DNA EXTRACTION Essay

In this experiment, DNA was extracted from human cheek cells using Gatorade, soap solution, and rubbing alcohol. To do this, Gatorade was swished in the subject’s mouth vigorously for 45 seconds, and then added to soap solution and rubbing alcohol. This mixture was left to sit in ice water for two to three minutes. It was hypothesized that when cheek cells were placed into Gatorade, soap solution, and rubbing alcohol, that the DNA would be extracted, forming a stringy substance. This hypothesis was supported by the results of the experiment. After adding the alcohol to the Gatorade and soap solution, a semi-translucent, fibrous substance was formed.

Although DNA molecules seem minuscule, if all the DNA in a human body was unwound and placed from end to end, it would cover about 10 billion miles. That's approximately the same distance as traveling from the Earth to Pluto and back. (Helmenstine, 2017). If a person typed 60 words per minute, eight hours a day, it would take approximately 50 years for them to type the human

From cases such as OJ Simpson to Chandra Levy, DNA profiling also called DNA fingerprinting or DNA typing has played a major role in the criminal justice system. The law enforcement community uses DNA profiling to rule out or identify suspects. Unlike hair microscopy, bite mark comparisons, shoe print comparisons, and firearm tool mark analysis, DNA typing has been developed through massive scientific research and has undergone meticulous scientific evaluation (Innocence Project). DNA is a foolproof method of identifying a perpetrator of a crime.

In order to extract DNA from any living thing, we needed to first gather the materials. Then we began the experiment. Step 1, put in a blender 1/2 cup of split peas (100ml), 1/8 teaspoon table salt (less than 1ml), and 1 cup cold water (200ml). Next, we blended the materials on high for 15 seconds. This allowed the pea cells to separate from each other, so we now had a really thin pea-cell soup. Step 2, poured our thin pea-cell soup through a strainer into another container. Added 2 tablespoons of liquid detergent (about 30ml) and swirled to mix. We then let the mixture incubate for 7 minutes. Poured the mixture into test tubes containers, and filled each about 1/3 full. Step 3, added a pinch of meat tenderizer to each test tube and stirred gently to make sure we didn’t break up the DNA. Step 4, tilted our test tube and slowly poured rubbing alcohol (70-95% isopropyl or ethyl alcohol) into the tube down the side so that it forms a layer on top of the pea mixture. Poured until we had about the same amount of alcohol in the tube as pea mixture. Alcohol is less dense than water, so it floats on top. From there we looked for clumps of white stringy stuff where the water and alcohol layers meet. The white stringy stuff was tangled DNA molecules. Thus, we completed DNA extraction. As we performed the experiment we made no changes to the original protocol.

Aram, a 16-year-old trainee hairdresser from Keyworth in Nottinghamshire, was abducted, raped and strangled on 30 October 1983 – five years before the careless driver was born. (Her murder was featured in the first ever episode of Crimewatch in 1984.) The police had a few circumstantial leads to go on: a stolen red Ford Fiesta; a handwritten message from the killer saying they'd never catch him; a paper towel recovered from the toilet of a pub, the Generous Briton, where shortly after the murder a man with blood under his fingernails had eaten a ham sandwich, drunk a pint of orange juice and lemonade, and told the landlady an unlikely story about having driven up the M1 to see some friends who weren't in. Twenty thousand people were interviewed in the course of the investigation, but the killer

On October 12 2017, the class was set to collect DNA samples from a strawberry. Placing the strawberry in a ziplock bag and zip up the bag. Squish the strawberry into a liquid. Add 10 ml of the buffer (salty, soapy water) into a 10ml graduated cylinder using a transfer pipettes. Using the 10ml graduated cylinder, open up the ziplock bag and pour the 10 ml buffer with the squished up strawberry then zip up the ziplock bag. Mix it by moving it around using your fingers, but be cautious about how much bubbles are created. Add the a funnel lined with a cheesecloth onto a test tube (filtration apparatus) and filter the new berry-buffer solution in the filtering apparatus into a test tube. When finished with adding the new berry-buffer solution

Techniques that are used to get the DNA from where it includes the use and combination of detergent, meat tenderizer and methylated spirits. Peas are remarkable as Mendel used peas in his original experiments to research and

The final experiment used E.coli so all we had to do to release the dna was to add the lysing solution since there is no cell wall to break. We used Iced ethyl alcohol to form a layer above the lysate solution for the dna to float into in all of the experiments as well as tipping the vial at a 45 degree angle while we spooled the dan on our patented glass dna extraction rod.

Initial trials were performed in class of DNA extraction. This time strawberry was used. The process that was undertaken

Allowing the annual report of the National DNA Database Strategy Board as of 2012-2013, NDNAD helps the law enforcement in giving worthful information that will lead in determining the suspect and solve crime cases. However, sometimes the crime doesn’t solve and more evidence needs to be collecting to secure a conviction but in dealing with NDNAD it provides the police of its needed information for DNA matches.

Setting aside the fact that DNA forensic technique is to a great degree helpful. This nonetheless, does not take away from the fact that even it too has its limitation. In some multiplex situations such as (such as with DNA mixtures). DNA call for and depend on analyst putting together a variation of subjective judgements that are prone to bias. Furthermore, contrary to the perspective that DNA is objective, some have suggested that DNA examination interpretations might be biased and could even be impacted by various factors.

Actinidia deliciosa, often known as the kiwifruit is a hexaploid species with 6X= chromosomes. The considerable greater part of Actinidia species are diploid, with 2X=58 chromosomes (http://www.actahort.org/books/297/297_5.htm). Hence why kiwi is a great fruit to investigate with. It also yields a reasonable amount of DNA. This makes it easier to make observations on the DNA extracted from the kiwi and make judgments on what impacts different chemicals had on it.

Purpose: Most of the living things have DNA. We are learning about DNA while using strawberries because it will remove DNA from the strawberry. DNA can be removed by following the steps so we can see it with our eyes. It is a great experiment to see what does the DNA look like instead looking at the pictures from the textbook. It will help me as visual learner to understand more about the DNA.

Sequence-specific DNA targeting of nucleases, recombinases and transcriptional activators is a powerful tool to manipulate the sequence or regulate the expression of the gene of interest. While Zinc fingers specific to DNA trinucleotides, coupled to different effector domains have been employed for targeted manipulation of the genome with considerable success, we are limited by the off-target toxicity caused by trinucleotide specific zinc fingers. Recently, it has been shown that Xanthomonas secreted virulence factors called transcription-activator like effectors (TALEs), which contain 1.5 to 33.5 tandem repeats bind sequence

The purpose of DNA extraction is to isolate the DNA from saliva and other unnecessary materials.We first centrifuged the samples in their tubes to maximize the number of particles in a solution. Then added different buffers and proteins to break cells, tissue, and the cell membrane to get the DNA by itself.