Module 14 Demand-side management sustainable energy regulation and policymaking for africa MODULE 14: DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT page iii CONTENTS 1. MODULE OBJECTIVES 14.1 1.1. Module overview 14.1 1.2. Module aims 14.1 1.3. Module learning outcomes 14.2 2. INTRODUCTION 14.3 3. WHY PROMOTE DSM? 14.5 4. WHAT DRIVES DSM? 14.7 4.1. Cost reduction and environmental motives 14.8 4.2. Reliability and network motives 14.10 5. TYPES OF DSM MEASURES 14.13 5.1. Energy reduction programmes 14.13 5.2. Load management programmes 14.31 5.3. Load growth and conservation programmes 14.34 6. INFORMATION DISSEMINATION ON DSM 14.37 7. CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING DSM PROGRAMMES 14.39 8. CONCLUSION 14.41 LEARNING RESOURCES 14.43 Key points …show more content…
Finally, DSM has a major role to play in deferring high investments in generation, transmission and distribution networks. Thus DSM applied to electricity systems provides significant economic, reliability and environmental benefits. When DSM is applied to the consumption of energy in general—not just electricity but fuels of all types—it can also bring significant cost benefits to energy users (and corresponding reductions in emissions). Opportunities for reducing energy demand are numerous in all sectors and many are low-cost, or even nocost, items that most enterprises or individuals could adopt in the short term, if good energy management is practised. This module examines the types of DSM measures that can reduce energy demand for the end-user, that can manage and control loads from the utility side, and that can convert unsustainable energy practices into more efficient and sustainable energy use. The module includes a review of housekeeping and preventative maintenance, two of the simplest and most effective ways of reducing demand, and discusses marketing of DSM programmes. Some of the challenges that face the implementation of DSM programmes are also examined. 1.2. Module aims The aims of the module are: _ To introduce the concept of demand-side management for residential, commercial
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) had a disproportionate access to electricity compared to all the other developing regions for the period 2000-12, ranging between 26-35% in its urban areas and 10-15% in its rural areas were about 70% of its population dwell. This scenario may look alarming but it presents SSA a springboard to leapfrog to renewable energy sources hence also reducing the carbon footprint. However, in order for the transition from energy poverty to energy sustenance to occur, multiple interventions need to take place. This study had answered the following fundamental questions 1) What was the generation capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2000-12 compared to the other developing regions of the world? 2) What were the major sources of energy generated and the cost of generation? 3) What were the challenges that the energy sector in SSA face and what were the possible solutions for these challenges? 4) What were the major emissions produced by SSA and how can these emissions reduce to reverse the adverse effects of climate change in SSA and the world? This study has put forward possible strategies that will need a coordinated effort by SSA policy
Efforts to remain on the carbon agenda and fight against climate change have been challenged by various issues plaguing today’s global energy market. Issues such as demand
In the last year in U.K. there have being a fierce pressure to apply a wide-ranging price cap on energy bills, which will be analysed
According to the case study written by Jurek, Bras, Guldberg, D’Arcy, Oh, and Biller, energy costs were steadily rising and were predicted to continue this trend going into the future. At the same time, utility companies were beginning to implement Smart Grid technologies to increase the efficiency of energy distribution. One resulting program to emerge from
Electricity prices in Ontario have soared in the past decade. Since 2006, the top rate for power has risen four times as fast as inflation (Morrow and Cardoso, 2017). Canadian’s electricity consumption per capita is high compared most of the world, the price has not stopped. Torontonian has haunted by this skyrocketed cost. Canada is a cold country, so they need heating systems. Also, Toronto is a big city so that there are high population density. Thus, not every Torontonians’ houses or condominiums have enough space to hung up their cloths, so they need to dry their cloths by dryers. However, it seems like that the residents can not solve the problem. Although Torontonians try to reduce their consumption of power, the price is
According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration’s International Energy Outlook (IEO) 2011 Reference case (EIA, 2011), the world’s total energy consumption is projected to increase by 53 percent from 2008 to 2030. In recent years, energy security is becoming a major concern in many jurisdictions with the increasing energy demand, rising
Advancement in technology has greatly improved the efficiency and functionally of modern communities. With these improvements and additions came a higher demand for utilities. In 2015 the United States alone consumed 3848 TWh of electricity. Many have come to the realization that we cannot continue to deplete our natural resources in the same speed and fashion. This has led to improvements in energy efficiency as well as developments in renewable energy and green systems.
“South Africa has a high projected future demand for electricity” (Banks & Schäffler, 2006). As such, there is a revised focus on renewable energy to meet part of this projected demand. Besides the projected increase in demand, renewable energy sources should be considered to reduce reliance on fossil fuels to produce electricity.
This essay will highlight some of the issues related to the energy crises and discuss potential solutions that form part of an integrated energy management system. The purpose of the integrated management system would be to ensure that there is a combination of technologies that is customised to the receiving environment, which will ensure that there is “sustainable energy development” (Botkin & Keller, 2012).
During the time of the project, Energy costs are steadily rising and were predicted to continue this trend going into the future. At the same time, utility companies were beginning to implement Smart Grid technologies to increase the efficiency of energy distribution. One resulting program to emerge from these new technologies was Demand and Response contracting. (Emblemsvåg and Bras, 2000). This program allowed customers to obtain a discount on their utility costs in return for reducing their energy usage during specified times. If a company is able to understand their processes well enough to change and meet the energy levels
According to the case study written by Jurek, Bras, Guldberg, D’Arcy, Oh, and Biller, energy costs were steadily rising and were predicted to continue this trend going into the future. At the same time, utility companies were beginning to implement Smart Grid technologies to increase the efficiency of energy distribution. One resulting program to emerge from these new technologies was Demand and Response contracting. (Jurek, Bras, Guldberg, D’Arcy, Oh, Biller 2000). This program allowed customers to obtain a discount on their
Deeply concerned about the lack of universal access to energy in many developing countries, specifically in rural areas,
Access to quality and reliable electricity at reliable rates and minimum lifeline consumption of 1unit/household/day by year 2012.
Energy is one of the world’s greatest inventions of all time. We use energy on a daily basis for just about everything. Our way of life is based upon energy and how we use it. We use large amounts of energy for transportation and electricity. Due to the limited supply of resources available to us we need to make sure that we conserve them wisely so that these resources will be around for future generations. It is imperative that consumer start to take responsibility for their actions. There are two ways to conserve energy; one is by using energy efficient technologies and the other is by changing our habits. Individual efforts combined with governmental support will assist in decreasing energy usage which will in turn create a
There are many ways to conserve energy. One would be redevelopment in urban or suburban settings. This could bring down the energy costs by changing