companies use, accrual basis or cash basis. A definition of both concepts and comparisons between the two methods will be discussed. In addition, it describes and examines the difference in the managing of those methods and which form of accounting method is more useful and beneficial to provide information to users for different purposes. In cash basis accounting, revenue is recorded only when the cash is received, and expenses are recorded only when cash is paid. The Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) prohibits preparing an income statement using the cash basis of accounting as it violates the matching principles and revenue recognition. An

Critically examine the above statements by analysing the contribution of traditional management accounting techniques in an organisation, the necessity for modern management accounting techniques and the role of accountants in the implementation of the modern management accounting techniques in an organisation.

Preparing different income statements captures information in diverse ways to facilitate decision making on internal matters. The management needs to understand cost behavior in order to control the costs. Besides the production costs, changing sales patterns affects profitability and there is a need to achieve better sales accuracy after understanding cost behavior. Variable costing also captures information about the impact of changing operation on profitability and the management is better placed to make pricing decisions to maximize

Introduces the concepts of finance. Reviews the basic tools and their use for making financial decisions. Explains how to measure and compare risks across investment opportunities. Analyzes how the firm chooses the set of securities it will issue to raise capital from investors as well as how the firm’s capital structure is formed. Examines how the choice of capital structure affects the value of the firm. Presents valuation and integrate risk, return and the firm’s choice of capital structure.

The objective of AASB 116 is to stipulate the accounting treatment for property, plant and equipment, make user can understand information about an entity’s investment in its property, plant and equipment, and the changes in entity’s investment. The main issue for property, plant and equipment in accounting are the recognition of relationship between assets, the determination of their carrying amounts, the depreciation charges and impairment losses. AASB 116 required the entity disclose it’s information of gross carrying amount, depreciation method, depreciation rate, useful lives of PPE, accumulated depreciation and reconciliation of carrying amount at beginning of the reporting period and at end of the reporting period.

The statement of cash flows is a relatively new statement. Focused on cash-basis accounting rather than accrual-basis, the purpose of this statement is to describe the effects of a company’s cash inflows and outflows. This paper will discuss the current standards for the statement of cash flows, the history of the statement, and if the direct method or indirect method is more advantageous for the users.

Over the past several years, there has been a growing controversy over the accounting issues of fair values and historical cost. The basis of this controversy revolves around which one of these principles is the most accurate. There are many different viewpoints on this issue. Many accounting professionals believe that fair value is just as accurate as the historical cost principle, while others believe that the historical cost is more reliable. The facts about each of these valuation methods will be researched and explained throughout this research document, as well as the different viewpoint about which method is the most accurate and reliable.

Firstly, it is crucial to acknowledge of the Positive Accounting Theory. According to Deegan & Samkin (n.d.), Positive Accounting Theory explains and predicts accounting practice and does not seek to determine particular actions. For instance, which accounting policies will be choosen by firms and how newly proposed accounting standard will be reacted to by firms (Deegan & Samkin n.d.). In the same report, the author claims the first aspect of Positive Accounting Theory, which is “Explanation” means providing reasons for observed practice. For example, positive accounting theory pursues to explain why historical cost accounting continues being used by firms and why convinced firms switch between a numbers of accounting techniques. The second factor, which is “Prediction” indicates that the theory predicts “unobserved phenomena” (Deegan & Samkin n.d.). The author clarifies that this phenomena is not necessarily a future phenomena, they

Chartered Institute of Management Accountants defines MA as information that comes from combination of accounting, finance and management that needed to ensure the success of the organization. The changes in management accounting (MA) are a continuous matter that has been discussed by literature over an age. Thus, this paper also aims to discuss about the evolution of management accounting and changing roles of management accountants together with the development of strategic management accounting (SMA). In chapter introduction, this paper will explain the history and development of management accounting from ancient until now and also information about future of management accounting.

I. Introduction of company valuation methods and process........................................................3 1. Abstract................................................................................................................................3 2. Valuation methods...............................................................................................................3 2.1 Balance sheets – Based methods

(BESSONG, 2012) Study the importance of historical value and fair value cost accounting on reported profit. The study discussed how fair value accounting and historical cost accounting will have effect on the reported profit. However it is said that key objective of any business is to earn profit and it is also equally important to report the profit. Especially it is more important to record profit carefully during inflationary period. However they have study the reported profit and effects of fair and historical value by collecting data from both primary and secondary source. Therefore it is found that historical and fair value both is equally important and both have significant effect on the reported profit. Therefore operating profit of the company is influenced by the amount that is paid for taxes, dividend and depreciation.