Cyber Espionage In China Essay

Cyber espionage is the act of attempting to penetrate an adversarial system for the purposes of extracting sensitive or protected data of either social or technical in nature. They are illicit activities that range from the commercial and economic to the political and strategic. They include small nuisance attacks to matters of high magnitude and importance like the national security and intelligence (Cornish 2012). Chinese cyber espionage has continued to escalate in recent years; it has continued to gain attention in many institutions including the media, the technology and information services industries, in scientific research and innovations, and as well as the general public. All these institutions are aware that china is taking part in the systematic development of cyber techniques that they intentionally use to invade international organizations, national governments, commercial companies, universities, and research institutes (Cornish, 2012).

The hawk perspective laid out by Colonel Jayson Spade in China’s Cyber Power and America’s National Security, focuses on American conventional military supremacy. Colonel Spade paints cyber tactics as tools to extend American military

Pfleeger, S. Pfleeger, and Margulies (2015) outline possible examples of cyber warfare between Canada and China (p. 844). According to Pfleeger, S. Pfleeger, and Margulies (2015), “the Canadian government revealed that several of its national departments had been victims of a cyber attack…” (p. 844). Eventually, the attack was unofficially traced to a computer in China (p. 844). Cyber warfare can be used negatively and positively. It is evident that China was seeking to gain protected information form Canada. Although a purpose of cyber warfare, it is not a conventional way of obtaining information. Additionally, cyber warfare can be used to collect intelligence on an enemy. Anyone seeking to gather intelligence on another individual or group can launch a cyber attack that gains access to protected files. This could be used to help future militant operations or expose critical information. Lastly, cyber warfare can be used to test systems internally. Acting with no malicious intent, “insiders” can utilizing cyber warfare tactics to attack their own cyber security barriers in order to test the strength of their systems. Seeking to expose the vulnerabilities in a system that contains important assets without actually harming the assets provides the system a diagnosis of what needs to be strengths and fixed. Identifying the problem or threats before an actual attack can ultimately save the protected

Private organizations in the United States come under attack weekly if not daily and their cyber defenses must be kept up to par otherwise there will be an extreme loss of information and resources. FBI director James Comey can be quoted as saying “There are two kinds of big companies in the United States. There are those who 've been hacked by the Chinese and those who don 't know they 've been hacked by the Chinese” (Comey). Comey can also be quoted as having said that, “China was seeking to obtain "information that 's useful to them so they don 't have to invent" (Comey). This stolen information can be used against these companies when brokering a trade deal or even Chinese companies could begin manufacturing American goods illegally

After the horrific attacks of 9/11, the U.S. Government created the Department of Homeland Security, which then created over 220 different organizations and agencies to combat terrorism and collect intelligence. These agencies and organizations receive orders and directions from the National Intelligence Agency, and employees over 850,000 government employees with an approximate annual budget of $100 million. With a large annual budget and multiple employees working domestically and with foreign policy, the intelligence function has changed dramatically over the last decade and a half. Foreign governments have scrutinized the National Intelligence (NI) community for monitoring foreign militaries, and their government’s intentions

When all is said and done, the United States Internet is fully exposed to any threat from outside the country’s borders. What security that exists relies solely on independent security methods, be them from the United States government, from private companies, or just individuals. As has been noted recently, all these have failed miserably, be it China’s stealing of millions of records from the United States Office of Personnel Management (Gertz, 2016), January, to the Sony hack by the North Korean’s (Elkind, 2015) and have demonstrated the total lack of needed national Internet boundary

In this day in age everything from critical infrastructure, government information to money is being digitalized to the internet. Furthermore, it gave a showed a new front in which our nation can be attacked via cyber space. The Cyber security role for Homeland Security intelligence has become increasingly worrisome. Due to the fact that the cyber security of the nation has become increasingly targeted by foreign organizations, countries, and terrorists. One of the most potentially damaging targets is the nation’s critical infrastructure, especially the water and energy. In an article Hacking Gets Physical, it states that the “FBI confirmed that operatives in Russia, Iran, and China conducted mapping operations in order to discover weakness in the nations cyber security.” The critical infrastructure is becoming more digitalized because of its

In this paper I will take an in depth look at the recent state sanctioned Chinese cyber-attacks against United States organizations and agencies. These attacks have had profound effects, ultimately altering structures and processes. Government officials are calling for millions of dollars in training and defense measures, while many are now becoming aware of a new type of threat. The inter-organizational relationships, external environment, and ecosystem have also been denaturised. I will also take a look at scholarly definitions of war and how they may be applied to the issue at hand. Finally, I will examine the United Nation’s doctrine and deem whether these attacks should be considered aggressive acts made by China, and what may

