Democritus As The Father Of Modern Chemistry Essay Outline

he atom or Atomos, which means uncuttable or indivisible, took many years to get to our understanding now. Back then they didn’t have the technology that we have now like microscopes, to figure everything out. Some important people who helped were Greek philosopher Leucippus and his student Democritus. They were the first came up with the idea that matter is made up of of tiny particles. They thought that if you cut something in half a lot times, that you will eventually reach a particle that can't be cut anymore. The next big discovery in the atom didn’t come until hundreds of years later by James Dalton, who stated that atoms of different elements have different masses. Throughout Dalton's life as a chemist he had many theories of the

He is also best known for the theory that was created by himself. The theory of Democritus and Leucippus held that everything is composed of "atoms", which are physically, but not geometrically, indivisible; that between atoms, there lies empty space; that atoms are indestructible; have always been, and always will be, in motion; that there are an infinite number of atoms, and kinds of atoms, which differ in shape, and size. Of the mass of atoms, Democritus said "The more any indivisible exceeds, the heavier it is." But his exact position on weight of atoms is

1. Predict: Positively charged protons in the nucleus of an atom are attracted to negatively charged electrons.

3. Electrons are small and are negatively charged (-) with a mass of almost 0 amu..

J. J. Thomson presumed that the cathode rays which emanated from the negative electrode were a collection of particles possessing negative charges. If a negative electric potential were applied to the upper plate, and the lower plate was positive, then the cathode ray beam would curve downwards and the spot visible on the screen would also move downward. Thomson recorded this, and also noted that the spot neither spread significantly, nor faded. This demonstrated that Thompson’s conclusions were correct, and cathode rays comprise a beam of like "particles" with a negative charge.

The atomic model that was accepted by the scientific community before Rutherford's experiment consisted of a group of positive charge surrounded by electrons to balance the negative charge of the electrons. In Rutherford's experiment, he found that there was a center to atoms, later to be named the nucleus. Rutherford created his own model after stating that Thompson's was incorrect.

Ernest Rutherford was a New Zealand born British physicist who is famously known for “splitting the atom.” His work on the gold foil experiment contributed greatly to the model of the atom and helped develop the standard model of the atom to what we now use today. Without his contributions we would still be using the Plum Pudding model, an out dated and incorrect model, and we would have less of an understanding of how atoms form the world around us.

Explain why the apparent inconsistent behaviour of cathode rays caused debate as to whether they were charged particles or electromagnetic waves.

Other scientists like J.J. Thomson helped develop the overall knowledge of chemistry, especially with his discovery about the first subatomic particle, the electron, in 1897. However, despite Thomson’s important breakthrough, Bohr’s discovery in the early 1900’s developed a strong basis and knowledge about the entire atom’s appearance and what it contained which made a significant impact on chemistry. Bohr’s innovation was published as a model that established the theory of electrons moving in orbits around the nucleus of the atom. He also introduced the idea of the chemical properties of the element being mostly governed by the number of electrons located in the outermost orbits. It can be argued that discovering the electron itself before Bohr’s research is more important to his own discovery, but without his new discovery, the theory of electrons wouldn’t have been determined later along with the base principles of electrons and how they interact. Furthermore, any knowledge about the electron cloud would be compact without pivotal knowledge of what an atom looks

It still has a potential difference across its membrane such that the inside of the cell is negatively charged relative the outside. We used the MetaNueron program to do our experiments. There were four different colored lines on the computer screen. The baseline at 0mV which was red, the Na+ potential which was blue, the K+ potentials which was green, and the membrane potential which was yellow. The baseline is the starting point used for comparisons of all the graphs and figures.

First scientist to suggest that all matter is composed of small, indivisible particles called atoms

1913 – Henry Moseley tested whether elements should be based on the charge of the nucleus. He found that there was a pattern between adjacent elements. Moseley devised the basics of the atomic number.

Democritus’s main contribution to the atomic theory is that he was the man who asked how many times matter can be broken down. Living from around 460 to 370 BCE, this question was not thought of much at his time. Democritus stated that there must be a state of matter too small to be broken down anymore. He called this matter atoms.

Thomson had purposed a plum pudding model, with positive and negative charge, where in the pudding itself is positively charged and the plums placed around the pudding would be the negative charged electrons, this model was sometimes seen as having a cloud of positive charge to the most recent atomic models which describes the positive nucleus to be surrounded by an electron cloud.

The Law of motion states that each and every force has an equal and opposite force or each and every action has an equal and opposite reaction. So….my simple mind tells me….if you choose to consciously have a positive charge, know that a negative charge will be on its way to reconcile same! Every positive has a negative. Where your focus goes, your energy flows. Also what you resist persists! It’s all charge.