Defining Financial Terms and Role in Finance Essay

Introduction to the Financial System Financial Instruments Financial instruments can be: • Equity This is usually through the selling of common shares and/or common stock. It gives the buyer some ownership of the firm and thus, voting power when it comes to electing the board of directors. Debt This is money that is borrowed from someone else. Debt must be repaid at set intervals. Debt can be divided into short and long-term debt. This should follow the matching principle where short-term assets should be funded with short-term debt.

Finally, in order to complete a more accurate comparison between the two projects, we utilized the EANPV as the deciding factor. Under current accepted financial practice, NPV is generally considered the most accurate method of predicting the performance of a potential project. The duration of the projects is different, one lasts four years and one lasts six years. To account for the variation in time frames for the projects and to further refine our selection we calculated the EANPV to compare performance on a yearly basis.

The lower the risk that is associated with an investment, that investment usually has a potential for lower returns. Conversely, if there are high levels of risk associated with an investment, and in turn a potential for a higher return.

-Martin Industries just paid an annual dividend of $1.30 a share. The market price of the stock is $36.80 and the growth rate is 6.0 percent. What is the firm's cost of equity?

Life insurance is meant to provide funds to replace a breadwinner's to protect and support dependents. Chad and Haley are dependents, not income providers. Therefore, the purchase of life insurance is unnecessary and not recommended. The Dumonts should use the money they would spend on policies for the children to increase their own coverage.

An individual stock's diversifiable risk, which is measured by the stock's beta, can be lowered by adding more stocks to the portfolio in which the stock is held.

In words Newark General Hospital had no affect of volume to the costs of the Hospital, so, there was no change in the volume, which leaded to higher cost.

Financial services are the economic services provided by the finance industry, which encompasses a broad range of businesses that manage money.

They have a very good balance between their debt financing and the assets they have on hand (dollartree.com, 2013). With a debt/equity ratio of 65.10% in 2013, this puts them in a good position for using the free cash flow they have to research and see what areas they could make improvements in. It seems that the most significant assets that Dollar Tree has is in their inventories. This is the largest part of their assets. They also have some intangible assets that account for about 35% of their total assets. The liabilities that Dollar Tree has are in the form of accounts payable. They do not have very much long term debt. Their long term debt accounts for less than 10% of the total liabilities.

________ risk involves variation in returns due to the ups and downs of the economy, the industry and the firm.

Defined by Coopers textbook, risk is the exposure to the consequences of uncertainty and has two elements: the likelihood of something happening that has an impact on the project objectives, and the positive or negative consequences of something impacting the project objectives (Cooper, Grey, Raymond, & Walker, 2005)

We are providing below the assumptions and other calculations we used while computing the WACC and the cash flows.

Founders’ termination term is very important for Laracey because it increases the possibility that the unvested equity of the founders could be accelerated when the incoming CEO terminates them. It directly protects the benefits of the founders.

Financial Management is a critical aspect of any business in order to achieve a sustainable and efficient cash flow. It is essential in maintaining the link between a business’s future financial goals (profit maximization) and the resources that it has in order to achieve its objectives. Businesses demand certain common goals that increase a bussiness's all around achievement, Some of which involve; growth amongst assests, An increase in efficiency in all areas of the business whether it be management or not. And the ability to meet short term and long term debts. Finacial management undertakes the responsibility to implement and acheive these goals for the business using a range of strategies shaped to meet the needs of the business and

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