We have to learn lessons from the past how vulnerable our counter intelligence operation is and build the system to safeguard our classified information to protect American citizens harm from our adversaries. We can’t afford to have another penetration on our counter intelligence operation. Hanssen, Ames, Montes cases must be the last example of penetration to our CI operation flaw. Harber argues that government agencies are responsible more thorough background investigations and periodic reviews; regular personal finance disclosure for national security officials and their families; and more frequent polygraphs. (Harber 2009, 228) This will help to mitigate the treat from our enemies. Former National Counterintelligence Executive Michelle Van Cleave has argued that ‘‘By working the foreign intelligence service as a strategic target globally, U.S. counterintelligence should be able to leverage insights into adversary activities and vulnerabilities to direct CI operations to maximum effect.’’ (Harber 2009,

Prior to the founding of the United States of America, the insider threat has hindered the security of a nation. It is written that the outward destruction of a country results from the inward turmoil of its government. Numerous historical accounts of internal conflicts endangering the welfare of countries are present in the history books of most countries. In most instances, the conflict occurred within the governmental structure of the nation. Regarding internal threats, the US government is not immune from this imminent danger. Constantly, there are numerous threat to US government operations that are undetected. Although the US government Most recently, the breach of security of former National Security Agency (NSA) employee, Edward Snowden, and the ongoing saga of events surrounding his dubious departure from his home country have permeated the media of countries around the world. The Snowden case is “the latest in the

In this paper I will take an in depth look at recent state sanctioned Chinese cyber-attacks against United States organizations and agencies. These attacks have had profound effects, ultimately altering structures and processes. Government officials are calling for millions of dollars in training and defense measures, while many are now becoming aware of a new type of threat. The inter-organizational relationships, external environment, and ecosystem have also been denaturized. I will also take a look at scholarly definitions of war and how they may be applied to the issue at hand. Finally, I will examine the United Nation’s doctrine and deem whether these attacks should be considered aggressive acts made by China, and what may result.

It illustrates the speed and variability at which these cybersecurity developments shape up. For example, it is not difficult to imagine that under less turbulent circumstances, advocates for democratic values in China would have gained a stronger foothold in the realm of cybersecurity policy.

The damage of a full-fledged cyber attack would be devastating, the destruction would be unparalleled to any other tragedy that has occurred America. Since technology is responsible for providing America with vital entities and resources, an unadulterated cyber attack would nearly fail the American economy; this is what is known as critical systems failure. Weapons of mass destruction and cyber attacks present imminent threats of critical systems failure. Although currently Americas’ critical infrastructures are coordinated by controlled systems, majority of these systems are indeed connected to the American cyberspace. This exposes one of America’s most vulnerable spot amidst cyber security. Another major vulnerable spot within the nations IT security would be the geographical physical location for each of Americas primary infrastructures, as well as their productivity. Due to the proximal locations, the major infrastructures could very well be infiltrated by one efficient CNA.

Despite such a progressive and deep-rooted reputation Huawei is currently facing political scrutiny regarding security concerns, a prevalent factor in the reasons for its limited economical growth in the US. Failure to acquire 3com led to Huawei not landing any major US contracts. This seems to be having a small domino effect in other countries also, examples being UK government offices scrapping all Huawei video intercom devices and even going so far as to review a UK cyber security centre run by Huawei, also, India’s state owned BSNL dropping Huawei from it’s suppliers after being advised by India’s own intelligence bureau, stating that Huawei can not be trusted with it’s sensitive telecom expansion. Similarly, Australian defence and intelligence organizations successfully advised the Australian government to ban Huawei from participating in it’s $38 billion NBN (National Broadband Network).

The May 20th 2017 New York Times (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/20/world/asia/china-cia-spies-espionage.html?_r=0) presented an article as did several renowned news outlets telling of how the Chinese government ‘systematically dismantled CIA spying operations in the country’ from 2010 to 2012. It has only been recently admitted by American officials that the killing and imprisonment of over a dozen spies was the worst intelligence breach for over a decade. No one can be sure how the breach occurred, but this is a perfect example of an internal threat, a threat that had already appeared on the radar but had not been dealt with effectively until the damage was done. This example was a clear win for Chinese Intelligence and a sad loss for the United States. Still, only 3 years later in 2015, another massive hack into government