David Walker's Argumentative Analysis

“In time, other plantation crops, especially cotton, sugarcane, and sugar beets, were found to thrive in the South”. It also says “As a result of those and other factors, the North's economy came to depend more on trade than on agriculture”(Doc 3). This means that the North and the South had different views on how to live and how to make money . This also means that the South and the North had different opinions that could not be solved. Southern states left the Union because they had different ways of making money and living.

There were several issues that contributed to the split between the northern and southern states. Among these were the deep social, economic and political differences. The split could be traced as far back as the early 1800’s, just as the industrial revolution was beginning. It’s effects on the north and the south caused the economic split. As the north was becoming more industrialized; the south began to rely heavily on slave labor. This was one of the main reasons, as the southern view on slavery differed greatly from the North. These views were based on drastically different interpretations of the constitution.

Political tension between the North and the South started early when there was disagreement over Henry Clay’s American System. The American System imposed tariffs to support northern manufacturing, federally funded roads and canals, and supported the National Bank. Northerners were in support of the American System but the South wasn’t on board with the plan. This protective tariff was a tax on imports, and since the South was receiving most of the imported goods, they got the brunt of the tariff. The South believed it was unfair that it was putting money into the North’s industrial economy when the South was barely making enough revenue to support itself. While the South provided the Northern industries with most of the raw materials they needed, the price the North paid for these things were nothing compared to what the South had to pay for the manufactured goods the North produced. The opposition to the American System was so strong that South Carolina declared the tariffs void and threatened to leave the Union. But Andrew Jackson worked with South Carolina and the Union remained whole. This was the Nullification Crisis of 1832. The two regions clashed politically too. While the North became generally

The economy in the South was based on plantations, mostly bales of cotton that were managed by slaves (Doc. B). Their economy was so great that, in 1857, out of the $279,000,000 the U.S. produced of domestic products, the South produced $158,000,000 out of articles like cotton and rice, which could not be made in the North; perhaps this is what lead them to believe they were so powerful. (Doc. D). However, they also felt they depended too much on the North for articles of utility and adornment, as well as rail-roads, canals, and other public improvements (Doc. C). The North, on the contrary, worked primarily on industries and factories. (Doc. B). The conflict between the two came when the South wanted to leave the Constitution and become its own country (Doc. E), which meant that the U.S. would lose a huge amount of its economy, although this was not the main reason why the North did not like the idea of the South leaving the U.S. The North and the South had distinguishably different economies, with the South’s being rural and the North’s industrial, so any changes in tariffs mostly benefited the North rather than the South, which is what mostly upset the

The country at this time had different ideologies and ideas on how slavery should be dealt with, leading to the separation of the southern states. But right before that you had the

The slavery matter caused the sectionalism between the North and the South: “There most certainly was sectional conflict between North and South over slavery-related matters...” America’s image or reputation in the international communities was also a part of the reasons that the northerners supported the abolishment of slavery. They cared about it because the trades with overseas countries were largely carried on in the North. Moreover, by 1865, most of more developed and influential countries at that time already abolished slavery, but slavery still existed in the U.S. Although the abolitionists were a minor group of anti-slavery people in the North, they argued to abolish slavery partially because they, as the northerners, worried about the America’s international image and how this would affect their trades and economy. The northern states could have seceded as they were wealthier, but with an economical reason, they needed the raw materials such as cotton from the south. Therefore, it was better for them to maintain the Union and also the secession is unconstitutional.

But the underlying causes of it go much deeper: the North and the South represented two essentially different economic and social systems that could barely co-exist under one national government (Dew). Disputes over slavery reflect a deeper conflict between the two differing mindsets. While the North was building an industrialized economy of free citizens, the South relied on plantation farming, slavery being an integral part of it (American Civil War). Therefore, the secession movement of 1860 had deep cultural and social roots, which is why it led to such a massive

Throughout the 1800s, the United States made advancements as a nation. The expansion of territory towards the West brought new beginnings for some citizens and an increase in nationalism of the country. But, it also caused problems. This once unified country started to show a prominent divide of two regions, the North, states in the Northeast of the country, and the South, states in the Southeast and South of the country. At first, it was not as visible, but started to show when slavery was more dominant in the Southern states and decreasing in the Northern states.

