Decision Making- a Primary Task of the Manager

Decision making is about exercising the right to choose through the act of making up your mind and that act requires courage, entails responsibility and involves calculated risk.

Evaluate the suggested solutions. Consider each solution in terms of its potential for success and failure. Narrow down your option to 2 or 3. Be sure to consider solutions for their possible downside. Type each potential solution here. (2

There are many research methods in today's society. However, the experimental method is the methods that has my interest. Experiments are the formal tests of specific variables and effects, performed in a setting where all aspects of the situation can be controlled. The reason why I chose this method is because unlike and other method one can physically test the experiment out and weigh the pros and cons.

The process of decision making can be easily understood as selecting one course of action over other courses actions available. There are also steps that are involved in making decisions. These steps include: (1) pinpointing the problem; (2) identifying the cause; (3) setting objectives; (4) formulating alternative courses of action; (5) evaluating alternatives against organizational objectives; (6) choosing the best course of action; and (7) implementing and evaluating the decision (Holzer and Schwester 2011). Now while these mentioned steps of making decisions seem extensive they are generally how decisions are made. Also in decision making there are numerous amounts of models that emerge and try to explain how all decisions in administrations are made. With decision making comes actors who implement and enforce the results of these decisions. With regards to the topic intended for this essay, the actor is the American administration and their implementation of policies regarding the recent outbreak of Ebola and how these administrators are enforcing policies with respect to the public. This paper specifically will revolve around Graham Allison’s three decision making models in his book Essence of Decision Making: Explaining Cuban Missile Crisis and the way his models analyze the decision making process. Allison’s three different models will give us different lenses to look at and analyze how the American administration is handling the Ebola situation here in the United

Generally, decision making is the cognitive process of selecting a course of action from among multiple options.

The rational decision-making model describes a series of steps that decision makers should consider if their goal is to maximize the quality of their outcome. In other words, if you want to make sure that you make the best choice, going through the formal steps of the rational decision-making model may make sense. The following are the steps taken to come to a rational decision: 1. Identify the problem, 2. Establish decision criteria, 3. Weigh decision criteria, 4. Generate alternatives, 5. Evaluate the alternative, 6. Choose the best alternative, 7. Implement the decision, 8. Evaluate the decision.

Then when you are uncertain you take a risk a lot of the time. But even though reasoning, and decision-making are separate processes they are very similar. The reason behind this is that to make a good decision you have to have reasoning behind why you picked that certain answer. For example if you had a problem, which would decide your housing situation, you have to see what were the best choices. So you see the pros and cons then with those you make your decision. Decisions are made after reasoning is given on why it’s a good or bad

Decision analysis is an appropriate method for this case study because the decision to be made is operations focused and not tactical, it is impartial rather than subjective, and it is repetitive rather than infrequent. Decision analysis looks to identify the most appropriate alternative outcomes and occurs at a give point in time in a process. Additionally, it takes the view point of the organization in decision making, opposed to an individual standpoint.

The MindTools Decision-Making assessment results: 59, decision-making process is OK. There is good understanding of the basics of decision-making, but there is a need for process improvement, increase ability to be more proactive, and development of a decision-making system that will work for a variety of situations. The quiz was based on six essential decision-making steps: establishing a positive decision-making environment, generating potential solutions, evaluating the solutions, deciding, checking the decision, and communicating and implementing. In order to develop and increase decision-making success, each step must be evaluated for specific areas to improve skills and knowledge.

Decision making is the process of making choices by setting goals, gathering information, and assessing alternative occupations.

Evaluate the possible solutions using a simple decision making technique to arrive at the best solution. Your evaluation should include human, material and financial resources.

As stated by Prasad (2008), the managers should identify the different choices available in order to get most acceptable outcome of a decision. From searching different alternatives the managers can evade blocks in operations as choices are suitable if a particular idea goes wrong. Khanka (2000) expresses the view that selections can developed from in many ways such as can get from sources like experience, do training other organizations, and take others ideas and suggestions related in problems. Furthermore to improve alternatives solution the managers may investigation the signs of a problem for clues or fall back on intuition or result that stated by Griffin and Moorhead (2010). For an example in marketing department a non-programmed decision is compulsory the manager have to produce alternatives for raise market share. As McShane and Von Glinow (2000) pointed out that in a programmed decision is a standard operations is not to generate choice but can take out from the documented that already saved. Next an organizer should search the mission of a decision. In other words they need to define what is to be accomplished by it (Quick & Nelson, 2013). The decision criteria are important as mentioned by Dubrin (2002). The several criteria are consumers must aware of varies in quality of products, there not happen inflation, workers must consider the quality of improvements and lastly job satisfaction should not be reduce.

* It suggests how a rational individual makes optimal decisions in the presence of uncertainty.

Decision making can be described as a process of making a decision or decisions, based on choices made amongst two or more competing course of actions. The ‘Decision making’ also requires making a define choice between two or more alternatives course of actions that are available.

Decision-making is very vital in the study of administration. Decision-making is the act of deciding the best choice or alternative that brings success or advantage to a situation that will ensure maximum benefits and least risk. Probability can be applied to decision-making in public administration because it is possible to estimate the probability of occurrence of specific events. A part of decision-making in relationship to public administration has to do with goals. The probability of you meeting those goals depends on decision-making. For example a restaurant owner has received more revenue on Thursdays than on any other day And less Revenue on Saturdays than any other day. The owner has looked at everything that could have influenced his sales. The owner realized that the only things that were different on Thursdays than any other day was the chief special and the drink special. According to the receipts of the last four Thursdays the probability that a customer orders a drink special is 60%. The probability that a customer orders the chief special is 50%. The probability of them ordering both is 42%. This shows the restaurant owner that Thursdays drink special should be considered on both Thursdays and Saturdays.