D5ns Case Studies

Sepsis Treatment Sepsis should be to be considered a medical emergency and treatment should begin the minute a patient presents with symptoms. Treatment options may begin with applying oxygen to the patient. Providing oxygen to the patient can ensure the body has enough oxygen in its system to perfuse vital organs. Treating patients with intravenous fluids can not only hydrate the patient but help to bring up a patient’s blood pressure than make be low due to the sepsis. Intravenous fluids such as normal saline (a crystalloid fluids) are usually the fluid of choice when treating sepsis. Another group of fluids that may be administered are colloid solutions. Colloids solutions include albumin and dextran. Albumin can replace lost fluid and help restore blood volume. Is a plasma volume expander that can assist in treating hypovolemia? When patients have an unstable or low blood pressure it can lead to shock. “A 2006 study showed that the risk of death from sepsis increases by 7.6% with every hour that passes before treatment begins’ (Kumar, 2006, p.251).

• the indications for offering the medicines • the dose to give and how often it may be repeated before referring to the resident’s doctor

541). Interventions should be rendered continuously, promptly and appropriately as it can cause life-threatening complications (Holt 2009, p. 26). Apparently, the patient is stable, but continuous assessment and management should be done to avoid recurrences of untoward signs andsymptoms and prevent potential complications. Firstly, continuous assessment and vital signs should be done and these include blood pressure, cardiac rate, respiration, venous distention and skin turgor to assess possible occurrence of fluid overload as a result of rapid administration of large fluid that is often needed to treat the patient with DKA (Smeltzer & Bare 2004 p. 1185). Aside from this, documentation of fluid intake and output should be monitored and documented to assess for circulatory overload and renal function (Holt 2009, p. 61). Significantly, it is integral in the provision of continuous care that nurses reassess the factors that may have contribute or led to DKA, and educate the patient and his family about strategies to prevent its recurrences (Smeltzer & Bare 2004 p. 1186; Lemone, Burke & Bauldoff 2011, p. 551).

Looking at an example, your medical control states you need to establish an IV on a cardiac patient complaining of chest pressure at a rate of 80 ml/hr using a 500 ml bag of Normal Saline solution. The drip set you choose is a 60 gtts/ml minidrip set. The formula is as follows:

Best Practices to adopt whenever administering medication Andrew Pfaff Nightingale College of Nursing Pharmacology 210 Mr. H 11/24/2017 Best practices to adopt whenever administering medication. Introduction Safe medication practices are key to every nurse since it results to safe medication administration. When medication is not administered correctly it results to adverse drug event which refers

[pic] The emergency department physician inserts a central venous catheter via the subclavian vein and prescribes Lactated Ringer's solution at 1,000 ml/hr via infusion pump.

Ignatavicius, D., D. & Workman, M., L. (2013). 2. The physician suspects osteoporosis. List seven risk factors associated with osteoporosis. Cigarette smoking Obesity Lack of exercise Postmentopausal Low calcium intake Low weight and BMI Alcohol and Any score lower than -2.5 indicate osteoporosis. Ignatavicius, D., D. & Workman, M., L. (2013). 6. The physician orders alendronate (Fosamax) 70mg/wk. what instructions should you give M.S. regarding alendronate?

The intravenous dosage in this case is 0.5 - 1 mg/kg IV (range: 0.5 - 2 mg/kg).

Nursing considerations: Obtain baseline data (heart rate and rhythm, blood pressure, and electrolytes) before giving first dose. Dose is adjusted to patient's clinical condition and is monitored by serum levels of cardiac glycoside, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and by ECG. Check for symptoms of toxicity.

The urinary system maintains homeostasis by removal and restoration of selected amounts of water and solutes. By regulating and maintaining the volume of blood. Waste products from body cells can produce toxic waste and need to be eliminated from the body. These can include carbon dioxide and water as well as the breakdown

In order to understand how this could cause irritation, one must understand the basic mechanisms of isotonic and hypertonic solutions. Isotonic solutions match the osmolality of the blood, which is around 280mOsm/L – 310mOsm/L. This type of solution is used to enhance the fluid volume within the blood vessels. As for hypertonic solutions, they have a higher solute to solvent ratio, which means the solutions’ osmolality is higher than the normal serum levels and the pH is lower than the normal serum pH of 7.35-7.45. The IV administration of hypertonic solutions draws fluids from the blood and endothelial cells, causing them to shrink and become dehydrated. This dehydration poses the highest, most immediate injury risk to the surrounding IV catheter

magnesium sulfate to be given over 30 minutes set at 300 mL/hr to give the 6g in 30 min. She also has a maintenance dose of 2g per hour after the bolus which will be set at 50 mL/hr. (7) In this moment seizure control, pain management, environment management, fetal monitoring, potential Foley catheter from uterine relaxing from the magnesium sulfate and decreased urine output from preeclampsia, as well as left lateral position to help promote fetal circulation.

DNSSEC is a set of DNS extensions that authenticates the origin of zone data and verifies

The Domain Name System or DNS is an international address system developed to ensure that every computer connected to the Internet has its own address. DNS assigns addresses to Internet web servers [10]. However, in the DNS system, that address is actually a set of numbers like 173.194.39.78. This set of numbers is called the computer's Internet Protocol (IP) address.

DNS is one of the most critical components of the Internet Infrastructure. Many important services – including Web and email can function only because of the DNS. Every object has an identity by which it can be recognized. For human begins, the name, birthdate, social security numbers are the identifiers.