Dementia With Lewy Bodies ( Dlb )

Literature Review: The Effectiveness of the use of Sensory Therapy for Elderly Adults Diagnosed with Dementia.

Parkinson disease (PD) is one of the most common neurologic disorders. and it affects approximately 1% of individuals older than 60 years old. Parkinson’s disease is a condition that progresses slowly by treatment. In addition, loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the substantianigra pars compacta and the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewyneurites are the two major neuropathologic findings in Parkinson disease (Hauser, 2016).

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a form of dementia which shares characteristics with both Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. It accounts for around 10% of all cases of dementia in older people and tends to be under-diagnosed. 
Named after the doctor who first identified them in 1912, Lewy bodies are tiny, spherical protein deposits found in nerve cells. Their presence in the brain disrupts the brain’s normal functioning, interrupting the action of important chemical messengers. Lewy bodies are also found in the brains of people with Parkinson’s disease, a progressive neurological disease that affects movement. 
Dementia with Lewy bodies is

The person may become confused when handling money and undergo personality changes, appearing to no longer care about those around them. Swings are common and the person may become tearful for no apparent reason, or become convinced that someone is trying to harm them.In advanced cases people may also adopt unsettling behaviour like getting up in the middle of the night or wander off and become lost. Some people lose their inhibitions and sense of what is acceptable behaviour, undress in public or make inappropriate sexual advances. The person may become incontinent, have difficulty eating and drinking and may become completely dependent on others.2. Symptoms usually develop suddenly and progress in a step like way where a sudden worsening is followed by a period of stabilisation. Common symptoms include poor concentration and difficulties with communication. memory loss may also lead to confusion.As vascular dementia does not affect all of the brain, the individual may be able to retain more of their abilities and memory loss may not appear until later in the progression of the disease. This means that the individual may be more aware of their deteriorating health and may therefore be more at risk of depression.3. Dementia with Lewy Bodies is a

How to recognize it? Check out the patient’s history, risk factors and health conditions, perform lab test, complete blood cell count, blood chemistries, liver Function test and serologic test for TSH. Attain dementia assessment, Neuropsychiatric testing and the Mini Mental State Exam. Two different forms of secondary dementia are Parkinson Disease and Lewy Body Disease. Parkinson Disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movements and Lewy Body Disease, also known as dementia with Lewy bodies, is one of the most common causes of irreversible dementia in the elderly. Lewy body disease builds up in areas of the brain. The disease may cause a wide range of symptoms, including: changes in alertness and attention, hallucination, risk for falls and so

Alzheimer 's disease causes 50% to 60% of all cases of dementia (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke). In addition, researchers have found that two other nervous system conditions, Lewy body disease and Pick 's disease, which were originally incorrectly diagnosed as Alzheimer 's, are emerging as major causes of dementia (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke). Dementia is considered a late-life disease because it tends to develop mostly in elderly people; as many as half of all people over the age of eighty are suspected of suffering from Alzheimer 's disease (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke).

Lewy bodies, named after the doctor who first identified them in 1912, are tiny, spherical protein deposits found in nerve cells. Their presence in the brain disrupts the brain's normal functioning, interrupting the action of important chemical messengers, including acetylcholine and dopamine. Researchers have yet to understand fully why Lewy bodies occur in the brain and how they cause damage.

Lewy bodies develop gradually and gets more severe over the years, symptoms include memory loss, visual hallucinations, delusions, muscle stiffness. 3.3 Outline the risk factor's for the most common causes of dementia The risk factor's for Alzeheimers is age, family history and genes Vascular dementia is increasing age, history of heart attacks, strokes or mini strokes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure and diabetes Lewy bodies is advanced age, it appears to affect more men than women, having a family member who's had it and a unhealthy lifestyle 3.4 Identify prevalence rates for different types of dementia The established prevalence rates for different types of dementia are 40-64yrs 1 in 1400 65-69yrs 1 in 100 70-79yrs 1 in 25 80+ 1 in 6 4. Understand factors relating to an individuals experience of dementia 4.1 Describe how different individuals may experience living with dementia depending on age, type of dementia, and level of ability and disability Depending on the form of dementia people's ability and disability will be different. People with

36. _ Dementia__ is a general term used to describe a permanent or progressive organic mental disorder. A common form of this disorder seen in individuals older than 60 years of age is _Alzheimer's Disease_ disease.

Lewy body dementia, also known as dementia with Lewy bodies, is the second most common type of progressive dementia after Alzheimers disease dementia.

Parkinson disease (PD), also referred to as Parkinson’s disease and paralysis agitans, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the third most common neurologic disorder of older adults. It is a debilitating disease affecting motor ability and is characterized by four cardinal symptoms: tremor rigidity, bradykinesia or kinesis (slow movement/no movement), and postural instability. Most people have primary, or idiopathic, disease. A few patients have secondary parkinsonian symptoms from conditions such as brain tumors and certain anti-psychotic drugs.

Before my papou lost his ability to take care of himself , the early signs of my grandfather's condition were noticeable. He shuffled when he walked and his hands trembled. Then, after a couple months he couldn't remember names and faces. He needed help with everything from cleaning to eating by himself. Then we got the news that he had Lewy-Bodies, because before that we inferring that the shuffling was because of his knees and that he was older.” We have to straighten this out for Mom (Yiayia)” said my Theo.He is so severe that there were a scarce number of places that could help him.

"Even more troubling than the misdiagnoses is the fact that an estimated 1.4 million people are suffering from the disease and might not know it. DLB is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer's," says Pantelyat. "It is certainly not rare, it is the most common of the atypical Parkinson disorders that I deal with. That coupled with a lack of recognition adds up to a lot of patients who are not getting the appropriate care. Dr. Galvin adds that the general lack of awareness and standardized testing for the disease only complicates the issue. Even though the symptoms of LBD are present in the majority of patients, it is difficult to come up with a standardized way to assess each of the symptoms so that the average

From the analysis of each disease separately, it becomes obvious that he two diseases are not related but they do share some similarities. Specifically, both AD and PD are late-onset disorders and occur approximately after the age of 60. Furthermore, AD and PD are neurodegenerative, which means that the brain cells are damaged and thus this causes to their death. Also, both diseases are progressive. Additional, in both cases the neurodegeneration guides to dementia. AD causes two out of three dementia cases. PD can cause Lewy body dementia that its first characteristic is cognitive impairment, which may guide also to hallucinations (Presti et al, 2014). LBD because of DP is the smaller case of all dementia cases.

The trigger for Parkinson’s disease is that alpha synuclein reacts with dopamine resulting in blocking the recycling system. The protein gets jammed in the recycling centers called lysosomes and is unable to be broken down lead to onset of Parkinson’s symptoms. (3)