Dementia Neurological Disorder

Literature Review: The Effectiveness of the use of Sensory Therapy for Elderly Adults Diagnosed with Dementia.

Dementia is a term used to describe the symptoms of a number of illnesses which effect the function of the brain. It is an umbrella term describing the progressive decline in a person’s cognitive ability. The type and severity of symptoms varies with each type of dementia and is usually has a gradual onset, is progressive and irreversible. (1)

In a study that was done called aging, demographics and memory study (ADAMS) it was found that older African Americans are two times more likely than older whites to develop Alzheimer or any other dementia. Some of the reasons that have been discovered as to why older African Americans are more common to have Alzheimer’s is because they are found to have higher rates of high blood pressure, diabetes, along with other vascular diseases. Some other factors that can affect who may end up with Alzheimer’s are lower level of education, and socioeconomic characteristics which are found to be more common in African Americans. In the health and retirement study (HRS) 80% of African Americans were found to have high blood pressure. Other risks that have been found to have increased risk of Alzheimer’s are those with lower educations, low income being below $18,000 a year, and

Alzheimer's disease is considered one of the many forms of age-related dementia. Previously the neurological community frequently referred to

Dementia is not a specific brain disease, but it describes symptoms affecting memory, thinking, and social abilities. These symptoms interfere with the daily functioning of the patient

“Dementia is a chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by a brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning.” (Merriam-Webster Dictionary). A simpler way to define dementia is that it is a mental illness that causes someone to be unable to think clearly or to understand what is real and what is not real, the Merriam-Webster dictionary illustrates. Dementia is the leading illness to the common case of Alzheimer 's. Dementia is not a disease, it’s an overall term that describes a wide range of symptoms. “Dementia isn 't a specific disease. Instead, dementia describes a group of symptoms affecting memory, thinking and social abilities severely enough to interfere with daily functioning.” (Mayo Clinic Staff). Dementia can best be described as a decline in memory or other thinking skills severe enough to reduce a person’s ability to perform everyday activities. People with dementia often forget things,

Dementia is considering to be not having a single disease (“Dementia (AIHW)”, 2016). It is a term describing a syndrome or a group of symptoms that is related to 100 or more different disease that characterising the impairment of brain function, including communication, recollection, knowledge, character and cognitive abilities (“Dementia (AIHW)”, 2016).

Older people are said to be a vulnerable group in society and it is notable that those with dementia are at a significant increase torisk of abuse, (see Manthorpe, et al 2005). The author of this paper spent her placement in an adult social work team for a local authority, for people age 65 years and over. It soon became apparent that different types of dementia seemed to permeate the caseload. The cases were initially referred to social services due to challenges faced by a person to maintain daily

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines dementia as the following: “An umbrella term for a group of cognitive disorders typically characterized by memory impairment, as well as marked difficulty in the domains of language, motor activity object recognition, and disturbance of executive function - the ability to plan, organize, and abstract.”

Until the end of the 19th century, dementia was a much broader clinical concept. It included mental illness and any type of psychosocial incapacity, including conditions that could be reversed.[74] Dementia at this time simply referred to anyone who had lost the ability to reason, and was applied equally to psychosis of mental illness, "organic" diseases like syphilis that destroy the brain, and to the dementia associated with old age, which was attributed to "hardening of the arteries."

I had done some searching for a topic and found one on CNN news. I chose the topic: Dementia. The definition of dementia is; a chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning. It is not a specific disease because it varies a wide range of symptoms that deals with daily thinking or ability to do things with daily living. Alzheimer's is a part of dementia and accounts for 60 - 80 percent of cases. Vascular dementia is the second leading cause of dementia which occurs after a stroke. There are many other conditions of dementia which can be reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies. People with dementia have a

Dementia is a degenerative condition caused by brain damage or disease. It may cause a series of influences, such as memory loss, cognitive impairment, inability of communication, and so on. People with dementia probably change their character from they used to have, and even get symptoms of illusions. Depend on different circumstance and course of disease, there may be many kinds of care-related problems. This study develops a guidance platform for the non-professional caregivers based on text classification using text mining technique and Support Vector Machines. And aim to accurately classify the documents or articles which typed in unstructured format into six domains defined by Clinical Dementia Rating, including memory, orientation, judgment

Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the neurons within the brain, causing memory loss as well as language, and behavioral disturbances. An Alzheimer's brain contains Amyloid plaques that form toxic proteins which are called amyloid beta. The amyloid plaques start to spread throughout the brain causing tangles to form in the brain. The tangles are a form of twisted threads of protein. In compartment to a “normal” brain with an Alzheimer's brain, that Alzheimer's brain is remarkably smaller in size and contains fluid flied spaces.

Dementia is group of neuropathological disorders, and it is progressive and incurable disease. It is also most common in elderly people. Dementia is the loss of cognitive functioning—thinking, remembering, and reasoning—and behavioral abilities to such an extent that it interferes with a person’s daily life and activities. These functions include memory, language skills, visual perception, problem solving, self-management, and the ability to focus and pay attention. Some people with dementia cannot control their emotions, and their personalities may change. Dementia ranges in severity from the mildest stage, when it is just beginning to affect a person’s functioning, to the most severe stage, when the person must depend completely on others for basic activities of living. The most common types of dementia are Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia .

The cognitive decline into the brain disease, Alzheimer’s, is a pathway that still has unanswered questions as to how this condition develops. Alzheimer’s is a brain disease that causes mental deterioration, such as memory loss (there is substantial damage to the medial temporal lobe, the main area in the brain for memory), loss of reasoning, and loss of language. One of the first warning signs of Alzheimer’s is memory loss, but there have been studies showing that a condition called mild cognitive impairment (MCI) could be the precursor to Alzheimer’s disease (“Alzheimer’s Disease Fact Sheet”). Mild cognitive impairment is also defined as memory loss but in smaller proportions compared to Alzheimer’s. MCI is an intermediate between the normal