Dartmouth College Vs. Woodward

Penn and Winthrop led their people to the New World with the hopes of starting a new, safe, society that escaped persecution. Their contact with the Indians and their differing views of religion would help them shape the politics of their communities. They both came with the similar goals but they would each carry it out in their own specific way. These early colonists would help influence the founding of many other communities, bringing in many new ideals

When America was first founded the colonists believed that they could do one of two things. They could either ask for entire families and groups of people to come over from England to start family farms and businesses to help the colony prosper. The

The Massachusetts Bay colony was originally founded by a group of Puritans who were led by John Winthrop. John Winthrop was a wealthy and educated Puritan who helped fund the colony on its voyage to the new world and for supplies. He would eventually serve four terms as the governor of the colony. For their efforts King Charles I granted the Massachusetts Bay company a royal charter.A royal charter was a signed order by the King which granted special privileges and powers to either a single person or in this case to the company. This officially made the colony part of the empire and encouraged migration to the settlement.

Long before the Founding Fathers, European countries built settlements in the wilderness of the New World. During the 1600’s, English settlers founded Plymouth and Jamestown along the Eastern Coast of North America. Puritans established Plymouth to escape the Catholic Church of England. The Virginia Company established Jamestown in search of fortune. Both settlements managed unavoidable contact with the natives. Although both Plymouth and Jamestown’s interactions with Native Americans included early encounters, diplomatic intermediaries, and peace treaties, Jamestown’s approach differed from by displaying less aggression.

Samuel Worcester was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, on January 19, 1798. While he was studying in New England, he became friends with Oowatie. Oowatie was a Cherokee that went by the name of Elias Boudinot. After graduating from the Theological Seminary at Andover, he became a minister in 1825. He went to the Brainard Mission and worked with the Cherokees of Tennessee.

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in New Shelter, Conn., and Harvard College in Cambridge, Mass. In 1759, the College of St. Andrews in

Pilgrims were the first to arrive on the Mayflower. They were expected to land in Virginia, but trailed off course, landing in Plymouth. They created the Mayflower Compact which states that all who sign the document were to remain faithful to the king and behave like a good citizen. The Pilgrims worked nicely with the Pequot Indians. They had the help of Squanto and Samoset, who taught them how to farm and survive. The Puritans were the second group of individuals to arrive in Massachusetts. John Winthrop, the first governor, wanted to create a tight-knit community and a model society for Christians. This was known as “City Upon a Hill”. They developed laws that was connected with the church and the state. The Puritans valued education, so they built Harvard University to train Puritan ministers. There was also religious tension with the Puritans. Kids of religious parents didn’t want a public conversion. The church wanted the kids to stay, so they created the Half-Way Covenant. It stated that the kids can continue becoming Puritans if they read the Bible and had parents who went through a public conversion. Next, there was a crisis with witchcraft, known as the Salem Witch Trials. The settlers were afraid of witches, connecting it with the Devil. When the kids started behaving oddly, blame was casted towards women and

Quite simply, the first public school in America was Boston Latin School. This school was established on April 23, 1635 in the town of Boston, Massachusetts (“BLS History”). The location of Boston was prime for a school considering that this city was the center of much settling and growth. Boston Latin School was founded by Reverend John Cotton, who was a Puritan minister, a Cambridge University graduate, and a free-thinker. Boston Latin School modelled after the Free Grammar School in Boston, England (“America’s First School”). Classes were first originally taught in home of headmaster Phillip Pormort from 1635 to 1643 while the school was being built (“BLS History”).

During the eighteenth century, there was an outburst of religious revival, known as the Great Awakening. Starting in Northampton, Massachusetts, the Great Awakening had a huge impact and spread throughout the colonies. It was ignited by a pastor named Jonathan Edwards in the 1740s. Edwards believed that the lack of good works called for the need of complete dependence on God’s Grace. This caused Edwards to create a sermon about how not doing good works will result in God being angry with you and you will be sent to hell.

John Adams went to Harvard college in 1751-1755. He had two brothers named Elihu Adams and Peter Adams. Can't forget about his parents Susanna Boylston and John Adams Sr. He was a young lawyer and he knew he wouldn't get nowhere without a good reputation.

Colonists founded New England as a place where their people could practice their religion freely and without discrimination or a cost. The colonists in New England were focused on living out their religious convictions, making sacrifices for the community in order to stay humble. Document E illustrates this point. A report of wage and price regulations in Connecticut, the document discusses how merchants and workmen were asked by their religious leaders to restrict their wealth in the name of religion. The document conveys how fathers of families were obligated to stifle their wealth because of their faiths. The Chesapeake colonies were founded as outlets to make money from resources like gold. Document F is written by John Smith, a key member of the creation of the Virginia Company in 1606, and later the leader of Jamestown. Smith explains the hardships faced while in the Chesapeake colonies seeking gold. Provisions were limited, meals were scant, and many men were killed in the frenzy to obtain gold. Document F is important because it reveals that the Chesapeake colonies were an economically driven colony from the get go, and were established in attempts to generate revenue. Although the Chesapeake colonies made themselves an economic powerhouse, wealth was sought quite ravenously. Nathaniel Bacon writes document H, a

Clifton Wharton was not a stranger to adverse condition when he became chief executive officer of Teachers Insurance and Annuities Association-College Retirement Equities Fund. He displayed an authoritative personality to change the organization course of action. His leadership moment consists of many key actions which help restructures TIAA-CREF toward its current progress. Clifton Wharton in 1969 was appointed president of Michigan State University becoming the first African American to head a major Research I institution. He is a graduate of Harvard University B.A. with cum laude honors in 1947. He received a M/A. in 1948 from John Hopkins University and the University of Chicago M.A. 1956 and Ph.D. in 1958. He later went on to become the Chancellor of the State University of New York system. Wharton was the first African American to head a Fortune 500 company and lead a vibrant career in higher education, business, and foreign policy prior to his retirement in 1993.

Benjamin Franklin observed in 1747, “It has long been regretted as a misfortune to the youth of this province that we have no academy in which they might receive the accomplishment of a regular education,” instead of just perceiving that fact and being disappointed, Franklin decided to act. He noted that Massachusetts had Harvard, established 1636, and Virginia claimed William and Mary, established 1693, he did not want Pennsylvania to fall behind. This prompted him to write an anonymous pamphlet in 1747 entitled, Proposals relating to the Education of Youth in Pennsylvania. The pamphlet argued for the necessity of a college and urged concerned citizens to donate money toward it. It was not until Franklin wrote his autobiography that the world knew it was he who wrote Proposals relating to the Education of Youth in Pennsylvania.

The Massachusetts colony, otherwise known as the ‘Massachusetts Bay colony’ was originally settled by Puritans in 1630. They were plagued by the religious persecutions of King Charles I and the Church of England. Weary from this dogged torment, they left England under the leadership of John Winthrop. These original colonists quickly established many small towns in the name of high religious ideals and strict societal rules. They also planted churches, spread Puritanism and religiously educated the masses, as these were some of their goals. A utopian society that other colonies looked upon with high regards was the ultimate goal.