Cuttlefish Growth Structure

Black sea bass is an important recreational and commercial species along the Atlantic coast of the U.S. The market for black sea bass is for human consumption and is primarily sold fresh or frozen. In May of this year, NOAA scientists declared the southern stock of black sea bass successfully rebuilt. The catch limit for this popular fish will more than double this fall. The rebuilding plan was required by the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, which requires that overfishing end immediately, that overfished stocks be rebuilt, and that stocks be subject to annual catch limits. The fish are also larger on average and are showing up in places where they haven’t

The habitats that are exploited to farm fish are becoming ineffective, as a result of disappearing mangroves. Humans should be protecting wild fish instead of over farming them. The issues caused by aquaculture are rendering the ecosystem unsustainable. In this chapter, we learned about aquaculture and all the various problems that come with it.

One of the famous instances is overfishing of holothurians that occurred in the 1980s. Holothurian is a precious marine creature which is also known as sea cucumber or bêche-de-mer. It began with Macassan fishers, who fished holothurian before twentieth century, leaving centuries-old tradition of trepang fishing in the Great Barrier Reef areas, where black teatfish is the main targeted species. Because of the increasing need for sea cucumber in East and Southeast Asia, where holothurian is regarded as a delicacy, abundant amount of black teatfish are harvested from the Great Barrier Reef and the Coral Sea each year, “with a harvesting peak of 2.3 million pounds in 1989” (Benzie and Uthicke 59). One outstanding characteristic of holothurian

Due to industrialization and other types of human activities, it has lead to an increase of greenhouse gas emission, such as carbon dioxide. The greenhouse gases cause global warming by trapping the heat of the sun in Earth’s atmosphere. Therefore causing the temperature of Earth’s atmosphere to rise as well as the ocean’s temperature resulting in the shrinkage of Menhaden. Not only does this affect other marine organisms, but it comes back and have an effect on humans. In 2013, the dockside value of Menhadens were approximately $129 million, decreased size of the fish will result in predators wanting to consume more leaving less fish for the harvest making it an economic problem for the fishing industry because the value will go down. Furthermore the article is important knowledge to the public because it can lead awareness to stop our planet from warming up even more and leading the Menhadens to shrink to an even smaller size than they already

The purpose of this study was to see whether or not seasons would affect the abundance and size of flatfish species. The hypothesis presented throughout the experiment was that seasonal effect would be present in the flatfishes that were being tested. This hypothesis was made because of the fact that there is a difference in spawning around the year within flatfish species.

This experiment was conducted by visiting Hennington Pond at the Modesto Maidique Campus (MMC) at Florida International University (FIU). Due to their rapid life cycles and rapid growth, Gambusia Holbrooki (Mosquitofish) is an optimal fish to be able to study under any condition. But because during this experiment we will be focusing on vertical life tables, the perk of using the mosquitofish is that they are highly abundant. This research that was conducted, further proved that the optimum age for the mosquitofish to reproduce is at the age of 90

The purpose of this report is to examine the data from an observational study of abalone in Tanzania. The intent of the

The research for this article was conducted by the University of California. The article focuses on how Atlantic Killfish found on the East Coast are very resilient and have adapted to extremely high levels

The Atlantic lumpfish is a small marine fish found throughout the eastern Atlantic Ocean, North Sea, Baltic Sea and Barents Sea. The species shows promise as a biological delousing agent for maintaining low levels of sea lice in Atlantic salmon sea cages, similar to several species of wrasse that have been used since the 1990s. They are collectively termed “cleaner fish”, and feed on a wide range of marine invertebrates, including sea lice. The majority of wrasse are sourced from wild fishery, while almost all lumpfish are produced in land-based farming facilities. The demand for cleaner fish in Norwegian aquaculture is high, and almost 25 million individuals were put to sea in the year 2014.

Menhaden is a small silver fish known to be very important to the economy. Over the past 65 years it has been shrinking in its overall physical features due to changes in air temperature which affects the temperature of the ocean’s water temperature. This occurs mainly in the coasts from Maine to Texas. They are shrinking in effect to the ocean temperatures rising which is caused by frequent shifts in atmospheric

Cobia (Rachycentron candum) goes by many English variant common names, such as, black kingfish, black salmon, cabio, crabeater, cubby yew, kingfish, lemonfish, ling, prodigal son, runner and sergeant fish (NOAA, 2014; Bester, n.d.). The initial taxonomy of cobia was labeled as Gasterosteus canadus by Linnaeus in 1766 and then later changed to the current name Rachycentron candum (as cited in Bester, n.d.). Often the cobia is misidentified as a shark or a remora (family Echeneidae) which is the closest living relative to the cobia. Incidentally, the cobia is the only member of the family Rachycentridae. The historical range of the species is within tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate waters worldwide with the exception of

The Nile perch is a species of fish in the Latidae family it is silver in color with a blue tinge. It has distinctive dark-black eyes, with a bright-yellow outer ring. One of the largest freshwater fish, it reaches a maximum length of nearly 2 meters (6 ft 7 in), weighing up to 200 kg (440 lb). Mature fish average 1.21–1.37 meters (4 ft 0 in–4 ft 6 in). (Kaufman n.d.). The natural predator of the Nile Perch is the Nile Crocodile. Since its first introduction the Nile Perch was very difficult to introduce to the commercial market due to it’s large size which required more time for fisheries to prepare and dry it.

The smalltooth sawfish became the first marine fish in the U.S. to receive federal protection as an endangered species. All of the seven species of sawfish are on the World Conservation Union’s (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. The main cause of the decline in the number of sawfish is due to the entanglement in commercial fishing nets that are found in the ocean. Their toothy rostrum causes extensive net damage. Therefore, many fisherman have regarded these fishes as an inconvenience. As a result, many of the sawfish caught in nets were killed, or too harmed from the incident to survive once set free. Another factor to the loss of the smalltooth sawfish is the loss of mangrove forests and other nursery habitats for conversion to any beachfront development in the southeast, which is extremely important for the smalltooth

This issue of overfishing covers vast fields, such as science, humanity, economy, society and nature. The term “optimum”, in regard to the yield from a fishery, is difficult to be defined, precisely and fixedly. Generally speaking, we can describe it as follows: (Niles E. Stople, January 2009, FishNet USA)

Due to the importance of fishing to the worldwide economy and the need for humans to understand human impacts on the environment, the academic division of fisheries science was developed. Fisheries science includes all aspects of marine biology, in addition to economics and management skills and information. Marine conservation issues like overfishing, sustainable fisheries and management of fisheries are also examined through fisheries science.