Deep Structure In The Brain

23.The part of the limbic system located in the center of the brain, this structure relays sensory information from the lower part of the brain to the proper areas of the cortex and PROCESSES some sensory information before sending it to its proper area and is called the thalamus.

The first layer of the brain is the cortex which covers the top and sides of the brain. This area controls reasoning and language, and this area will be less active when under sedative drugs. The basal ganglia are located underneath the cortex and it is made up of by the striatum. The striatum controls muscle tone and is part of the dopamine pathway which is a potential transport highway for psychoactive drugs. The hypothalamus is at the base of the brain and serves as liaison between the brain and pituitary gland.

The brain stem or the medulla is the closest to the spinal cord. The brainstem is responsible for most of the human bodily functions. The brain stem is critical for human survival and normal human functions. The brain stem is also responsible for information of pain and touch from the head and neck; it is also responsible for the inputs from the face and the mouth. Reticular formation is a group of neurons, nuclei, that are important for sleep and wakefulness. In reticular formation there is nuclei that are a major source of neurotransmitter serotonin. Serotonin is important for regulating mood and activities.

The six primary structures of the brain are the Brain Stem, the Cerebellum, the Occipital Lobe, the Temporal Lobe, the Parietal Lobe, and the Frontal Lobe. The Brain Stem is underneath the limbic system. It is responsible for the basic functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure. The Cerebellum is behind the spinal cord. Its function is coordination for movement, posture, and balance. The Occipital Lobe is at the backside of the brain. Its function is processing visual information, such as color, shape and motion. The Temporal Lobe is over the ears and its function involves hearing, language processing and memory. The Parietal Lobe is at the

“It plays such a vital role in human life that many consider it the essence of life.”(Huffman 70) It contains the frontal lobes, parietal lobes, the occipital lobes and temporal lobes. The Frontal lobes receive signals from the other lobes such as motor control, speech production and other higher functions. The parietal lobes Receive signals for bodily sensations and interpret them. The occipital lobes are responsible for vision. The temporal lobes are responsible for hearing, language, memory and some emotion. All of these parts of the brain conduct essential bodily functions and need to be functioning properly like a

The cerebral cortex is the largest outer most part of the brain. It consist of tissue known as gray matter which is made of neuronal bodies. The optimal function of the cerebral cortex is vitally important. All information necessary to sustain life is stored and processed in the cerebral cortex. The tissue are divided into the left and right sides which are joined together by the corpus callosum. The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes, the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobe. Each area carrying its own set of functions and responsibilities. These four lobes together make up the primary somatosensory area of the brain which controls the five sensory systems in the brain taste, olfaction, touch, hearing and vision. These systems receive sensory information from the thalamic nerve projections. The primary motor area of the brain consist of a much smaller area located within

The brain plays the most important role in assisting to achieve and complete these cognitive functions. Several structures compose the brain, and many have a key role in the completion of cognitive functionality. The

The structural brain development of infants has been a significant topic among researchers. Further insight is given to infants who are born premature to investigate if there are structural differences. Many studies specifically look into infants who were born with a small gestational age, average gestational age, and low birth weight. The volume of the brain and its structures of both premature infants and infants with a small gestational age were compared by Xydis et al. (2012). Similarly, Brunnemann et al. (2013) studied the relationship between episodic memory and hippocampal volume. Other studies compare the neural activity and brain structure. Such as the neural activity represented to the white matter structure of the brain correlated

The thalamus is similar to a doctor that diagnoses, or identifies, a patient's disease or sickness. It diagnoses different sensory information that is being transmitted to the brain including auditory (relating to hearing or sound), visual, tactile (relating to touch), and gustatory (relating to taste) signals. After that, it directs the sensory information to the different parts and lobes of the cortex. If this part of the brain is damaged, all sensory information would not be processed and sensory confusion would result.

The thalamus is made up of bilateral egg-shaped nuclei, that in turn form the superolateral walls of the third ventricle; this makes up 80% of the diencephalon. The thalamus is thought of as a kind of hub of information, as it acts as a relay between the cerebral cortex and the different subcortical areas. The function of the thalamus is to input information from the anterior nuclei to the cerebral cortex that help to regulate the visceral and emotional function from the hypothalamus, to pass of instructions from the cerebellum

The thalamus relays the signals to the sensory cortex too, for interpretation. The sensory cortex determines that there is more than one possible interpretation of the data sends it to the hippocampus to establish context. The hippocampus considers

In order to better understand the neurological complexity of the human brain, it is reasonable to first compare it to a similar organ, and according to Professor David Anderson, that is a fruit fly 's brain. As a neurological researcher at the Caltech David Anderson Lab, Professor Anderson claims that the human brain is much more complex than thought, but with the help of fruit fly experimentation, understanding the human brain is made simple. As guest speaker at the TED Conference, Anderson informs his audience of a common misconception with the human brain, a misconception he intends to disprove by using evidence from his fruit fly experimentations.

The brain has the capacity to observe, feel, understand, and remember information. The brain develops from the neural tube and has three main components: cerebellum, cerebrum, and the brain stem. Each components is composed of the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. Inside of each one is a cortex, white matter, and basal nuclei. Cerebral cortex is called a gray matter which is outside of the cerebrum. Cerebellum is near the base of the head. Brain stem connects to the spinal cord the mesencephalon which is the medulla-oblongata that contains midbrain, pons, and cerebellum.

Translated from Greek thalamus means “chamber” and is a midline symmetrical structure of two halves, with the vertebrate brain, situated between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. The functions of the thalamus is to relay the sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and the midbrain, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness. The thalamus is located in the forebrain superior to the midbrain, near the center of the brain, with nerve fibers projecting into the cerebral cortex in all directions of the brain. The surface of the thalamus constitutes the upper part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle, and is connected to the corresponding surface of the opposite thalamus by a flattened gray band, the interthalamic

You live and you learn, from the moment that we breathe our first breath, we are assimilating and are acquiring information. Life changing and profound learning experiences happen before we can even speak, as children our learning process is grandiose. Harvard University published a series of summaries on Child development. One of these articles mentions that “The basic architecture of the brain is constructed through an ongoing process that begins before birth and continues into adulthood.” ("InBrief: The Science of Early Childhood Development," n.d.).