Topic 6: Defining the Organization’s strategic Direction Definitions: 1. Oligopolistic industries – highly consolidated industries with a few large competitors 2. Exit barriers – costs or other commitments that make it difficult for firms to abandon an industry (large fixed-asset investments, emotional commitment to the industry, etc.) 3. Entry barriers – conditions that make it difficult or expensive for new firms to enter an industry (government regulations, start-up costs, etc.) 4. Switching costs – factors that make it difficult or expensive to change suppliers or buyers, such as investments in specialized assets to work with a particular supplier or buyer. 5. Complements – products or services that enhance he usefulness or desirability of other products. 6. Substitutes – products or services that are not considered as competitors, but fulfill a strategically equivalent role for the customer. 7. Stake holder – any entity that has an interest (state) in the organization 8. Tacit Resources – resources of an intangible nature (such as knowledge) that cannot ne readily confided. 9. Socially complex resources – resources or activities that emerge through the interaction of multiple individuals. 10. Casual ambiguity – the relationship between a resource and the outcome it produces is poorly understood (the casual mechanism is ambiguous) 11. Dynamic capabilities – A set of abilities that make a firm more agile and responsive to change. Key Points: 1. Assessing the
Other areas that affect new entry into a market include capital requirements, economies of scale, and brand identity. All of these factors have been discussed to some degree under other
The barriers a Business must deal with, such as competitors, substitutes, customers, supplier, etc are often referred to as:
Both potential and existing competitors influence average industry profitability. The threat of new entrants is usually based on the market entry barriers. They can take diverse forms and are used to prevent an influx of firms into an industry whenever profits, adjusted for the cost of capital, rise above zero. In contrast, entry barriers exist whenever it is difficult or not economically feasible for an outsider to replicate the incumbents’ position (Porter, 1980b; Sanderson, 1998) The most common forms of entry barriers, except intrinsic physical or legal obstacles, are as follows:
Threat of New Entrants - The easier it is for new companies to enter the industry, the more cutthroat competition there will be. Factors that can limit the threat of new entrants are known as barriers to entry. Some examples include:
2. Capabilities - can be defined as 1) organizational capabilities – the network of organizational routines and processes that determine how efficiently and effectively the organization transforms its inputs (resources) into outputs (products including physical goods and services) and 2) dynamic capabilities – an organizations ability to build, integrate and reconfigure capabilities to address rapidly changing environments.
„« Barriers to entry are typically high, it requires a very large amount of money and expertise to enter the industry. The industry is consolidating not growing.
Potential for new entrants - The primary prevention to entrance are higher barriers within industry with the threats of new entrants as competitors (Porter, 1998).
When companies make it difficult or expensive for customers to change to another product this is an example of establishing high ___ costs to gain a competitive advantage
Capabilities refer to a firm’s skill in using its resources to create goods and services. During the 1970s and 1980s, Westlake lanes hosted a steady stream of family bowlers and birthday parties. Mr. Sugar also cultivated popular bowling leagues, 32 weeks in duration, for his Raleigh friends and neighbours. However, the capabilities of Westlake lanes can be described as a commodity that can be readily found.
Strategic Planning is one of the most fundamental factors in the success of an organization. This research project will discuss the importance of strategic planning as well as the different components of strategic planning. Many organizations fail to accomplish their goals and tasks due to the lacking of strategic planning. In order for their businesses to be successful, organizations need to be well informed about how the strategic planning process works.
There are a variety of barriers that an organization may face when entering into a particular market space. In the case of FireEye, the barriers they faced in the cyber security domain were incumbents in the market, like customers exhibiting cost sensitivity in switching from their existing service.
High exit barriers: High exiting barriers in the car industry place a high cost of abandoning products, hence firms compete intensely not to loose out, like Mitsubishi.
The marketplace has been dynamic and competition between companies in the same industry has been increasingly intense (Ranchhod, 2004). Having dynamic capabilities contributes to a company’s “long-term survival or competitive advantage” (Johnson et al., 2008: 84). This is especially essential
The threat of substitutes: where it refers to substitute product as those that are available in other industry which can also fulfil the need and want of the consumers. It can affect competition in an industry by placing an invisible ceiling on prices which companies within the industry can charge, due to the fact that if the cost of substitute is low then the consumers will tend to purchase substitutes, therefore limiting the prices that a company can place on certain items to gain maximum profit. For example, lemonade can be substituted for a soft drink. Generally, competitive pressures arising from substitute products increase as the relative price of substitute products declines and as consumer 's switching costs decrease.
What are the substitutes of products in this industry? How are these substitutes managed by different firms?