When Andrew Jackson enforced high tariffs on the country in 1828 and 1832, southern states did not approve because it felt like it was only helping the northern economy, Specifically, South Carolina would nullify the act and “defeat the execution of certain laws of the United States” (Doc A). The effect of the Nullification Crisis is that it showed the south would not oblige by laws that hurt their economy, therefore a compromise on slavery in the future, which was the backbone of their economy, would obviously not be followed by any of the states due to how important a factor it was. Another economic factor that made compromise by 1860 seem impossible was the general economy of each region of the country. In the north, big cities developed with immigrants, railroads were popular, industry was booming and the emergence of a middle class started to happen. Meanwhile in the south, there was no real industry nor manufacturing, no real middle class, and the economy was solely based around slaves picking cotton on large plantations. Since the southern economy was one hundred percent dependable on slavery and cotton trade, they would definitely not favor a compromise that would mute the use of slavery. The effect of this is that it made compromise on the issue of slavery

So whenever the Union added a state the Confederacy wanted to add a slave state. This went back and forth until the Civil War began. The Union earned their income with industry and making many necessities, where the South relied heavily on tobacco, cotton, and the most problematic slavery. The South also wanted 3/5 of every slave to count as a man and be used to represent the state in Congressional matters. The Union would not agree with this what so ever and completely shut this idea down. The South had a lower population, had a small railroad system, did not produce much steel or iron, had less wealth, less valuable exports, less factories, but had the majority of all farmland in the United States. The education difference was a major difference too. The Northerners were more educated and had a much more to offer educationally. In the South they solely relied on the farm and what type of product it was producing. Even though the South did not have everything the North did, they were content and were not in the mood for any change at all. (civilwar.org)

The issues like slavery What 's more, issues like servitude made pressure between the two in light of the fact that the central government needed to annul subjugation however the southern states couldn 't help contradicting this as this was their lifestyle and it ought to be their choice to nullify it or not. "Southerners trusted that state laws conveyed more weight than Federal laws, and they ought to comply with the state regulations first. It was for the most part the southern states that would not like to annul bondage and the greater part of the northern states obliged the central government, so this created a conflict

The division between the North and South states in the early American life was inevitable. The population in the Northern States were growing rapidly, while the population in the Southern States remained stagnant. The Northern economy was growing rapidly as well, as they were manufacturing goods that they wanted they to sell abroad, but more importantly, they wanted to sell these goods locally. The Southern States were a good market for these manufacturers. Their economy was rich from the sale of cotton, and they represented a prime, albeit small market. Northern manufacturers pressed for tariffs that imposed on imported foreign goods that could be made in the United States so they could ensure that the South bought the Northern goods. The Southern States, being predominantly agricultural, demanded there to be almost a status quo government, which would allow them to have more individual state rights, however, the Northern states relied on the government for help with their immigration and flourishing population. The two goals of the regions were

Lastly, on the subject of discrimination are the viewpoints that come from Fredrick Douglass author of the essay Reconstruction (1866). Unfortunately, Douglass was an individual that endured the abuse of slavery, until managing to flee (Van Camp, 2014). It was through Douglass’s experiences of slavery and beyond, that lead him down a journey to seek fairness for all, including slaves and the rights of women (Van Camp, 2014). Although the Civil War had ended and slavery was supposed to be eliminated, Douglass moved forward by writing the essay, Reconstruction (Van Camp, 2014). It is a piece of literature that seemed to illuminate Douglass’s views on the possibility that although the Civil War ended and slavery was no longer acceptable, there was still reason to believe that the country

The tariff laws between the late 1828 and 1833 caused people like John C. Calhoun to realize that states should have the right reject laws passed by the federal government. This law forced the South to buy manufactured goods from U.S. manufacturers at a higher price. The southern states also received a reduced income from raw materials they sold to Northern manufacturers. This affected the Southern states economy and made many politicians angry, including Calhoun, the vice president and a politician from South Carolina. Later he wrote a nullification doctrine to express his opinions on the tariff. The nullification crisis greatly affected the growth of states’ rights over federal power. Because of the nullification crisis in South Carolina there were even thoughts of secession in the early 1830’s.

Slavery was something that became interwoven into the South’s economy considering it was a one crop economy that depended on cotton. Therefore it depended on slaves, even if only a fraction of the population actually owned slaves. Meanwhile, the northern economy was more focused on industry rather than agriculture. Their industries would purchase raw cotton and turn it into a finished good. The North and South therefore also had major differences in their economic attitudes. The dispute over slavery and the future of it led to secession, which brought a war where the Northern and Western states fought to preserve the Union and the Southern territories fought to establish their independence as a new confederation under a constitution of its own.