Dendrite Experiment

Identifying the involvement of neuropeptides in prosocial behaviours by, identifying what prosocial behaviour involves. Understanding that these neuropeptides play a role in many types of responses, this essay will focus on bonding behaviours and identifying the importance of bonding between animals and humans. Followed by identifying the individual systems involved in vasopressin and what impact this has on bonding behaviours and the effect of oxytocin on bonding behaviours. Finishing with an overall conclusion, regarding the findings and possible adaptions to future research.

The procedures in this experiment were Classical conditioning and Stimulus generalization. The elements of Classical conditioning in this experiment were utilized to manipulate the emotions. The white rat in this experiment is a neutral

Humans, as well as other primates, bond with grooming and playing with others. Humans, unlike other primates, interact with a wider variety of their species than most primates. The many human subgroups and cultures all interact with each other across the world, whereas most other primates only interact with those in their social group. The single fact that nearly all primates, including humans, are very social beings in general and prefer to live in social groups, contributes to the multitude of similarities of social behavior.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this experiment is to encourage discrimination in rat #4, to measure how the rat distinguishes between pressing the lever when a light is on, and when it is off. Discrimination is the tendency for behavior to occur in situations that are very similar to the one in which the behavior was learned, but not in situations that differ from it. Therefore, as the lamp light was on while the rat was learning to press the lever in previous experiments, the tendency for the rat to discriminate when the light is on, or off, will be measured in this experiment.

Animals with a bigger cage and more toys had less neurons in the hippocampus than the control group

β-Cat cKO in PV neurons alters social behaviors. ASDs are characterized by social-interaction difficulties. In the social interaction (SIT) of a three-chamber paradigm to estimate the social memory and social novelty, both groups of mice showed no preference for empty chambers during the habituation (not shown). When a mouse is presented with an empty chamber, both β-catf/f and β-cat-PV-cKO mice preferred to interact more with the mouse 1 (M1) rather than the empty chamber (E)

From the bar graph, lemur 1 socialized (26.7%) with several members in the group during its 30 minutes, and travelled (6.7%) a little bit quadrupedally, besides resting (66.6%); lemur 2 was resting the whole time during the observation, while alerted twice without any other behavior but scratching itself a little bit; lemur 3 was the most active one among the four, who travelled (33.3%) a large amount of time yet still spent most of its time resting (40%), it also played with the toys provided by zoo, and bitted the wood for a while; lemur 4 was completely resting during the whole time of its observation.

Before examining human experimentation, it is important to analyze findings presented by social learning researchers who have looked for conformist behaviors in animals. Through considering animal research, researchers are able to infer

By performing this type of experiment, the rat's preferences can be determined. Examples of this could be a rat's food preference, its familiarity with specific smells and scents, the attraction of the male and female within the maze and whether a young rat prefers an adult female or an adult male. These simple experiments can determine the rat's psyche on multiple subjects, and ultimately divulge further into the rat's psychological characteristics. It is also important to consider the rodent's behaviour. The use of spatial and non-spatial cues is very influential for research findings on memory, spatial learning and the long-term potential (LTP). These cues include the orientation of the maze, extra-maze cues and room configuration cues. Strategies may be executed according to the rodent's ability to find cues in the room, the presence or absence of polarizing cues in the room, and the stability of the maze in the room. When analyzing and interpreting experimental data, researchers have to consider the orientation and configuration of the apparatus and cues in the

Social cognition is a complicated process that requires the integration of a wide variety of behaviors, including perception of social signals, reward-seeking, motivation, short-term recognition, and flexible adjustment in social groups. As crucial parts of social cognition, animals, including rodents and primates, have the desire to seek out contact and interaction with conspecifics. This is called social motivation. During this interaction, they need to recognize the behavior of other individuals or the group as a whole, and to respond to social signals appropriately. Social recognition/perception is required for forming long-term attachments, hierarchies, and other complex social strategies critical for survival

Four of the experiments conducted directly showed how applied behavior can be influenced with animal research; however, some people argue differently. The Journal of Applied Behavior (JABA) usually focuses on typical animal models. The four experiments that were innovative and showed applied behavior in a social human setting are not the typical types of experiments included within the JABA. The differences between which type of experiments are conducted and their results creates controversies over what should be included with applied behavior

In this journal researchers realized that monkeys placed in isolation for some period were unable to partake in normal social relationships with fellow monkeys after being taken out of isolation. To expand on this observation researchers wanted to see how monkey’s social relationships and behaviors would be affected when administered multiple psychoactive drugs. In this study, the dependent variables were the 3 types of drugs (hallucinogen, stimulant, and tranquilizer), the independent variable was the nonverbal communication and socialization that took place with the drugged monkeys, and the controlled variable was a monkey that was not on any drugs. Since they were testing both the group interactions and nonverbal communications there were 2 main testing areas. The group testing took place

In this study researchers wanted to find out how rats social skills were affected when exposed less to their mother and liter mates at a young age. Researchers expected to find that the way the rats are raised preweaning will affect the adult’s gregariousness rather than what they need or want at that time in adulthood. To test this theory, they bred 76 rats and exposed them to 6 total different social environments. The independent variables in this experiment were the multiple social environments the rats were testing in which consisted of, separation daily from their mother and liter mates and isolation at weaning, separation from just their mother and isolation at weaning, constantly with their mother and liter mates and isolation at weaning,

The current study by manipulating the level of humans’ sociability, demonstrates that dogs are more likely to yawn in the presence of a person that has acted anti-socially than someone who has act pro-socially towards them. The results provide support to the stress hypothesis over the empathy hypothesis, which suggests that contagious yawning observed in dogs towards humans is likely to be due to elevated stress rather than empathy.

Through observing individual’s behaviors, you can determine the social relationship present with the person they are interacting with. The primates in The Fosters behave differently depending on what relationship is established between the individuals. The data consists of 5 social relationships