Demands During World War 1

Much like in Japan when Matthew Perry of the United States came in and insisted in having Japan open up its ports to diplomatic and commercial relations with the US, and since the shogun felt he had no other option, he complied with Perry’s order. As the westerners had their way with both east Asian nations, the threat of western industrialization became a reality, and due to the amount of hunger and economic depression in their societies, their people began to crave industrialization seeing the amount of success in the western societies that were industrialized. There began to be an increased amount of rebellion, and a fight for change in these two nations, but the results that came from these rebellions and the main argument for these rebellions differed.

Even though they started as allies they both wanted different things and never had an agreement. The one thing that they both wanted was control and dominance in the Pacific. Japan was thirsty for power after the First World War. If they had power in the Pacific they would have ownership of raw materials, which means they would not have to pay anything to have access to them. The Japanese were determined to make this an accomplished goal. The beginning of Japans and Chinas problems can be traced back to the invasion of Manchuria. In 1931the Japanese invaded Manchuria which part of China and renamed it Manchukuo. This was the start of it all and the reason for the Sino-Japanese War. The Sino-Japanese was lasted until the end of the Second World War (Iriye 4). When China made the decision to take on Japan, other countries got involved, the United States being one of them, who took the Chinese side under Chiang Kai-shek. The Japanese had a slogan: “the Great East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere” which frightened the United States (Iriye 7). Just because the U.S. was known to be the

In fear, Hay announced that an agreement had been reached without the voices of Japan and Russia. On the surface, it looked like that the United States was in an advantage, but it was quite opposite. The United States had no sphere of influence with China, but we did have a long maintained trade with China. If other nations partition with China the U.S. would likely be ruled out of future commercial activates with China. This was part of Hay's plan, to protect the prospects of America and its businessmen and investors.

During the Imperial Conference of December 1, 1941, Prime Minister Tojo announced that “The United States not only refused to make even one concession” but that “At the same time, the United States, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and China increased their economic and military pressure against us” (87). This gave Japan no choice but to begin a war with the U.S., Japan, and the Netherlands. Additionally, Foreign Minister Togo emphasized that Japan could not accept the proposal made by the U.S. because the conditions would hinder and put at risk the success of the Japanese Empire. In order for Japan to not only continue working towards establishing a New Order for East Asia, but to also maintain their position on an international level, war was the necessary step to take because if they continued to try to negotiate then they would most definitely have regressed.

The Five-Power Treaty was an agreement between the United States, Britain, and Japan to reduce the amount of war ships that the nations held, with the ratio of ships between the nations being 5:5:3. There were more details in the treaty, but this was one of the largest parts. Japan was offended by this treaty at first, due to them only being allowed to have three ships for every five that one of the other nations held, however, several compromises had been made to persuade the Japanese to agree to such a deal, including promises from Britain and the United States to not fortify their land holdings in the pacific.

As early as 1932, the United States began warning Japan about its aggression toward China (Doc. A). The U.S. claimed they would not recognize new territories because it violated the Kellogg Briand Pact that made war illegal. They also chose to not recognize new treaties as the open door policy with China was violated. FDR would later deliver his famous “Quarantine Speech” regarding the Japanese invasion of China in which he encouraged the peace-loving nations to take action against military expansionism (Doc. 1).

Woodrow Wilson won the election and made a promise to the public not to get involved in the Western Hemisphere. The economic interests, German submarine warfare, and other events gradually pushed the U.S into the world war I. In 1971, the united states declared war on Germany. To enter the war the United States acquired unity of the nation, more army force, and financial support from its people. The U.S needed to accomplish these three needs before going into the war to come out as a winner. Therefore, The committee of Public Information was created to get the support the war needed from the people of the United States.

As written in the book The Boxer Rebellion and the Great Game in China by David J. Silbey, the author gives an account of the Boxer Rebellion. David J. Silbey, the author gives an account using allied soldier and diplomat’s letters and diaries of the Boxer Rebellion. The Boxer Rebellion is an anti-foreigner movement in China during 1900. The conclusion of this rebellion lead to China having signed the Boxer Protocol in September 1901(Page 225). This treaty entailed the Chinese paying reparations to the United States, Russia, Britain, Germany, France, Japan, Italy, and Austria-Hungary.

After the fall of the Qing dynasty military leaders "warlords" stepped up. They controlled different regions of the country and competed for domination. The terms of the Versailles Peace Treaty at the end of WWI, enraged the Chinese by recognizing Japanese claims of former German rights. This led to the "May 4th Movement" to reform Chinese culture throughout the adoption of Western Science and Democracy. However, the Confucian system was discredited and rejected by those who felt it did not provide China with the strength it needed to meet the challenges of the

The United States relationship with Japan was already tense; Japan’s attitude towards China was extremely hostile and aggressive. The United States and China had been allies, so they helped each other out. In 1937, Japan declared war China. In response, the United States cut of Japan’s oil supply and other goods. Without

Before the attack, there were many injustice actions. The tension had already started way before this event. The dispute between two countries could be traced back all the way to 1915. When Japan issued the “Twenty-One Demands” on China, it “represented ultimatum to the Chinese government”. They were forced to give Japan a privileged status in some parts of China, also known as the “sphere of influence”. China was divided and conquered by Japan. This became a conflict with the “Open Door” stated policy between the United States and China, “in which all countries were to respect Chinese sovereignty and enjoy equal across to Chinese trade.” Later on, Japan was in an economic crisis and captured the rich province in China. This action was the

ii. Japanese. The yellow peril that the Japanese presented was on two fronts: militarily and economically. Since Commodore Perry opened the borders of Japan with the help of his fleet, Japan had rapidly modernized. Japan was rapidly industrializing, all the while pushing poor farmers to the United States. In the 50 years since Japan ended isolationism, their military had become so efficient that they were capable of soundly defeating a European power (Russia). This victory lead Japan to desire to be treated as an equal to all other world powers. What eventually came out of this demand was the Gentleman’s Agreement of 1907, which stated that Japan will not allow new immigrants to come to America, but America will allow families

Before the attack, there were many injustice actions. The tension had already started way before this event. The dispute between two countries could be traced back all the way to 1915. When Japan issued the “Twenty-One Demands” on China, it “represented ultimatum to the Chinese government”. They were forced to give Japan a privileged status in some parts of China, also known as the “sphere of influence”. China was divided and conquered by Japan. This became a conflict with the “Open Door” stated policy between the United States and China, “in which all countries were to respect Chinese sovereignty and enjoy equal across to Chinese trade.” Later on, Japan was in an economic crisis and captured the rich province in China. This action was the culmination

Japan sent a force of one million men into China; attempting to take it over. The U.S. is going to stop sending Japan raw materials because of what Japan is doing. Japan is upset because the U.S. does not condone Japan’s actions and are not supporting them, nor giving them their necessities. Japan attempting to become a world power shows that many countries were trying to make it big during WWII, like Germany. These comments were made in a closed meeting of Japan’s top government and military leaders and the Emperor. According to Hideki Tojo, the prime minister and war minister of Japan, they need to take over other nations and become stronger. Furthermore, Tojo also states that the U.S. is preventing them from doing so by not giving them and oil, scrap, or scrap iron and that the United State’s fleet is increasing and getting stronger. Japan only had enough oil for two years, according to Tojo. Japan wanted to become a world power, but the United States was standing in their

As a result, China agreed to refrain from discriminating against any country seeking for trade and other business opportunities. The three treaties helped update the status quo of the Pacific Region without making major amends. The U.S. successfully secured the agreements and policies while limiting Japan’s expansion.