Decline In COPD

The study began with 32 patients having stages II to IV COPD. They had to meet the criteria pertaining to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; total lung capacity >120%, (FEV1/FVC) <70%, FEV1 <80%, RV/TLC >140% and >40% of predicted values in stable conditions. Patients were removed from the study if they had asthma, heart failure, orthopedic impairments of the shoulder girdle, recent surgery, past thoracic fractures, pneumothorax, and claustrophobia.

A. has a history of smoking for 50 years and being diagnosed with COPD 2 years ago. Development of COPD and its exacerbations may be a leading caused by bacteria, viruses, or environmental pollutants, including cigarette smoke. Coussa, et al, “Expiratory flow limitation (EFL), as a consequence of airway inflammation is the pathophysiological hallmark of COPD.” Exacerbations fundamentally reflect acute worsening of EFL and there is evidence for both increased airway inflammatory activity and worsening airway obstruction as likely explanations.

Quitting cigarette smoking: The most effective and important treatment for COPD is to quit cigarette smoking. Patients who continue to smoke will have rapid deterioration in lung function in comparison to those who quit. The aging process itself can cause a very slow decline in lung function. Cigarette smoking can result in a

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease better known as COPD is a term used to describe progressive lung diseases which includes the following: emphysema, chronic bronchitis, refractory (non-reversible) asthma, and some forms of bronchiectasis. Mainly caused from toxins in cigarette smoke. Other causes being air pollutants, chemicals fumes, and dust from work environments. COPD is the fourth most common cause of death in the United States. COPD has four stages of progression with no viable cure. The only relief persons who suffer from this condition is treatments to help manage the disease. Treatments used are determined by what stage you are in the progression of the disease.

We conducted a 12 month randomized prospective case-control study on patients diagnosed with acute COPD exacerbation from December 2016 to November 2017. The case cohort was administered a Discharge Checklist at the time of hospital discharge while the patients in the control group underwent usual discharge care. The Discharge Checklist included identification of factors such as non-compliance, inappropriate oxygen use, inappropriate inhaler technique and lack of follow up. In addition, we measured the Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF) and adjusted the home inhalers based on the PIF. The electronic health record was used to look for evidence of readmissions. The primary outcome measured was the 30-day readmission rates of the cases compared to

COPD is an abbreviated term for the lung disease Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and it is seen in people everyday. It is estimated that this disease affects roughly 24 million individuals in the U.S.. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease occurs in other countries instead of just the United States. It is increasing rapidly and therapies currently do not alter the disease (Gross “Abstract”). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease can be caused by smoking, environmental factors and or genetic factors, which are the top three risk factors for this disease (COPD Foundation). Although it can be genetic, it is mostly caused by inhaling pollutants.This disease may be slightly treated if not all the way by different breathing techniques and medications. COPD is a lung disease that worsens as it progresses to the point that it may be life threatening, but it can be prevented by staying away or using caution around pollutants such as harsh fumes and cigarette smoke.

Smoking is a major contributor to the development of COPD, with approximately 90 percent of the people suffering with COPD are current or previous smokers.

A majority of the people whom are diagnosed with COPD are current smokers or were former smoker for many years. Not only does cigarette smoke cause COPD, but so does cigar smoke, pipe smoke, and secondhand smoke. According to Healthline, “among smokers, 20 to 30 percent develop COPD” (Pietrangelo). Generally, people who develop COPD are either in their 40s or 50s. According to World Health Organization (WHO), “the disease now affects men and women almost equally, due in part to increased tobacco use among women in high-income countries” (World Health Organization). COPD can have quite minor symptoms to begin with, and most of the time people can mistake the symptoms for the common cold. Some of the symptoms of COPD include, “occasional shortness of breath, especially after exercise, mild but recurrent cough, needing to clear your throat often, especially first thing in the morning” (Pietrangelo). Some people may also experience wheezing, coughing, chronic coughing with mucus, fatigue, swelling of feet or ankles, and also weight loss. These symptoms can be common amongst a lot of diseases, and people who currently smoke regularly are at higher

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, also known as COPD, is defined as a progressive, chronic lung disease that makes it difficult to breathe by limiting airflow and it is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airway and shortness of breath and wheezing. BOOK/FAM PRAC “Progressive” means that the disease gets worse over time. “COPD is one of the important diseases that lead to restrictions, disability, and an increase in mortality rates among elder population” [4,5].TURK STUDY QUOTE The primary cause of death among COPD individuals is cardiovascular disease. PLOS More people (37%) die due to coronary heart disease or heart failure than those (34%) who die from COPD alone. #2 PLOS

Wheeze (as I will call him to protect his identity) entered the emergency department for the fourth time since September 2014, claiming excessive shortness of breath. He was a three pack a day smokers for 30 years who quit in 2010. The patient stated he had gotten progressively short of breath possibly due to the heat. Because he was short of breath, he increased his oxygen flow rate to 5 L/min. This caused his oxygen concentrator to work harder and heated up his bedroom, which made the situation worse. Mr. Wheeze was sent home his last discharge on oxygen at a flow rate of 3 L/min and had previously been diagnosed with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous group of slowly progressive diseases characterized by airflow obstruction that interferes with normal breathing. In 2005, approximately one in 20 deaths in the United States had COPD as the underlying cause. Smoking is estimated to be responsible for at least 75% of COPD deaths. Excess health-care expenditures are estimated at nearly $6,000 annually for every COPD patient in the United States. (Deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2008) For this case study I will concentrate on Mr. Wheeze’s progression during his most recent

According to the Australian Nurses’ Dictionary (King, J, et.al, 2012) COPD is defined as “A combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema in which there is disruption of air flow into or out of the lungs. Dyspnoea, wheezing and cough predominate, often made worse by any exertion or pollution in any environment. Patients may be severely disabled and require oxygen for long periods of time.” The most common cause of COPD is chronic cigarette smoking, although only 25% of smokers will develop COPD of a moderate severity. Others may develop COPD as a result of a normal decline in lung function as age progresses, these patients may suffer airflow obstruction without abnormal inflammatory changes. The airflow limitation results in three different pathological mechanisms: thickening of small airways, emphysema and luminal obstruction with mucus and plasma exudate.

Background COPD is a devastating chronic disease for those that are affected by it. Primarily comprised of chronic

COPD patients experience shortness of breath and suffer from tightness in their chest, which leads to wheezing and laboured breathing. Damage to the lung parenchyma and recoiling mechanisms causes poor oxygenation of blood and accumulation of carbon dioxide (GOLD, 2006). COPD is characterized by persistent cough, sputum production due to excess mucus secretion by damaged airways and impaired ciliary mucus clearance. Expectoration of

The baseline characteristics used in this trial for the participants were men and women aged ≥40 with moderate to severe COPD (stage II or stage III), who were current or ex-smokers that had or have been smoking for 10 years or more. 980 participants were

The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)indevelopedcountriesisprogressively increasing, because of the process of aging of populations (1). Chronic comorbidities often coexist in the elderly population, affecting functionality and thus influencing patient’s outcome (2).Acute exacerbations